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Earth Science Mega Quiz Review
Earth Science Mega Quiz Review
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1
What causes deep currents?
waves
global winds
tides
density differences
2
Which object is brightest?
meteor
core
asteroid
meteorite
3
The lithosphere consists of...
the outer and inner core.
the crust and the entire mantle.
the crust, mantle, and core.
the crust and upper mantle.
4
Which area will absorb the most solar energy?
water that sunlight hits at a 90 degree angle.
land that sunlight hits at a 25 degree angle
water that sunlight hits at a 40 degree angle.
land that sunlight hits at a 40 degree angle
5
Where does most evaporation occur?
over oceans
underground
over mountains
in flat areas
6
Which planet is farthest from the sun?
Mars
Jupiter
Neptune
Saturn
7
What season is it in the south pole in december
summer
fall
spring
winter
8
The asthenosphere is a layer of...
hard rock in the core.
hard rock in the mantle.
hot, soft rock in the crust.
hot, soft rock in the mantle.
9
The progression of evaporation, condensation, and precipitation is called the...
changes of seasons
weather
water cycle
water system
10
From a viewing position above the North Pole, the Moon orbits Earth
from south to north
from north to south
from east to west
from west to east
11
What is wind?
movement of air above warm water
air flow from high to low pressure
air flow from upper altitudes to lower altitudes
movement of air during precipitation
12
Where would you find salt water?
a large lake like lake superior
a sea
in coastal rain
an alphine glacier
13
What is the primary cause of tides?
Earth's tilt on its axis
the Sun's mass
the Moon's gravitational pull
Earth's center of gravity
14
You complete 5 kilometers of a 10-kilometer race. What percent of the race have you finished?
half
5/10
0.50
50%
15
Rising warm air creates...
a cold front
clear skies
low pressure
dense air
16
Why is it good to have different hypotheses to explain an observation?
It reminds people that no results are ever totally reliable.
There is more for scientists to do.
Testing the hypotheses involves people with different views.
It makes it possible to reject hypotheses aren't supported.
17
A reasonable hypothesis is one that...
is proven correct.
challenges known facts.
can be tested
does not conflict with common beliefs.
18
Newscasters often refer to a hurricane's rain bands. Where are these likely to be?
in the eye of the hurricane
above the eye wall
in the spiral arms of the storm
at lower altitudes, near the ocean surface
19
The force of air molecules on an area is called...
vertical wind.
low pressure.
air pressure.
high pressure.
20
Which tool would you use to examine the crystal structure of a mineral?
graduated cylinder
test tube
telescope
microscope
21
Wear safety goggles..
when heating a sample in the laboratory.
when chipping rock samples out of a cliff.
when working with chemicals.
in all of the above situations.
22
The sound of thunder is the result of...
heavy precipitation.
lightning
cloud collisions.
electrical charges in heavy rain.
23
The best way to view the Sun is...
through a camera.
with sunglasses.
indirectly.
with safety goggles.
24
During summer in Georgia, the Sun's daily path is farther ___________ than it is in winter.
west
south
east
north
25
In contrast to global winds, air in thunderstorms move...
vertically.
in a circular pattern.
quickly.
horizontally.
26
In what phase of the Moon can a solar eclipse occur?
third quarter
full
waxing gibbous
new
27
Earth's inner core consists of...
cool rock.
liquid metals.
soft, tarlike rock.
solid metals.
28
Which step relates specifically to preparing a written report?
practicing speaking clearly
listing the material you used
describing the purpose of your investigation
proofreading your work for errors
29
Why didn't scientists all accept Wegener's hypothesis?
The hypothesis did not explain earthquakes.
Wegener could not explain how continental drifting occurred.
They thought to fit of the continents was a coincidence.
Wegener was not a geologist.
30
Which information should appear in the procedures section of your scientific report?
a summary of what the experiment showed
the results of your investigation
a discussion of background information
an outline of steps in your experiment
31
Considering different rates of heat absorption, where will it be warmest in winter?
in a Rocky Mountain valley
near the South Carolina coast
in central Tennessee
near the Mississippi River
32
What causes surface currents?
near-shore wave energy
Earth's spin
wind caused by uneven heating of the surface
underwater earthquakes
33
Stars appear to move in...
annual patterns.
daily paths.
an easterly direction.
relation to the sun.
34
Which of the following questions would best lead to a reasonable hypothesis?
Do plants grow faster under natural or artificial light?
Why do people like chocolate?
How many atoms are there in the universe?
How did different kinds of rocks get their names?
35
Which terrestrial planet has a larger diameter than Earth's?
none: Earth is the largest terrestrial planet.
Mars
Mercury
Venus
36
Which planet is a gas giant?
Mars
Venus
Mercury
Saturn
37
Who first thought of the Sun-centered solar system?
Muslim mathematicans
scientists investigating microwave radiation
Ancient Indians and Greeks
Nicolaus Copernicus
38
When a hurricane near the Georgia coast, which way is it travelling?
south to north
west to east
north to south
east to west
39
Where in the ocean does crust form?
continental shelf
volcano
trench
mid-ocean ridge
40
How often does the Sun light half of the Moon's surface?
all the time
once a month
twice a day
weekly
41
At sunset where are you in relation to the sun?
south of it
north of it
east of it
west of it
42
What do trenches tell us?
Crust is destroyed as well as made.
Continents nay be on top of oceans.
Over billions of years, tectonic plates pile on each other.
Tectonic plates cannot grow larger.
43
What percent of Earth's surface is land?
50
10
about 70
about 30
44
Which air movements causes tornadoes?
counterclockwise twists
updrafts and downdrafts
global winds
local winds
45
How do living things in the ocean get oxygen?
from hydrothermal vents
from trench upwelling
from gases dissolved in the water
from the air
46
Thunderstorms form in...
tornadoes.
high-pressure areas.
clear skies.
cumulus clouds.
47
Dispose of materials in the laboratory...
by burning them completely.
down the drain.
as your teacher directs you do.
in the trash.
48
Where water evaporates from an ocean, it...
changes to a solid
changes to a gas
changes to a liquid
dries out
49
Where is most of Earth's freshwater?
glaciers
underground
atmosphere
lakes and rivers
50
What happens when water vapor condenses?
it turns to ice
it turns from a vapor into a liquid
it leaves the liquid state and becomes a cloud.
it turns from a solid to a flowing liquid
51
A hypothesis is a...
tentative explanation for an observation.
theory about the natural world.
proven explanation for a set of scientific experiment.
the answer to a scientific experiment.
52
A light-year is a unit of...
intensity
brightness
distance
time
53
What word describes a Moon that is about to turn new?
waning
gibbous
full
dark
54
If you are not sure how to complete a lab procedure,
ask the teacher.
research the procedure using the library or the internet.
discuss the procedure with a partner.
don't do anything at all.
55
What metric unit would you use to express the distance from a road to the top of a cliff?
meter
liter
kilogram
gram
56
How can the moon blot out most of the sun during a solar eclipse
The moon absorbs the light that would otherwise reach Earth.
It is closer to the Earth and appears larger than the sun.
It is farther to the sun and appears larger than the sun.
It is flattened out
57
Which physical property or force makes planets orbit the Sun?
energy.
distance.
gravity.
speed.
58
What metric unit would you use to express the volume of water in a pond?
gram
kilogram
liter
meter
59
At which average temperature would an air mass most likely have the lowest pressure?
14°C
0°C
20°C
37°C
60
How often does a new Moon come?
every three weeks
four times a year
weekly
around every four weeks
61
What makes moisture evaporate over oceans?
energy from the sun
counterclockwise winds
developing storms
high-pressure systems
62
If you were investigating the composition of a soil sample, which tool would be most useful?
binoculars
thermometer
telescope
forceps
63
Why do scientists emphasize honesty?
to be sure data they share are valid.
to form important questions.
to encourage skepticism.
to weed out unethical people.
64
What shape is the Milky Way?
spherical
irregular
elliptical
spiral
65
What evidence did Wegener's hypothesis of continental drift explain?
formation of oceans
volcanoes
mid-ocean ridges
fit of the continents
66
What causes ocean waves?
surface currents
tides
deep currents
winds
67
What is the name of the model with the Sun in its center?
Big Bang
heliocentric
galactic expansion
geocentric
68
What brought new evidence about oceans to light?
ocean-exploration technology
scientists smarter than Wegener
a major continental breakup in the 1950s
some newly discovered fossils
69
How does water get into the ground?
the pressure of glaciers melts the top layer of soil.
permeable soil lets it seep in.
hard rain forces it in
rivers deposit it
70
A strong scientific theory...
all of the above.
is based on a large accumulation of hypotheses.
does not have to change with new evidence.
is consistent with all available evidence.
71
Global winds...
cluster near the equator.
have horizontal and vertical components.
can travel thousands of kilometers.
move slowly.
72
Which tool would you use to measure the mass of a bird's egg?
spring scale
calculator
microscope
balance
73
Which information should appear in the introduction to your scientific report?
a statement of the hypothesis
a list of sources
a graph of the results
a list of equipment you used
74
What substance makes up most of the core?
steam
gas
iron
ice
75
Where is a hurricane most likely to develop?
in a high-pressure system over land
in a low-pressure system over the ocean
in a low-pressure system over land
in a high-pressure system over land
76
Which belongs in the results section of your report?
a restatement of the hypothesis
a bibliography
a statement of the investigation
charts of graphs of data
77
Which moves matter, not energy?
surface currents
breaking wave
a deep-water wave
solar radiation
78
Which structure is the smallest?
galaxy
solar system
Milky Way
universe
79
Which moves energy, not matter?
deep current
surface current
breaking wave
wind
80
If you take a class field trip to the beach, watch out for...
falling rock.
slippery walking surfaces.
deep water.
an open flame.
81
Which of the following best explains why a tall, steep mountain is younger than a rounded one?
the known processes of erosion
an inference about slope angle
a model of the early Earth
knowledge of how sediment forms
82
Why isn't Pluto considered a planet?
Scientists changed the definition of a planet.
It is not at all like other planets.
It has grown smaller.
Its orbit is to irregular.
83
In Earth's interior, which of the following increases with increasing depth?
density
temperature
all of the above
pressure
84
Which two factors determine the force of gravity between objects?
distance and shape
weight and velocity
mass and distance
shape and mass
85
Why do most astronomers accept the Big Bang theory?
It is consistent with the heliocentric model.
Many experiments prove it.
It is consistent with all the current evidence.
It just makes sense.
86
In what phase of the Moon can a lunar eclipse occur?
third quarter
new
waxing gibbous
full
87
What makes a meteor shower predictable?
the density of Earth's atmosphere
a comet's orbit
meteoroid mass and diameter
Earth's seasons
88
What is the center of the solar system?
A galactic disk
Gas and dust
Orbiting planets
A star
89
Which tool would you use to find the weight of an orange?
forceps
graduated cylinder
spring scale
balance
90
What is an aquifer?
the center of an ice sheet
a layer of permeable material that holds water
a cavern w/ fresh water
a wetland
91
The first day of fall in Georgia is the...
winter equinox
autumn solstice
winter solstice
autumn equinox
92
Comparing rates of heat loss, where will it be coldest in winter?
near the Mississippi River
on a Caribbean island
on the New England coast
in central Oklahoma
93
Why does the sun rise in the east?
because it sets in the west
because earth rotates west to east
because earth orbits clockwise
because of it's position relative to earth
94
A scientific theory...
is just a guess.
cannot be disproven.
is really a fact.
changes with new evidence.
95
Which of the following is a part of a hypothesis?
an inference
a prediction
a summary
a conclusion
96
An object's center of mass is
a concept, not a reality.
shape and mass
its density.
its axis.
97
In which part of the report should you tell whether or not the data supported the hypothesis?
procedures
conclusion
results
sources
98
A day when the sun crosses the equator is called....
latitude
an equinox
a hemisphere
Solstice
99
You have a soil sample that is 30 percent water. What fraction of the soil is water?
10/3
3/10
3
3/100
100
Of the following planets, which is closest to the Sun?
Mars
Uranus
Neptune
Earth
101
Which body has a core, a coma, and a tail?
satellite
meteorite
comet
meteoroid
102
What makes a coma form?
density
speed
an orbit
solar radiation
103
Planets form from clumps of...
energy.
dust.
gravity.
gas.
104
Which structure is the steepest?
continental slope
abyssal plain
continental shelf
trench
105
The thin layer of cool rock that makes up Earth's surface is called the...
asthenosphere.
crust.
core.
mantle.
106
Which object is smallest?
asteroid belt
meteorite
meteor
asteroid
107
At the summer solstice in the northern hemisphere days are
twice as long as nights
the same length as nights
the shortest of the year
the longest of the year
108
Which phase of the Moon looks like a semicircle?
full
crescent
gibbous
first or third quarter
109
Which step relates specifically to preparing a class presentation?
leaving time for questions
outlining the steps of your experiment
stating your hypothesis
listing the sources you used
110
Which planet is the only one that presently supports life?
Mars
Earth
Venus
Neptune
111
What casts a shadow during a lunar eclipse?
the Moon and Earth together
Earth
the Moon
the Sun
112
Which tool would be most helpful in preparing a report on the results of an experiment?
balance
calculator
graduated cylinder
computer
113
Which of these planets has a rocky crust?
Venus
Uranus
Neptune
Jupiter
114
The primary gas in the Sun is...
nitrogen.
helium.
hydrogen.
oxygen.
115
What season is it at the north pole in december?
summer
winter
spring
fall
116
Which word best expresses how an experiment relates to a hypothesis?
evidence
skepticism
proof
test
117
In an Atlantic hurricane north of the equator, which way do winds move?
only vertically
only horizontally
counterclockwise
clockwise
118
A tentative explanation is...
a theory.
skepticism.
a hypothesis.
an experiment.
119
What metric unit would you use to express the mass of water in a pond?
liter
gram
kilogram
meter
120
How many solar systems might exist?
hundreds
billions
millions
thousands
