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Test #3 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Test #3 Review
Test #3 Review
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Operant and classical conditioning, learning, intelligence, motivation, and emotions
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1
We have a biological foundation for our personality traits.
Evolutionary-Biological personality theory
Humanistic - Positive personality theory
Psychoanalytic personality theory
Social-Cognitive personality theory
2
What happens to behavior that is reinforced?
strengthens
goes extinct
shows up less frequently
weakens
3
Conditioning is just another word for a simple form of _____
reflex
involuntary behavior
voluntary behavior
learning
4
Ancient or archaic images that result from common ancestral experiences.
archetype
id
repression
sublimation
5
Which of the following is an example of a primary reinforcer?
money
candy
first place ribbon
grades in school
6
Which of the following scientists would be classified as a behaviorist?
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
B. F. Skinner
Carl Rogers
7
In Pavlov's experiment with dogs, what was the unconditioned response?
salivating to the food
electric shock
the ringing of the bell
food
8
What type of behavior is the process of classical conditioning based upon?
involuntary
voluntary
choice
complex learning
9
Physical changes that accompany emotions produce the subjective emotional experience
Maslow's hierarchy of emotions
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
James-Lange theory of emotion
Ekman's theory of emotion
10
A person's behavior changes in different situations.
Humanistic - Positive personality theory
Social-Cognitive personality theory
Evolutionary-Biological personality theory
Psychoanalytic personality theory
11
Which of the following scientists is closely associated with classical conditioning?
Albert Bandura
Ivan Pavlov
B. F. Skinner
E. L. Thorndike
12
Which schedule of reinforcement results in the most persistent behavior?
discriminant
nondiscriminant
variable
fixed
13
Spearman argued that intelligence could be boiled down to one ability known as
x
s
g
i
14
Genetic factors account for about what percentage of variability in intelligence?
50%
40%
75%
30%
15
We feel emotions and experience physiological reactions simultaneously.
Ekman's theory of emotion
Maslow's hierarchy of emotions
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
James-Lange theory of emotion
16
Sue was born with three rather than two number 21 chromosomes. Her intellectual disability is
Asperger's syndrome
Down syndrome
Fragile X syndrome
Edward's syndrome
17
Motivation comes from human needs in a hierarchical manner from the lower to the higher order.
instinct theory of motivation
drive-reduction theory of motivation
self-actualization
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
18
An example of crystallized intelligence is
learning how to put together an engine
memorizing the multiplication tables
all of the above
learning to locate all the countries in Europe on a map
19
An example of fluid intelligence is
knowing how to put together an engine
solving a problem in a factory assembly line
being able to locate all seven continents on a map
learning the multiplication tables
20
When little Albert became afraid of all things white and furry, we say that he was ______
generalizing
discriminating
showing an unconditioned response
becoming extinct
21
Which of the following is
not
a key idea in Alfred Adler's theory of personality?
birth order
inferiority complex
striving for superiority
collective unconscious
22
Which of the following refers to test “fairness?”
Applying test results in an impartial way
Ensuring that tests have a high internal reliability
Ensuring that tests measure intelligence & not anything else
Ascertaining that test scores predict real-world outcomes
23
In operant conditioning the ___________ are the key to learning.
behavioral errors
role models
consequences
antecedents
24
The heritability of most basic personality traits is approximately __________.
75 to 95 %
10 to 20 %
40 to 60 %
25 to 35 %
25
The theory of intelligence that includes three dimensions including narrow, broad, and general.
Sternberg's triarchic theory
Spearman's g
Cattell-Horn-Carroll
Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
26
Gamblers who insert coins in a slot machine are reinforced on a _______ schedule.
variable ratio
variable interval
fixed interval
fixed ratio
27
Which of the following is a personality trait that is
not
seen in cultures all over the world?
neuroticism
conscientiousness
agreeableness
interpersonal relatedness
28
Intelligence predicts real-world success from 3 areas analytical, creative, and practical.
Spearman's g
Sternberg's triarchic theory
Cattell-Horn-Carroll
Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
29
Operant conditioning comes from the _____________ viewpoint of behavior.
behavioral
psychodynamic
humanistic
cognitive
30
In Pavlov's experiment with dogs, what was the unconditioned stimulus?
salivating to the bell
food
sound of footsteps
ringing of a bell
31
facial expressions & physical changes of emotion are universal; emotion regulation is cultural
James-Lange theory of emotion
Cannon-Bard theory of emotion
Ekman's theory of emotion
Maslow's hierarchy of emotions
32
The theory that classifies intelligence into eight broad independent abilities.
Sternberg's triarchic theory
Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences
Spearman's g
Cattell-Horn-Carroll
33
TRUE or FALSE: Negative reinforcement strengthens the targeted behavior.
FALSE
TRUE
34
What is an unconscious strategy used by the mind to protect itself?
id
defense mechanism
inferiority complex
ego
35
The root of all
motivations
is the
motivation
to survive.
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
drive-reduction theory of motivation
instinct theory of motivation
self-actualization
36
A physical need creates a tension state that motivates an organism to achieve homeostasis.
drive-reduction theory of motivation
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
self-actualization
instinct theory of motivation
37
What type of behavior is operant conditioning based upon?
extinct
involuntary
voluntary
learned
38
A test is said to have construct validity when:
the test yields the same results from 2 different times
the test yields the same results from 2 different people
it measures the concept it claims to measure
the construct is related to real-world consequences
39
95% of people who take the Wechsler IQ tests score between
55 and 145
85 and 115
90 and 105
70 and 130
40
the realization of one's potentialities; considered as a need present in everyone
self-actualization
instinct theory of motivation
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
drive-reduction theory of motivation
41
Which of the following is an example of a secondary reinforcer?
water
money
food
pain
42
A test is said to have predictive validity when:
the construct is clear and concise
the construct is related to real-world consequences
the test yields the same results from 2 different people
the test yields the same results from 2 different times
43
Reinforcing "baby steps" toward a desired complex behavior is the basic principle behind ____
extinction
classical conditioning
operant conditioning
shaping
44
Strive toward growth and fulfillment through unconditional positive regard.
Humanistic - Positive personality theory
Social-Cognitive personality theory
Evolutionary-Biological personality theory
Psychoanalytic personality theory
45
Our personality resides in the unconscious and early childhood experiences.
Humanistic - Positive personality theory
Psychoanalytic personality theory
Social-Cognitive personality theory
Evolutionary-Biological personality theory
46
Guilford’s Alternate Uses test measures which of the following characteristics?
analytic, practical, and creative
openness to experience, unconventionality, and creativity
fluency, flexibility, and originality
convergent thinking, divergent thinking, and originality
47
A test is said to have test-retest reliability when:
the construct is related to real-world consequences
the construct is clear and concise
the test yields the same results from 2 different people
the test yields the same results from 2 different times
48
Choosing to buy one brand of peanut butter over another because its taste is called _______.
generalization
following your role model
shaping
discrimination
49
According to Freud, the part of the mind that is the seat of impulse and desire.
id
superego
ego
archetype
50
According to Freud the part of the mind which operates on the "reality principle".
ego
superego
id
reaction formation
51
Mirror neurons are
involved in fear response
a form of cognitive maps
involved in social learning
an example of negative punishment
