The Earth's tectonic plates are located?

from Earth's surface to a depth of 100 km

Which of the following statements about EQs are false?

Earthquake faults must reach the surface to do damage

Igneous Rock A has much larger crystals than igneous rock B. Which is likely to be true?

Rock A cooled more slowly than Rock B

When a fault slips and releases energy, what happens to this energy?

The energy is carried by seismic waves through the surrounding rock

Which of the following is not a documented consequence of a transform fault?

primarily up & down motion along the fault

Which of the following does NOT happen during radioactive decay?

The amount of parent material increases

Kepler's 3rd law of planetary motion describes a relationship between:

Distance from the Sun & time it takes to complete an orbit

What is the epicenter?

The place on the surface where the earthquake begins

Why are there so many volcanoes located around the Ring of Fire?

There are many subduction zones found there

What statement best describes seismic waves?

When rocks break and release energy in form of seismic waves

Scientists use index fossils to ______.

determine the time period which rocks formed

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Questions 113

Answers

1
What structure forms at the mouth of the river where smaller streams flow away from the main stream to deposit sediment?
Tributaries
Waterfalls
Distributaries
Meanders
2
Which of the following happens when two oceanic plates collide?
An island arc forms
All of the above
An ocean trench forms
Older denser plate dives beneath the younger less plate
3
As the distance from the mid-ocean ridge increases, the age of the seafloor crust ________
Decreases
is unpredictable
Increases
remains the same
4
The Earth's tectonic plates are located?
within the athenosphere
from Earth's surface to a depth of 100 km
below the crust
only beneath the oceans
5
The planets in our solar system are thought to come from ____________.
Gas clouds in the andromeda galaxy
A supernova explosion flung the planets into our solar system
Clumps of rocky material that exist between stars
Same gas cloud as our sun
6
Oceanic plates dive below continental plates because _____.
they are thicker
They are older
The are soaked with water
They are denser
7
What the most important factor in determining how long a star will live?
Composition
Mass
Temperature
Color
8
What type of river delta is this?
Tide-dominated
River dominated
Current-dominated
Wave-dominated
9
When a planet is closer to the Sun, it moves faster.
True
False
10
The force of an eruption is partly determined by the silica content in the magma
False
True
11
Extrusive igneous rocks contain large crystals
False
True
12
The amount of time it takes for half of the parent material to decay into the daughter material is called?
Radiometric Decay
Half-life
Neutronization
Isotopic reduction
13
What is the thickest layer of the Earth?
Outer Core
Crust
Mantle
Inner Core
14
What type of river delta is this?
River-dominated
Current-dominated
Wave-dominated
Tide-dominated
15
This part of the river is categorized by small channels flowing over steep terrain.
Lower Course
Middle Course
Upper Course
Golf Course
16
The principle of superposition states that in a sequence of rock layers, the uppermost layer is usually ____.
the most dense
Hardest
flattest
Youngest
17
Which of the following statements about EQs are false?
Earthquake faults must reach the surface to do damage
Seismic waves can be felt hundreds of miles away
EQ motion along transform boundaries are predominantly side to side
If one segment of a fault ruptures, adjacent faults may also shift
18
Compared to the lithosphere, the asthenosphere is ...
lower density
cooler
softer and easily deformed
more rigid
19
Which of the following earthquakes will produce the most ground motion
Honshu, Japan
Mexico City, Mexico
San Francisco, USA
Kobe, Japan
20
Which plate boundary has two tectonic plates predominantly moves toward each other?
Divergent
Transform
Convergent
hot spots
21
Igneous Rock A has much larger crystals than igneous rock B. Which is likely to be true?
Rock A cooled more rapidly than rock B
Rock A formed on the surface of the earth
Rock A cooled more slowly than Rock B
Rock B contains smaller elements
22
Which plate boundary is commonly characterized by fault zones?
All of the above
Divergent
Convergent
Transform
23
A earthquakes hypocenter is ...
where the p-waves and S-waves originate
where the rocks move and break
All of the above
located directly below the epicenter
24
A meteor is a visible streak of space debris that impacts the Earth's surface.
False
True
25
Which of the following is NOT a piece of evidence Wegener used to support his theory of continental drift?
Evidence of Glaciation
Fossil and Plant Distribution
Puzzle Piece Continents
Paleomagnetic Data
26
S waves can travel through all states of matter (solid, liquid, gas)
True
False
27
Planets orbiting the Sun follow a path that is _________.
Diagonal
Elliptical
Circular
whimsical
28
This rock formed when molten lava from a volcano cooled down and solidified.
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Igneous
Mineral
29
Earthquakes are associated with which type of plate boundary?
Divergent
Convergent
All of the above
Transform
30
What location on the map is least likely to have an Earthquake?
D
A
C
B
31
A transform boundary occurs where two lithospheric plates are sliding past each other
True
False
32
When a fault slips and releases energy, what happens to this energy?
The energy is carried by seismic waves through the surrounding rock
nothing happens
the energy melts the rock and forms magma
energy is stored within the surrounding rock
33
What structure forms when a river floods and deposits sediment along the riverbank?
Floodway
Flood plain
Delta
Levees
34
This structure forms when a river erodes the outer banks of a river and deposits sediment along the inner bank.
Meanders
Flood Plain
Deltas
Leeves
35
Which of the following is not a documented consequence of a transform fault?
roads need maintenance
primarily up & down motion along the fault
shallow earthquakes
river & fences are offset
36
How do scientists learn about the Earth's interior?
extracting core samples from the Earth
Using optical technologies to study the Earth
By studying seismic waves
Sending probes down into the Earth
37
What type of river delta is this?
meander-dominated
Tide-dominated
wave-dominated
River-dominated
38
Which seismogram is closest to the epicenter of the earthquake?
C
A
B
None
39
Which of the following does NOT happen during radioactive decay?
Radiation is released
The mass of the atom decreases
One type of element change into another element
The amount of parent material increases
40
Kepler's 3rd law of planetary motion describes a relationship between:
Shape of a planet's orbit & location of the sun
Distance from the Sun & time it takes to complete an orbit
A planet's size & velocity
A planet's velocity & shape of its orbit
41
This type of river delta is known for its finger-like form and is also called the bird’s foot delta.
Wave-dominated
Current-dominated
Tide-dominated
River-dominated
42
Volcanic activity is most often associated with divergent and transform boundaries.
False
True
43
What is the epicenter?
The place where the energy from earthquakes begin
The place on the surface where the earthquake begins
The location of where the Earthquake begins
The place directly below the source of the earthquake
44
What type of volcano forms along subduction zones?
Shield volcanoes
Lava domes
Cinder cones
Stratovolcanoes
45
Why are there so many volcanoes located around the Ring of Fire?
There are a lot of earthquakes
This region of the world has a very warm climate
There are many subduction zones found there
Because there is a lot of tectonic plates located there
46
Scientists know about ancient eruptions of Mount Rainer from studying
ice cores
GPS data
All of the above
volcanic deposits
47
What part of a river system does erosion occur the quickest?
Lower Course
Meander Course
Middle Course
Upper Course
48
Contact metamorphism happens when rocks are
altered by pressure
altered by heat from lava
rocks are stretched and pulled
rocks are compressed
49
What statement best describes seismic waves?
P-waves are shear waves and S- waves are compressional waves
Primary waves cause more destruction than other seismic waves
When rocks break and release energy in form of seismic waves
Seismic waves are created when EQs happen under the ocean
50
Shield volcanoes produce high viscosity magma that is also light in color
True
False
51
Scientists use index fossils to ______.
determine the time period which rocks formed
determine the age of igneous rocks
determine the time when the atmosphere formed
determine the chemical composition of rocks
52
Where did all the heavy elements that make up the majority of Earth originate?
Accretion
Supernovas
Meteorites
Big Bang
53
Granite is an example of
Intrusive igneous rock
Metamorphic rock
Clastic sedimentary rock
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
54
Clastic sedimentary rocks are made out of ___.
Organic material
Inorganic material
Peat
Limestone
55
What layer of the Earth is number 3?
Mantle
Crust
Outer Core
Inner Core
56
What is the name of the river structure where smaller rivers flow into larger streams?
Source
Tributaries
Mouth
Distributaries
57
This type of sedimentary rock forms from silt and clay particles?
Peat
Slate
Conglomerate
Limestone
58
What causes an Earthquake?
A sudden release of built-up pressure along faults
All of the above
tectonic plates sliding past each other
Seismic waves knocking
59
Reversed magnetic polarity means that magnetic north is located at geological north.
False
True
60
Which plate boundary creates new oceanic crust?
Transform
Convergent
Divergent
None of the above
61
Most oceanic crust is ________ than most continental crust.
thicker
denser
older
None of the above
62
Regional metamorphism is a process where ____.
rocks are buried and heated by tectonic forces
rocks are pressed together within volcanoes
rocks are heated up by nearby lava
rocks are exposed to the surface
63
Deposition of sediment by running water is likely to occur because ______________.
Water slows down
Water cools down
Water heats up
Water speeds up
64
Where do shield volcanoes typically form?
Hot spots
convergent boundaries
Subduction zones
islands
65
Rocks are classified based primarily on their ______.
method of formation
Texture
mineral composition
crystal or grain size
66
Which of the following is not requirement for a material to be a mineral?
It has a characteristic crystal structure
It is liquid
Naturally forming
It has a specific chemical composition
67
What layer of the Earth is partially made of the crust and mantle material?
asthenosphere
geosphere
lithosphere
Atmosphere
68
What are the final life stages of low mass, Sun-like stars?
Red Giant, Supernova, Blackhole
Blue Supergiant, Supernova, Blackhole
Red Giant, Planetary Nebula, White Dwarf
Red Dwarf, White Dwarf
69
What type of boundary do subduction zones occur along?
Convergent
Divergent
Transform
Parallel
70
Which earthquake would produce the least amount of ground motion?
Anchorage, Alaska
Arauco, Chile
San Francisco, USA
New Madrid, USA
71
Spectroscopy can be used to obtain information about planets because:
They reflect starlight
Spectroscopy cant be used on planets
they have similar compositions as stars
They emit light
72
This portion of a river system is characterized by slower water flow and meanders found in this area.
Lower Course
Upper Course
Partial Course
Middle Course
73
An 8.0 magnitude earthquake is how many times larger than a 6.0 Earthquake?
100
1
10
1000
74
What is the seismic activity in California caused by?
plates moving towards each other and colliding
plates grinding past each other along active faults
volcanic activity
plates moving apart from each other
75
What is the most significant heat source in the Earth's interior today?
Primordial heat
Radioactive Decay
nuclear fission
Solar Radiation
76
Igneous Rock A has much larger crystals than igneous rock B. Which is likely to be true?
Rock A formed on the surface of the earth
Rock A cooled more slowly than Rock B
Rock B contains smaller elements
Rock A cooled more rapidly than rock B
77
What makes the most explosive volcanic eruption?
magma that is at a higher temperature
Magma containing a lot of silica
Magma from a shield volcano
Magma with low viscosity
78
What is the instrument called that measures, detects, and records seismic waves?
chronometers
seismographs
Richter scale
GPS
79
THe Earth changes magnetic polarity at regular intervals.
False
True
80
P-waves can move through all states of matter.
False
True
81
Which of the following increases with depth?
all of the above
temperature
pressure
density
82
If you were looking at a distant solar system, where should you look to find gaseous planets?
Far from the Sun
In regions with little moons
in circular orbits
Close to the Sun
83
What structure forms when sediment rich river meets a larger body of water?
Meanders
Alluvial Fan
Mouth
Delta
84
This type of river delta is shaped by tidal currents and it forms linear structures perpendicular to the shoreline.
River-dominated
Wave-dominated
Tide-dominated
Current-dominated
85
This diagram show a ______.
cindercone eruption
shield volcano eruption
lava dome eruption
stratovolcano eruption
86
The theory of seafloor spreading states that the ocean floor is __________ on either side of mid-ocean ridges
not moving
Moving apart
Sliding past each other
Colliding
87
If rocky debris makes it through our atmosphere and impacts the Earth, it is called?
Meteor
Comet
Meteorite
Asteroid
88
Bathymetric maps reveal that _______ can be found along the ocean floor?
Deep trenches
Long underwater mountain chains
vast, flat plains
all of the above
89
When a river flow faster, what happens?
More erosion occurs
Can carry larger sedimentary particles
All of the above
More sediment can be carried
90
What heat transfer process is similar to boiling water in a pot?
Evaporation
Convection
Conduction
Radiation
91
If you build a structure on loose sediment, it is more likely to suffer more damage from an earthquake.
False
True
92
Which of the following observations is likely to occur with a transform fault?
A mountain forms
A road is broken in two and both sides are at different heights
A round depression area forms and fills with water
the course of a river shifts sideways
93
What would explain why certain areas have high earthquake hazard ratings?
Areas are near active faults
Areas are near places with the most seimographs
Areas are near populated areas
Areas are near the ocean
94
Atoms emit light when electrons move between energy levels
False
True
95
The series of volcanoes and the Hawaiian Islands provide evidence that ____.
All of the above
violent eruptions happen here
The Pacific Plate is moving over a hot spot
The Hawaiian islands are moving across a subduction zone
96
What role does water play in creating magma?
Water is released from the slab, causes mantle material to partially melt
Water causes the mantle material to rise due to changes in pressure
Water causes earthquakes to happen
Water causes subducting slab to become buoyant
97
Which of the following determines the speed of a river?
Width of a river
Depth of a river
Amount of sediment in the river
Steepness of the land surface
98
If a radioactive isotope has undergone two half-lifes, what percentage of the original isotope remains?
50%
6.25%
25%
12.5%
99
The type of sedimentary rocks that forms depends on what factor?
Compaction
Porosity
Particle size
Cementation
100
Which orbit has the highest eccentricity
4
1
3
2
101
How do stratovolcanoes form?
None of the above
Hot rock fragments weld together creating the rigid cone shape
Uplifting fro the collision of the two tectonic plates
Low viscosity magma creates stackable layers
102
Volcanoes, rift zones, and earthquakes are characteristics that describe what type of plate boundary?
Divergent Boundary
Transform Boundary
Hot spots
Convergent Boundary
103
What was the one aspect Wegener's theory of continental drift could NOT explain?
what caused the continents to move
How ocean trenches formed
How mountain ranges were created
what caused the climate to change
104
A rift valley is evidence of what kind of plate boundary?
transform
Divergent
Convergent
fault
105
A star begins to shine when _____________ occurs
Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear Fission
Rotation
Accretion
106
How do scientists map the ocean floor?
Detecting changes in paleomagnetic data on the seafloor
Using a large measuring stick
Taking pictures of the ocean floor
Using sound waves
107
This part of a river tends to be flowing the slowest and creates many distributaries.
Lower Course
Middle Course
Upper Course
Regional Course
108
Meteorites can be used to find the age of the solar system because the contain _________.
Dust particles
Rocks similar to those on Earth
Radioactive elements
Ice
109
The crust is apart of the ...
Lithosphere
asthenosphere
Mantle
Outer Core
110
Its estimated that the Big Bang occurred about _____________ years ago.
10 billion
8 billion
1 billion
13 billion
111
Which part of a river system experiences the greatest amount of deposition?
Middle Course
Lower Course
Bottom COurse
Upper Course
112
Mars appear red to us because it _______ red light better than all other colors.
Absorbs
Reflects
Emits
Refracts
113
Which of the following does not indicate that an eruption will happen soon.
increase in snow accumulation
uplifting of the surface of the volcano
Recurring earthquakes in the vicinity
Changes in gas emissions from the volcano

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