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1
which of these are used in applications where processing uses off-the shelf software on the client?
three tier with thin client
two tier with fat clients
three-tier
two-tier with thin client
2
what form of verification involves running the code using input data to test it out?
static
dynamic
3
what form of testing is such that future tests also test previous test cases again?
verification testing
regression testing
cluster testing
validation testing
4
on a collaboration diagram, which constraints show creation, deletion, and both at the same time, respectively
{create}, {delete}, {both}
{+},{-},{+-}
{new}, {destroyed}, {transit}
none of them
5
which cohesion represents where each part of a component is necessary for the execution of a single function?
functional cohesion
logical association
sequential cohesion
communicational cohesion
6
in white-box testing, what are the test cases based on?
system specification
user requirements
client feedback
program structure (source code)
7
what models show the process structure of the system?
interface models
relationship models
dynamic process models
static structural models
8
what process is used by social scientists to observe and analyse people actually working?
psychiatry
usability testing
none of them
ethnography
9
what's the duration and slack of this task?
duration = 8, slack = 16
duration = 16, slack = 8
duration = 22, slack = 8
duration = 22, slack = 16
10
what is the name of the state where no transition is enabled?
reachable state
current state
deadlock
None of them
11
should integration testing be black-box or white-box testing?
white box
black box
12
modularity cannot bring benefits unless the modules are what?
automatic, concurrent and stable
autonomous, coherent and robust
None of them
automatic, concurrent and robust
13
what does the vertical dimension on a sequence diagram represent?
coupling
resources
time
objects
14
which of these these models define data flow models?
static structural models
interface models
dynamic process models
relationship models
15
what models define sub-system interfaces?
static structural models
interface models
relationship models
dynamic process models
16
which of these words is used for mandatory requirements?
should
could
will
shall
17
what's used to gather information about the proposed and existing system, in order to make user and system requirements?
requirements discovery
none of them
requirements elicitation
feasability study
18
which of these are used in large scale applications with a lot of clients?
three tier with thin client
three-tier
two-tier with thin client
two tier with fat clients
19
what models show the major system components?
relationship models
interface models
dynamic process models
static structural models
20
which formal method approach describes when the system is specified in terms of its operations and relationships?
model-based approach
mathematical approach
algebraic approach
operational approach
21
which cohesion represents the output for one part of a component being the input to another part?
communicational cohesion
logical association
sequential cohesion
coincidental cohesion
22
what form of verification describes analysing the code when it's not running, to discover problems?
static
dynamic
23
when is a transition enabled?
each input place contains tokens corresponding to arc weight
each input place contains at least 1 token, regardless of arc weight
at least 1 input place contains tokens
at least 2 input places contain tokens
24
what are the interviews where a pre-defined set of questions are answered?
proprietary interview
closed interview
all of them
open interview
25
what models are used to illustrate the boundaries of a system?
data processing model
context model
composition model
classification model
26
what is it called when 2 transitions fight for the same token?
deadlock
conflict
non-determinism
jimmiesonberg
27
in the agile methodology, what's the order in which the test and target code are developed?
target code developed before test
test is developed before target code
both developed at the same time
28
which criterion of modularity leads to small changes in the spec only resulting in changes of a small number of modules?
modular continuity
modular decomposability
modular protection
modular understandability
29
which cohesion represents components which are activated at the same time being grouped?
temporal cohesion
logical association
coincidental cohesion
communicational cohesion
30
what does the horizontal dimension on a sequence diagram represent?
resources
time
objects
coupling
31
what three things do objects have, that define what an "object" is?
functionality, methods and attributes
behaviour, attributes and signatures
instancing, methods and attributes
behaviour, state and identity
32
how do objects communicate?
information passing
none of them
parameter passing
message passing
33
what form of testing is concerned with integrating and testing clusters of cooperating objects?
validation testing
regression testing
integration testing
cluster testing
34
transitions are a)_____ components and tokens are b)______ components
a) active, b) passive
a) passive, b) active
35
which requirements engineering process is used to find out how to classify, prioritise and negotiate requirements?
requirements elicitation
requirements analysis
requirements validation
requirements management
36
what models show the flow of information from one process to another?
data processing model
data flow model
composition model
classification model
37
which criterion of modularity encourages the development of modules that are easily understandable?
modular continuity
modular protection
modular understandability
modular composability
38
which stage of the software process should V&V be applied?
last stage
middle stage
first stage
each stage
39
what models are used to show the system and its relationship with other systems?
data processing model
classification model
context model
architectural model
40
which of these are used to show the behaviour of systems in response to external or internal events?
data model
petri-nets
statechart diagram
data flow model
41
If methods have the same name, at runtime the compiler chooses the method based on the object's base type. What's this?
instantiation
dynamic binding
polymorphism
encapsulation
42
what does this open diamond notation in the image below signify?
extension
inclusion
aggregation
composition
43
what is the name of the state reachable from the current state, by firing a sequence of transitions?
None of them
reachable state
current state
deadlock
44
does this describe functional, non-functional requirements or domain requirements?
non-functional
domain
functional
45
what does this filled diamond notation in the image below signify?
aggregation
inclusion
extension
composition
46
in black-box testing, what are the test cases based on?
user requirements
program structure (source code)
client feedback
system specification
47
what does it mean if a class has too many responsibilities on a CRC card?
low coupling
low cohesion
high coupling
high cohesion
48
what's the name given to software that manages and supports the components of a distributed system?
middleware
bloatware
intermediary program
central software
49
what is at the top of a CRC card?
name of class
methods of class
collaborators of class
responsibilities of class
50
how do you calculate the cyclomatic complexity of a program?
number of conditions - 1
number of conditions - 2
number of conditions + 2
number of conditions + 1
51
what is the name of the state (also called current marking), which is the current configuration of tokens over places?
reachable state
None of them
deadlock
current state
52
which model refers to how all shared data is held in a central database which may be accessed by all sub-systems?
database model
storage model
repository model
sub-system model
53
does this describe functional, non-functional requirements or domain requirements?
non-functional
functional
domain
54
which of these are examples of hard security?
permissions
hashing
all of them
encryption
55
what are Abstract State Machine Language (AsML) models used for?
modelling structure and behaviour of digital systems
none of them
modelling behaviour of digital systems
modelling structure of digital systems
56
what is at the left hand side of a CRC card?
collaborators of class
name of class
responsibilities of class
methods of class
57
what other systems are petri nets used for?
None of them
deterministic systems
systems with resource sharing
systems that act independently
58
petri nets are non-deterministic
False
True
59
which cohesion represents parts of a component being bundled together?
temporal cohesion
communicational cohesion
logical association
coincidental cohesion
60
which of these can be used to classify stakeholders?
user requirements
functional requirements
requirements
viewpoints
61
what is the main area of applicability of formal methods?
critical systems
parallel architecture
operating systems
yer mum
62
what is cyclomatic complexity?
number of tests to test all control statements
the amount of statements in a flow graph
the number of nodes in a flow graph
the amount of loops contained in a flow graph
63
the cohesion where each operation provides functionality which allows object attributes to be modified or inspected is?
communicational cohesion
functional cohesion
sequential cohesion
object cohesion
64
which of these systems are petri-nets used for?
parallel systems
distributed systems
all of them
concurrent systems
65
which criterion of modularity is such that abnormal conditions during run-time only affects one (or very few) modules?
modular composability
modular continuity
modular understandability
modular protection
66
which of these are examples of soft security?
permissions
encryption
hashing
all of them
67
which one out of verification or validation, determines that the software should do what the user requires?
verification
validation
68
which requirements engineering process is used to find out the services the end-user requires of the system?
requirements elicitation
requirements management
requirements validation
requirements analysis
69
what is the thin-client model?
None of them
server is only response for application processing
all application processing and data management is carried out on server
server is only responsible for data management
70
which of these are used in computationally intensive applications with no separation of data and application management?
two tier with fat clients
three-tier
two-tier with thin client
three tier with thin client
71
what is the term for the measure of strength of interconnections between system components?
stability
robustness
bonding
coupling
72
what is the state of this petri net?
(1, 2, 1, 2)
(1, 2, 1, 1)
(1, 2, 2, 2)
(1, 1, 2, 1)
73
what does requirements engineering establish?
none of them
services that are required from the system
both the services and the constraints
constraints under which the system operates and is developed from
74
what does it mean if a class has too many collaborators on a CRC card?
high cohesion
low cohesion
low coupling
high coupling
75
how does integration testing work?
tests complete systems or subsystems composed of integrated components
none of them
simulates real-world scenarios to test how the app operates
breaks down application into components and tests each component separately
76
what are the interviews with no predefined agenda, where a range of issues are explored?
closed interview
open interview
proprietary interview
all of them
77
which form of coupling implies that if any 2 modules communicate, they should exchange as little info as possible?
inter-coupling
loose coupling
none of them
micro-coupling
78
which formal method approach describes when the system is specified using a state model?
algebraic approach
model-based approach
mathematical approach
operational approach
79
system models do NOT model non-functional system requirements
False
True
80
who are user requirements written for?
developers
clients and contractors
customers
all of them
81
which requirements engineering process is used to find out whether the proposed system does what the users require?
requirements analysis
requirements management
requirements elicitation
requirements validation
82
which of these describes firing?
non-deterministic
deterministic
None oft hem
atomic
83
who are system requirements written for?
developers
all of them
clients and contractors
customers
84
clients and servers are _______ processes
physical
logical
middleware
intermediary
85
what is the fat-client model?
server is only responsible for data management
client is only response for running presentation software
all application processing and data management is carried out on server
server is only response for application processing
86
does this describe functional, non-functional requirements or domain requirements?
domain
non-functional
functional
87
how do you calculate the cyclomatic complexity of a flow graph?
number of edges + number of nodes + 2
number of edges - number of nodes + 2
number of edges + number of nodes - 2
number of edges - number of nodes - 2
88
which one out of verification or validation, determines that the software should conform to its specification?
verification
validation
89
which cohesion represents all elements of a component operating on the same input or produce the same output?
functional cohesion
sequential cohesion
logical association
communicational cohesion
90
which cohesion represents components which perform similar functions grouped?
coincidental cohesion
temporal cohesion
communicational cohesion
logical association
91
how do you find the minimal time to finish on an activity network?
length of paths with no dependencies
length of shortest path
length of milestone paths
length of longest path
92
what should the multiplicity at the whole end (end with the diamond) of a composition association be?
1*
0..1
1 or 0..1
1* or 0..1
93
what's used to decide whether or not the proposed system is worthwhile?
feasability elicitation
probability study
probability distribution
feasability study
94
which software lifecycle model do critical systems follow?
waterfall model
bro i cba
spiral model
Extreme programming model
95
are OOP systems loosely coupled or tightly coupled?
tightly coupled
loosely coupled
96
which of these words is used for desirable requirements?
could
will
should
shall
97
which of these are NOT appropriate for bottom up-testing?
systems with strict performance requirements
real-time systems
OOP systems
modular systems
98
what is at the right hand side of a CRC card?
methods of class
collaborators of class
responsibilities of class
name of class
99
in software design, you want a)______ to be as weak as possible and b)_______ to be as strong as possible
a) coupling, b) cohesion
a) cohesion, b) coupling
a) association, b) interfacing
a) interfacing, b) association
