verifies that DNA replicated and any DNA damage repaired

Glycolysis occurs in __, the citric acid cycle occurs in __, and the ETC occurs in the __

cytoplasm; mitochondria; mitochondrial inner membrane

Endosymbiosis is the best explanation for

Appearance of mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotes

Cancer spread to different part of body from where it starts

Select the incorrect association

proteins have 3 forms; mono-,poly-,di-saccharides

Which of the following is matched incorrectly?

interphase: sister chromatids are pulled apart

Protective caps at the end of chromosomes

Which of the following would be classified as a GE?

rat with rabbit hemoglobin genes inserted into its genome

Fevers can be fatal. Why?

The increase in body temp denatures the body's proteins

Which of these is a true regarding meiosis in males and females?

Females produce one functional cell at the end

Which of these does not perform cellular respiration?

all of these can perform cellular respiration

Causing development of immune memory cells

Evolution is defined as

A change in the allele frequency in a population

A latent virus will _________

Integrate into host cell chromosomes

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BIOL 1110 Final Review

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Final Exam Review

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Questions 75

Answers

1
The G2 checkpoint
Is where cells split
Is where cells enter is DNA is not correct
is where apoptosis occurs
verifies that DNA replicated and any DNA damage repaired
2
Which is a light-independent reaction?
PS 1
ETC
none of the above
calvin cycle
3
Glycolysis occurs in __, the citric acid cycle occurs in __, and the ETC occurs in the __
It depends on if it is a plant or animal
cytoplasm; mitochondria; mitochondrial inner membrane
cytoplasm ; chloroplast; inner membrane
4
The products of photosynthesis are
sugar and oxygen
oxygen and water
water and CO2
sugar and water
5
Individuals do not evolve, ________ do.
organisms
mutations
adaptations
populations
6
A human cell that is not dividing contains ___ chromosomes, each consisting of ___ chromatid(s)
46; 1
23; 1
46; 2
23; 2
7
Endosymbiosis is the best explanation for
Origin of unicellular life
Appearance of mitochondria and chloroplast in eukaryotes
Origin of multicellular life
8
Chlorophyll ABSORB ______ and _______ wavelengths best.
yellow and green
orange and red
blue and red
pink and violet
9
When a protein's shape is affected, it will not be able to function. What is this called?
denaturation
hydrophobic
hydrogenation
none of the above
10
Which of the following macromolecules is mismatched?
Simple sugars; carbohydrates
Amino acids; proteins
Fatty acids; lipid
Unsaturated fats; RNA
11
The term oncogene refers to
A virus that causes cancer
A gene that protects against cancer
A type of chemotherapy
A gene that can cause cancer
12
Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living things?
acquire materials and energy
composed of two cells
ability to reproduce
respond to stimulus
13
What are stacks of flattened sacs that contain the pigment chlorophyll called?
chlorophyll
thylakoids
stroma
14
Genetic engineering
Sometimes occurs naturally
Always occurs naturally
Never occurs naturally
Does not exist
15
What is metastasis?
Cancer that is not treatable
Cancer that is not harmful to the body
Cancer spread to different part of body from where it starts
Cancer that has not spread to other portions of the body
16
When plants grow their mass comes from...
nutrients from the soil
none of the above
molecules in the air
water in the soil
17
Select the incorrect association
proteins have 3 forms; mono-,poly-,di-saccharides
Carbohydrates uses by the body for energy
lipids serve to protect and store energy
18
Which of the following is matched incorrectly?
prophase: the nuclear membrane starts to break down
metaphase: chromosomes align down the center of the cell
telophase: cytokinesis occurs
interphase: sister chromatids are pulled apart
19
An individual is heterozygous for a trait that follows incomplete dominance. They will have:
The recessive phenotype
Both phenotypes
An intermediate phenotype
The dominant phenotype
20
Which of these factors is not critical in classifying an organism into the the 3 domains
response to stimuli
all of these are critical
method of obtaining food
number of cells
21
Which of the following is a product (output) of glycolysis?
Water
Pyruvate
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Acetyl coA
22
Telomeres are:
Cells that result from mitosis
Protective caps at the end of chromosomes
Cancerous cells
Spindle fibers formed in a cell
23
Which of the following would be classified as a GE?
treat bacterium with compound affecting expression of genes
turkey treated with hormones
rat with rabbit hemoglobin genes inserted into its genome
human treated with insulin produced by E. coli bacteria
24
What are the end products of photosynthesis?
Sugar and water
Carbon dioxide and water
Sugar and oxygen
Carbon dioxide and oxygen
25
Where in the cell does translation occur?
mitochondria
ribosomes
cytoplasm
nucleus
26
What type of natural selection favors either extreme phenotype?
stabilizing selection
average selection
sexual selection
disruptive selection
27
For translation to occur all of the following are needed except:
amino acids
ribosomes
tRNA/mRNA
lipids
28
Fevers can be fatal. Why?
It increases the spread of a virus
It causes the cells to become overworked
The increase in body temp denatures the body's proteins
It causes the bacteria in the body to release more toxins
29
A copy of a chromosome is called a:
chromatid
homologous chromosome
duplicated chromosome
unduplicated chromosome
30
Which of these is not one of the major applications of biotechnology?
medicinal
historical
environmental
agricultural
31
Which of these is a true regarding meiosis in males and females?
Males only produce haploid gametes
Two rounds in males, one round in females
Females produce one functional cell at the end
Diversity generated in males but not females
32
All of the following are included in a nucleotide structure except:
Phosphate group
Nitrogenous base
sugar(deoxyribose)
Ribosome
33
What is the central dogma of biology?
DNA, RNA, protein
DNA, RNA, amino acid
RNA, protein, ribosome
Protein, DNA, chromosome
34
When one trait is controlled by multiple genes, it is called _________.
Pleiotropy
Polygenic inheritance
Incomplete dominance
Codominance
35
A / an ______________ is an alteration or change in an organism’s DNA.
mutation
translation
modification
transfiguration
36
_________ is the source of genetic variation in meiosis.
Alleles
Anaphase II
Homologous pairs
Crossing over
37
Which of these does not perform cellular respiration?
alligator
humans
all of these can perform cellular respiration
plants
38
Vaccines work by
Causing development of immune memory cells
Suppressing the immune response
Speeding up the immune response
Destroying microbes immediately
39
In what organelle does photosynthesis occur?
mitochondria
chloroplast
ribosome
nucleus
40
Evolution is defined as
A change in the genome frequency
A change in the allele frequency in a population
A change in a physical trait of an individual
A progressive “ladder of changes
41
A major catastrophe (i.e. avalanche, mudslide) would most likely cause which of the following?
sexual selection
non-random mating
gene flow
genetic drift
42
A latent virus will _________
Immediately destroy host cell
Start making new viruses in the host cell
Cause immediate symptoms
Integrate into host cell chromosomes
43
Human somatic cells contain a total of ___ linear chromosomes?
84
23
46
36
44
The purpose of the calvin cycle is to convert ____ to _____.
CO2 to glucose
Solar energy to chemical energy
Glucose to CO2
Chemical energy to solar energy
45
Which of the following situations would require the use of meiosis for cell division?
injury repair
growth
reproduction
46
NADH is produced in all of the following steps except...
it is produced in all of the steps
citric acid cycle
ETC
glycolysis
47
Which of the following theories explains the similarities AND diversity among organisms?
Theory of relativity
Theory of endosymbiosis
Theory of gravity
Theory of evolution
48
What is the site of the light-dependent reactions?
chemiosmosis
thylakoids
stroma
chloroplast
49
What are the inputs of photosynthesis?
all of the answers are correct
sunlight
water
CO2
50
Binary fission is
A type of enzyme
A type of asexual reproduction
A process occurring during cellular respiration
A type of eukaryotic process
51
In an experimental study, the group receiving the PLACEBO would be...
control group
all of the above
the experimental group
the backup group
52
Which of these can increase a person's risk of developing atherosclerosis/heart disease?
Cholesterol
All of the above
Saturated fatty acids
Trans fatty acids
53
The number of chromosome pairs in a species
Is greatest amongst plants
Is greatest amongst mammals
Is always 23
Is not related to a species’ complexity
54
Where is the energy used in photosynthesis obtained?
solar energy
Calvin cycle
water
oxygen
55
An example of polygenic inheritance would be
Hitchhiker’s thumb
Attached vs detached earlobes
Eye color
Having dimples vs no dimples
56
ATP is an output of the light reactions
false
true
57
An amino acid is to a protein as
A monosaccharides is to a lipid
Polysaccharide is to monosaccharide
Glycogen is to glucose
A monosaccharide is to a polysaccharide
58
When you exhale, what two stages of cellular respiration produces the CO2 that you exhale
The preparatory reaction and the citric acid cycle
Glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
59
The sugar found in RNA is called…
ribose
glucose
Deoxyribose
sucrose
60
Which of the following does not describe lactic acid (lactate fermentation?)
It is performed by some some bacteria/fungi and animals
It is performed by the cell in the absence of oxygen
It is an efficient means of ATP production
Pyruvate is converted to lactic acid (lactate)
61
Which step is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?
Citric acid cycle
Glycolysis
Electron transport chain
Prep reaction
62
Despite the diversity of cell type and function, all cells have these things in common
Cytoplasm, DNA and a plasma membrane
DNA
Plasma membrane, DNA and a nucleus
Cell wall, cytoplasm and DNA
63
True or False: You can tell the genotype of a person by looking at their characteristics.
false
true
64
Choose the correct male and female sex chromosomes
Female: XX, Male: XY
Male: XX, Female: XY
65
Can two parents with dimples have a child without dimples? (D - dimples, d- no dimples)
Yes
No
66
What does “the fittest” mean in an evolutionary sense?
the best able to avoid being eaten
the longest lived
the strongest
the most reproductively successful
67
Which is false concerning antibiotic resistance?
All of the above are true
People become resistant to antibiotics
Antibiotics are overprescribed
Antibiotics should treat bacterial infection
68
_____ is the key enzyme in unwinding, while _____ is the key enzyme in rebuilding.
RNA helicase, RNA polymerase
DNA helicase, DNA polymerase
RNA polymerase, RNA helicase
DNA polymerase, DNA helicase
69
In which pattern of inheritance would an individual show two phenotypes?
Codominance
Pleiotropy
Incomplete dominance
70
Chloroplasts have a double membrane.
true
false
71
What is decreased during the process of meiosis?
The number of cells
The size of chromosomes
All of the above
The number of chromosomes
72
Plant cells
do not need chloroplasts
have both chloroplasts and mitochondria
do not need mitochondria
do not perform cellular respiration
73
What part of the visible spectrum is not absorbed by chlorophyll?
yellow wavelengths
blue wavelengths
green wavelengths
red wavelengths
74
If you were trying to determine whether a cell was plant/animal, which would identify the cell?
nucleus
endoplasmic reticulum
central vacuole
ribosomes
75
What is the opposite cycle of photosynthesis?
cellular respiration
independent light cycle
none of the above
Calvin cycle

BIOL 1110 Final Review Flashcards | StudBud