what does the prefix hydro mean?

adding hydrogen atoms (not polyatomic)

results that closely resemble reality

the part of an experiment that doesnt change

what is the definition of chemistry?

a branch of science that deals with matter and energy

Daltons atomic theory- Elements are made of

atoms- particles too small to see

what is the macroscopic definition of plasma?

indefinite shape, indefinite volume, releases EMR, behave like gases

what is the difference between prefix per and hypo

highest and lowest oxidation states

Definition of potential energy

the energy of position within a field

what is supercooling?

particles are cold enough to form a crystal, but are in the wrong alignment

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Chemistry 11 final

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Questions 90

Answers

1
Stationary orbits are associated with specific energies called orbitals?
True
False
2
4 bonds, 0 lone pairs
T-shape
Trigonal planar
Triangle
Tetrahedral
3
what is not matter?
something that occupies space
energy
something with a rest mass
gas, liquid, solid, plasma
4
what is the equation to find the volume?
V=nT/RP
V=nPR/T
V-nRT/P
V=nR/PT
5
How does a person properly observe?
reading the textbook
looking at details
determine patterns
using tools and 5 senses
6
what was Dalton''s law of partial pressures?
P1/T1=P2/T2
V1/T1=V2/T2
P1+P2+P3...=Ptotal
PV=nRT
7
I perchloric acid is HClO4, what is chloric acid
HClO
HClO-1
HClO3
HClO5
8
3 bonds, 2 lone pairs
peinguins
T-shape
Triangle
Trigonal bipyramidal
9
Bohr's postulates- The electron can maintain a stable orbit around the nucleus without_______________. Discrete distance
rotating
losing energy
radiating any energy
creating dipoles
10
what is not an accepted result of a controlled experiment?
prove the theory
TRASH the theory
change/ alter the theory
support the theory
11
what does the prefix hydro mean?
lowest oxidation state
highest oxydation state
acids only
adding hydrogen atoms (not polyatomic)
12
A dipole-dipole bond is short-lived
True
False
13
what is the last quantum no. for oxygen
(2, 1, -1, -1/2)
(2, 1, 0, 1/2)
(2, 0, 1, -1/2)
(2, 1, 1, 1/2)
14
What is accuracy?
results that closely resemble reality
the repeatability of results
a perfect observation
imprecision
15
what is not a field of potential energy?
gravitational
mechanical
electromagnetic
nuclear
16
what is not a branch of pure substances or mixtures?
solutions
compounds
elements
potential
17
6 bonds, 0 lone pairs
Trigonal six
octahedral
octohedral
hexahedral
18
what reaction is endothermic
reaction with strong acid and water
burning a candle
making ice cubes
baking bread
19
What orbital is in the photo?
dx2
dyx
dx2-y2
dyz
20
what is a control?
the independent variable
a process for keeping documentation of the experiment
a banana
the part of an experiment that doesnt change
21
What Electronegativity difference signifies a covalent bond?
1.7 or more
0.4 or less
0.4-1.7
0.2 or less
22
who named these intermolecular forces?
Van der waals
Dalton
me
VESPR
23
What is this experiment called?
Ernest Rutherford experiment
alpha-beta experiment
Geiger Marsden experiment
Light paricle reflection experiment
24
What is the azimunthal number?
the shell of the orbital
s,p,d or f orbital
the orientation of the sub-orbital
the direction of electron spin
25
what is not a form of kinetic energy?
rotational
teleportional
vibrational
translational
26
What orbital is in this photo?
dxz
dx2-y2
dyx
dyz
27
5 bonds, 0 lone pairs
Trigonal bipyramidal
T-shape
linear
trigonal pyramidal
28
Isobaric means constant pressure (Charles)
True
False
29
What did Rutherford learn from this experiment?
There is a NUCLEUS!
electrons do not exist
alpha partices can pass through gold foil and reflect as expected
energy shells
30
what prefix is added when an oxygen is replaces with a sulfur
thio
per
si
sulfate
31
Bi2S3
bismuth (3) sulphide
Bismuth (2) sulphide
Tribismuth disulphide
Bismuth sulphate
32
what is the definition of chemistry?
mixing together substances to form new substances
the study of microscopic things
a branch of science that deals with matter and energy
a method for understanding the world around us
33
How did Aristotle categorize air?
cold and dry
cold and wet
hot and wet
hot and dry
34
What are the constants in Boyles law
T
T,n
V,n
P,n
35
Daltons atomic theory- Elements are made of
atoms- from the periodic table
atoms- particles too small to see
atoms- a dimensionless point
36
what is the macroscopic definition of plasma?
indefinite shape, definite volume, takes shape of bottom of the container
definite shape, definite volume, rigid shape, difficult to compress
indefinite shape, indefinite volume, difficult to compress
indefinite shape, indefinite volume, releases EMR, behave like gases
37
what is the difference between prefix per and hypo
added oxygens on non polyatomic atoms
with and without sulfur
most and least added hydrogens
highest and lowest oxidation states
38
Definition of potential energy
E=mc2
the energy of position within a field
arrangement into an ideal bond length
the energy of motion
39
what is the SI prefix for tera, mega, and milli
10(12), 10(3), 10(-9)
10(12), 10(6), 10(-3)
10(9), 10(6), 10(-6)
10(18), 10(6), 10(-9)
40
3 bonds, 0 lone pairs
bent
trigonal planar
T-shape
trigonal pyramidal
41
Pressure=
area
force
force divided by area
force times area
42
Daltons atomic theory- in _________________, atoms can be combined, separated, or rearranged.
between elections
high energy circumstances
nuclear space
chemical reactions
43
Ionization energy is the desire an atom has for electrons.
False
True
44
According to Plato, what shape was air? (elementa)
cube
tetrahedron
icosohedron
octahedron
45
what is this orbital?
dyz
dxz
dyx
duuuuuuuuuude
46
and whats HClO?
hypochlorous acid
hydrochloric acid
chloric acid
dihydrogen chlorate
47
what is supercooling?
particles are cold enough to form a crystal, but are in the wrong alignment
particles are frozen but then get thawed
particles are losing vibrational energy in the supercooling stage
particles lose heat temperature but not energy
48
JJ Thompson's suggestion
neutrons
corpuscles
nucleus
protons
49
Electrons change from one allowed energy to a higher one by __________ energy
creating
eliminating
releasing
absorbing
50
what type of reactions are hydrocarbon
endothermic
either
exothermic
don't require a recation
51
what is the weakest of the intermolecular forces?
covalent bond
London force
dipole-dipole
hydrogen bonding
52
Gay-Lussac's Gas Law
P1xV1=P2xV2
P1/T1=P2/T2
assumes isobaric
V1/T1=V2/T2
53
what is H2PO4 -1 called? (POLYATONIC ION)
phosphoric acid
hydrophosphoric acid
dihydrogen phosphide
dihydrogen phosphate
54
what kind of reaction is this
endothermic
exothermic
55
Daltons atomic theory- Atoms CAN be
destroyed
combined
created
subdivided
56
What did Empedocles theorize?
elements
earth air fire water
constallations
atoms
57
Law of conservation in matter
In a chemical change, matter is conserved in ion form
In a chemical change, matter is only created and destroyed by energy
in a chemical change, matter can not be created nor destroyed
In a chemical change, matter can be destroyed only by certain reactants
58
what is the electronic configuration of sulphur
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4
1s2 2s2 3s2 3p6 4s1
1s2 2s2 2p3
59
what is the volume of a mole at STP?
22.7
24.8
60
what the volume of a mole at SATP
100000000
22.7
24.8
20.1
61
Daltons atomic theory- Atoms of the same element have the same size, mass, and other physical properties
True
False
62
Daltons atomic theory- Atoms of different elements can combine in simple
whole number ratios
syrup
bonds
molecules
63
What is the boiling point of molecules attached with weak london force.
Hiiiigh
Lowwww
64
name HCLO4
perchloric acid
hydrogen chlorite
chloric acid
hydrochloric acid
65
what is this an example of?
quantum numbers
electronic configuration
nomenclature
orbital diagram
66
what hapens when you remove an oxygen from chlorate
still chlorate...
hypochlorite
chlorite
perchlorate
67
Pressure is due to ___________ of gas particles and the container walls
bonds
waves
compression
collisions
68
what orbital's in this photo?
dz2
dxy
dx2-dy2
dyz
69
what is NOT an element involved in hydrogen bonding?
O
N
C
F
70
convert 2.55cm to micrometers
2.55x10(6) micrometers
2.55x10(4) micrometers
2.55x10(-4) micrometers
2.55x10(-2) micrometers
71
what assumption is NOT made in limiting/excess calculations
100% yield
No side reactions consume any reactatnts
all reagents are 100% pure
1:1 molecular ratio
72
Intramolecular forces are what hold atoms together within a molecule.
True
False
73
How do you describe matter microscopically?
proximity (touching), level of KE, amount of atoms
unitary rate values
shape, volume, compressibility, shape of container
proximity (touching), level of KE, level of randomness
74
Zinc Bromide
ZnBr2
Zn2Br
ZnBr
BrZn
75
Intermolecular forces are the forces that act between neighbouring _____________in either a pure substance or mixture.
atoms
electrons
molecules
ions
76
All collisions (with gas particles) are perfectly elastic
False
True
77
what type of compounds have dipole-dipole interactions
ionic
non polar
covalent
polar covalent
78
What is the orbital in this photo?
dxy
dxz
dx2-dy2
dyz
79
Molecular Geometry- 2 bonds, 0 lone pairs
linear
bent
trigonal pyramidal
trigonal planar
80
What was a flaw in Rutherfords theory?
predicted neutrons were inside the nucleus and protons were outside
didn't explain the emission spectrum from observed elements
didn't explain the correlation between atoms and the planetary system
predicted EMR emmisions from accelerating orbiting electrons
81
"like dissolves like" refers to
elements from the same family only
Polarity + H bonding
size and shape
Bonds- covalent, ionic..
82
________ are made up of molecules which are in constant straight line motion
covalent bonds
compounds
gases
forces
83
What did the quantum mechanical model NOT theoize?
nucleus accounts for over 99.99+% of the volume of any atom
nucleus accounts for over 99.99+% of the mass of any atom
electrons considered to be wave/particles
probability of finding the electron in a region of space (orbital)
84
name PBr5
phosphorus (5) bromide
phosphorus pentabromine
phosphate pentabromide
phosphorus pentabromide
85
name for HCl
bichloric acid
hydrogen chloride
perhydrogen monochloride
hydrochloric acid
86
what is the third step of the scientific method
form a conclusion
based on patterns, develop theories
based on observatons, determine patterns
test theory with a controlled experiment
87
what is the principal quantum number?
the shell of the orbital
the orientation of the sub-orbital
s,p, d or f orbital
the direction of electron spin
88
3 bonds, 1 lone pair
bent
Trigonal planar
T-shape
Trigonal pyramidal
89
Name the different series
Paschen, Balmer, Lyman, Bracket
Balmer, Bracket, Lynman, Paschen
Lyman, Balmer, Paschen, Bracket
Lyman, Paschen, Balmer, Bracket
90
Gas particles are calculated to be ___________ points
dimensionless
ramdom
spaced out
tiny

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