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Biology I Midterm Chapters 1-5 Flashcards | StudBud
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Biology I Midterm Chapters 1-5
Biology I Midterm Chapters 1-5
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#biology review
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1
Which of the following do not depend directly on sunlight for energy?
animal consumers and decomposers
decomposers
terrestrial producers
animal consumers
2
A salt will dissolve in water to form
ions other than H+ and OH-
buffers
hydrogen bonds
bases
3
Which of the following is NOT a key characteristic of "life"?
using energy
organization into cells
inability to change
reproduction
4
Four of the five items listed below are organelles found in eukaryotic cells, EXCEPT?
lysosome
nucleoid
mitochondrion
golgi body
5
Which represents the highest degree of certainty?
hypothesis
prediction
assumption
theory
6
Which of the following groups are made up of almost exclusively decomposers?
Animalia
Fungi
Protista
Plantae
7
The most inclusive level of organization listed here is a(n)
zebra
carbon atom
red blood cell
heart
8
The sequence of amino acids is the __ structure of proteins.
secondary
quaternary
primary
tertiary
9
The subatomic particle(s) with a negative charge is(are)
neutron
both neutron and proton
both proton and electron
electron
10
"Acidic" is an appropriate description for all EXCEPT which one of the following?
a pH less than 7
the contents of the stomach
excess hydrogen ions
magnesium hydroxide
11
Immerse a human red blood cell in hypotonic solution, and water ___.
diffuses into the cell
shows no movement
diffuses out of the cell
12
The nucleus of an atom contains
protons only
protons and neutrons
neutrons only
protons and electrons
13
The activation energy of a reaction refers to the minimum amount of energy
in the reactants
necessary to cause a reaction to proceed on its own
released by the reaction
in the products
14
Which molecule is incorrectly matched with its monomer?
nucleic acids; nucleotide
glycogen; glucose
fat;fatty acid
starch; ribose
15
Members of what domain are evolutionarily closest to eukaryotes?
Bacteria
Archaea
Animalia
Protista
16
Sucrose is composed of
2 molecules of glucose
a monosaccharide and a disaccharide
2 molecules of fructose
a molecule of fructose & a molecule of glucose
17
The atomic mass (mass number) of an atom is determined by the combined masses of its
neutrons and electrons
protons and electrons
neutrons and protons
protons, neutrons, and electrons
18
A molecule is
electrically charged
a mixture of atoms
a combination of two or more atoms
a carrier of one or more extra neutrons
19
Which of the following is NOT accurate concerning ionization?
when a atom loses an electron, it becomes negatively charged
in the compound NaCl, Na loses a electron to become positive
when one atom loses electrons, another must gain electrons
ionic bonds form between ionized atoms
20
A single atom of carbon may form up to __ covalent bonds with other atoms.
6
4
3
2
21
The best microscope to use to view internal features of specimens is the
transmission electron microscope
basic light microscope
scanning electron microscope
phase contrast light microscope
22
Hydrogenation is a chemical process that
turns amino acids into proteins
turns liquid oil to solid fats
creates stable alternative energy sources
turns DNA into lipids
23
When protein transporters require energy to help sodium ions across a cell membrane.
active transport
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
passive transport
24
Prokaryotic cells have a nucleus which contains DNA.
True
False
25
What kind of reaction produces large molecules by linking small molecules?
reduction
hydrolysis
condensation
oxidation
26
Of the following, which term means the judging of information before accepting it as fact?
hypothesis
law
critical thinking
theory
27
Glycogen is a polysaccharide used for energy storage by
bacteria
protistans
plants
animals
28
All of the following are tenets of the cell theory EXCEPT that
since the 1st cell, each new cell comes from previous cells
all organisms consist of one or more cells
each cell is composed of products that it manufactures
cells may arise spontaneously under certain lab conditions
29
Organisms sense and respond to changes both inside and outside the body by way of
metabolism
receptors
photosynthesis
anabolism
30
The atomic number refers to the
number of protons in an atom
number of neutrons in an atom
number of electrons in an atom
mass of an atom
31
The first person acknowledged to have seen living, moving cells by using a microscope was
Robert Hooke
Galileo Galilee
Robert Brown
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
32
Which of the following statements about exergonic reactions is false?
They release energy
their products have more energy than the reactants
some energy is converted to less biologically useful forms
glucose metabolism is an example
33
DNA codes for the production of
vital gasses
inorganic molecules
proteins
minerals
34
The level of organization where factors such as sunlight, rainfall, and temp. come into play is
clown fish, sharks, and coral living together
flow of energy & recycling of nitrogen in a given area
glucose
digestive system
35
A scientific name consists of which of the following?
specific epithet
genus
family name
genus and specific epithet
36
Which is NOT an element?
hydrogen
oxygen
water
chlorine
37
Polyunsaturated fats
have no double bonds
have fewer hydrogen atoms than do saturated fats
are solid at room temperature
are more characteristic of animal fats than plant fats
38
The control in an experiment
is an additional replicate for statistical purposes
reduces the experimental errors
allows for comparisons to the experimental group
minimizes experimental inaccuracy
39
A honeycomb is made up primarily of which of the following
carbohydrates
amino acids
lipids
nucleotides
40
Which is the correct sequence of polypeptide transport in the secretory pathway?
plasma membrane > ER > golgi bodies > ribosome
golgi bodies > ribosomes> ER > plasma membrane
ribosome > ER > golgi bodies > plasma membrane
ribosome > golgi bodies > ER > plasma membrane
41
The components of membranes that account for most of their active functions are
phospholipids
carbohydrates
fats
proteins
42
Endergonic reactions
occur in the breakdown of glucose
require a net input of energy
break down large molecules into smaller molecules
result in products with less energy than the reactants
43
When a white blood cell engulfs a bacterium this is a form of which type of endocytosis?
pinocytosis
exocytosis
phagocytosis
all are correct
44
This type of protein binds to a specific extracellular substance, example cholesterol.
recognition protein
receptor protein
adhesion protein
transport protein
45
He is the "Father of Taxonomy" & developed the classification system, binomial nomenclature.
Carolus Linnaeus
Francis Crick
Gregor Mendel
James Watson
46
Triglycerides are
carbohydrates
neutral fats
proteins
amino acids
47
A solution with a pH of 9 has how many times fewer H ions than a solution with a pH of 6?
10
3
100
1000
48
Bacteria in the intestinal tract prevent pathogens from causing disease by
crowding them out
producing protein traps to kill them
submerging them in acid in the stomach
eating other bacteria
49
The bond in table salt (NaCl) is
double
ionic
polar
nonpolar
50
Which of these statements is FALSE concerning covalent bonds?
Water contains polar covalent bonds
In polar covalent bonds, electrons are shared equally
Molecules may possess many covalent bonds
Covalent bonds may be "double bonds"
51
Groups of bacteria living together in a close knit group are also known as
monophylogenic cultures
biofilms
all pathogenic bacteria
eukaryotes
52
Ions or molecules tend to diffuse from a region thats __ concentrated to a region of __ concen.
equally, less
less, more
more, less
equally, more
53
The method of movement that requires the expenditure of ATP molecules is
osmosis
facilitated diffusion
active transport
simple diffusion
54
The DNA molecule is most similar functionally to a
ballpoint pen
computer memory chip
craft kit of ceramic tiles
pair of scissors
55
Isotopes of atoms
are electrically unbalanced
are the same physically & biologically
are produced when atoms lose electrons
have the same # of protons but a different # of neutrons
56
N, with an atomic # of 7, has __electrons in the 1st energy level & __ electrons in the 2nd.
3;4
5;2
2;5
1;6
57
In oxidation-reduction reactions, all of the following are true EXCEPT
the molecule that accepts electrons is oxidized
one molecule gives up electrons
cells release energy
one molecule gains electrons
58
A __property is a characteristic of a system that does not appear in any of its component parts
efferent
emergent
energetic
elective
59
A hydrogen bond is a(n)
sharing of a pair of electrons between H nucleus & O or N
attractive force between a H atom & either an O or a N atom
covalent bond between 2 H atoms
covalent bond between a H atom & an O atom or a N atom
60
Cellulose is
a component of cell membranes
a polysaccharide found in cell walls of plants
an oligosaccharide
a component of invertebrate exoskeletons
61
Denaturation of proteins may result in all of the following EXCEPT
alteration of enzyme activity
breakage of hydrogen bonds
endangerment of a cell's life
removal of R groups from amino acids
62
Which of the following statements is false?
most enzymes are carbohydrate molecules
can bring on the transition state by lowering act. energy
enzymes are highly specific
enzymes catalyze reversible reactions in either direction