Review of Deviance

Breaking social norms and values refers to what?

Deviant behaviors are those that violate social norms.

Stealing is an example of internal social control:

Norms are expectations of appropriate conduct that serve as the basis of all social interactions.

The orientation recognizing that what is considered deviance varies across cultures and throughout history is called

Who suggests Gender Socialization as an explanation for high offending rates amongst males

Primary socialization occurs mainly in late childhood and adolescence.

Anomie: a social condition in which norms are weak, conflicting, or absent

Deviant: a person who breaks significant societal or group norms

Deviance is a fixed concept.

Hirschi's four aspects of social control theory are attachments, involvements, commitments, and _______________. 

A smile or praise constitutes a form of informal social control.

Gossip is an example of a formal social sanction.

Control Theory: theory that deviance is more likely to occur when a gap exists between cultural goals and the ability

Social Sanctions: ways to encourage conformity to society's norms

Negative Deviance: involves behavior that underconforms to accepeted norms

Society’s effort to bring those who “step outside the lines” back into line is referred to as:

Conflict theorists believe that deviance is:

Deviance can be positive or negative.

The process by which an individuals behaviour changes from being controlled externally to controlled internally.

Psychologists and sociologists explain the development of conscience through socialization processes.

Labeling Theory: theory that society creates deviance by identifying particular members as deviant

Strain Theory: theory that society creates deviance by identifying particular members as deviant

Religious institutions are generally classified as ideological agents of social control.

Which of the following factors is NOT a factor of deviance?

Beckert argued that some people are seen as deviants but others are not. He said that it's all in our reaction.

Secondary deviance is caused by:

There is less reliance on formal social control in societies with little stratification.

Which is an informal social control mechanism?  

Differential Association Theory: theory that individuals learn deviance in proportion to number of deviant acts they