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Cognitive Psych - Exam 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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Cognitive Psych - Exam 1
Cognitive Psych - Exam 1
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1
The probability of an outcome is determined by the prior probability and the likelihood of the outcome, is called:
Law of physics
Scene schema
Bayesian inference
Law of Pragnanz
2
How much information a person can handle at any given moment, refers to:
Task difficulty
Attentional focus
Processing capacity
Perceptual load
3
The principle that every stimulus pattern is seen so the resulting structure is as simple as possible:
Law of Pragnanz
Principle of proximity
Principle of similarity
Principle of good continuation
4
Transitional probabilities are:
Creating a sentence from a series of spoken words
Knowing which sound will likely follow another in a word
Ignoring the spaces between the spoken words of a sentence
The ability to tell when one word ends and another begins
5
Which theory explains how an object’s features become bound together?
Treisman’s attenuation model
Broadbent’s feature model
The stroop test
Treisman’s feature integration theory
6
The ability to be looking at a fully visible object & not see it due to your attention be focused elsewhere is known as:
Change blindness
Affect blindness
Difference blindness
Inattention blindness
7
The Little Albert experiment, conducted by Watson, was aimed at examining:
How children learn language
How the structure of the mind is composed
What long term memory is composed of
How paring one stimulus with another affected behavior
8
We perceive the world that is most likely based on our past experiences is called
The likelihood principle
Scene schema principle
The winner principle
Perceptual principle
9
Donder’s simple reaction time experiment was meant to study:
How long it takes someone to see a stimulus
How long it takes someone to make a decision
The interval b/w stimulus presentation & a person’s response to a stimulus
The interval b/w pressing a key & the computer registering the response
10
Cognitive psychology is defined as:
The scientific study of perception
The scientific study of attention
The scientific study of behavior
The scientific study of the mind
11
Who believed that they could describe different components of experience by using analytic introspection?
Tulving
Wundt
Watson
Chomsky
12
Feature detectors are the idea that:
Neurons fire only to specific quantities of stimuli
Neurons fire only a little when they are slightly stimulated
Neurons fire only to specific qualities of stimuli
Neurons fire to everything
13
Treisman’s attenuation model has two stages, which are the:
Sensory memory & Filter
Attenuator & Detector
Attenuator & Dictionary unit
Filter & Detector
14
The representation of a stimulus by the pattern of firing of a large number of neurons is called:
Specificity coding
Sample coding
Population coding
Sparse coding
15
The processes of people actively constructing perceptions using information based on expectations, is called:
Bottom up processing
Serial processing
Top down processing
Gestalt processing
16
Which of the following is NOT a reason why machine can’t perceive like humans:
The inverse projection problem
Objects can be hidden or blurred
All of them are reasons
Objects look different from different viewpoints
17
Learning a list of nonsense syllables, taking a short break, and then relearning the list later, was interested in:
The nature of language
The nature of reaction time
The nature of memory and forgetting
The nature of learning
18
When perception comes from stimuli in the environment, that is known as
Bottom- up processing
Top- down processing
Inferences
Left-right processing
19
Slow, labored, ungrammatical speech can result from:
Damage to the neurons
Damage to the fusiform face area
Broca’s aphasia
Wernicke’s aphasia
20
Cherry's experiment where participants listened to two different messages, one presented to each ear, found that people
Could not focus on a message presented to only one ear
Could focus on a message only if they rehearsed it
Could focus on one message and the ignore the other one at the same time
Could focus on a message only if they are repeating it
21
A study that measures how fast you press the X key when shown a square and the M key when shown a circle demonstrates a:
Choice reaction time task
Classical conditioning task
Sensory memory task
Simple reaction time task
22
What does the part of the neuron called the axon do:
Contains mechanisms to keep the cell alive
Break down electrical signals that are not needed
Transmits electrical signals to other neurons
Receive information from other neurons
23
Shifting attention while keeping the eyes still is called:
Fixation
Covert attention
Fovea
Overt attention
24
Where do neurons communicate with one another?
The axon
The dendrites
The receptors
The synapse
25
The old belief that neurons are interconnected and continuous was called a:
Nerve net
Neuron doctrine
Highway system
Nervous system