Chapter 19: Fossil Fuels and Energy Efficiency

Question 1

Why is the answer, "The Ogoni still live in poverty while Shell Oil and Nigerian gov benefit"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

dictatorship of Nigeria., Profits from extraction have gone to Shell Oil and the military

Question 2

Which of the following statements about alternative fossil fuels is true?

Accepted Answer

Mining methods for alternative fossil fuels can be devastating to envmt

Question 3

Why is answer, "used to trap carbon from coal-burning pwr plants, prevent from entering air"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

Pilot plants capture carbon and inject it below ground are in operation in, Germany and the United States.

Question 4

Which of the following technologies has helped us to reduce the amount of emissions released by vehicles?

Accepted Answer

Catalytic converters

Question 5

Why are we so eager to find clean coal technologies? Because _____

Accepted Answer

Coal is the most abundant of the fossil fuels in the United States

Question 6

Why is the answer, "Diversifying oil imports"? (read from red, blue, yellow)

Accepted Answer

Buying oil from Canada, Venezuela, Mexico, and Middle Eastern countries, cuts off the supply., attempts to achieve energy security if one supplier (for ex., Saudi Arabia)

Question 7

Why is the answer, "Clean coal technologies will reduce coal pollution but not CO2 emissions"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

capture and sequester it., In order to reduce carbon dioxide released from burning coal, we have to

Question 8

Why is the answer, "Mining methods for alternative fossil fuels can be devastating to envmt"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

environmental impacts., Strip mining is a common method of extraction. This process has severe

Question 9

Why is the answer, "Catalytic converters"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

before they leave the car&#x27;s exhaust system., Catalytic converters convert harmful pollutants into less harmful ones

Question 10

Why is the answer, "Primary extraction may leave up to 2/3 of total oil deposit below ground"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

The rest is unavailable with current technologies., Another 15% to 20% can then be removed by secondary extraction.

Question 11

Why is the answer, "Gasification"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

Coal is converted to cleaner burning "syngas" by reacting it with oxygen, and steam at high temperatures.

Question 12

Why is answer, "methane"? (read from red, blue, yellow)

Accepted Answer

by-product resulting from the heat and compression involved in the, formation of oil and coal (thermogenic), Natural gas is produced by living organisms today (biogenic) and as a

Question 13

Why is the answer, "Coal is the most abundant of the fossil fuels in the United States"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

important to find a way to make the coal that we burn cleaner., Because we have so much more coal than we have of other fossil fuels, it&#x27;s

Question 14

How does the burning of coal contribute to acid deposition, otherwise known as acid rain?

Accepted Answer

Burning coal releases sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides

Question 15

What does the EROI (energy returned on energy invested) tell us about a potential energy source?

Accepted Answer

High EROI ratio = worth extracting based on amt of energy needed extract it

Question 16

Which conservation allows businesses & homes to make use of wasted heat from traditional heating & cooling systems?

Accepted Answer

Cogeneration

Question 17

Coal can be converted into cleaner burning gas by combining it w/ O2 and steam at high temp through the process of _____

Accepted Answer

Gasification

Question 18

Why is the answer, "Hydropower"?

Accepted Answer

Hydroelectric power is generated from the energy in running water

Question 19

Why is answer, "Burning coal releases sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides"? (read from red, blue, yellow)

Accepted Answer

and oxygen that make sulfuric acid. Similarly, the oxides of nitrogen lead, to the formation of nitric acid., The oxides of sulfur are ingredients in the chemical reactions with water

Question 20

Why is the answer, "Cogeneration"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

This process makes use of wasted energy from one system and puts it into, use in a second, connected system.

Question 21

Why is the answer, "By directional drilling"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

deposits., Directional drilling allows oil companies to extract oil along layered

Question 22

The United States and other industrialized nations devote the greatest proportion of their oil use to _____

Accepted Answer

Transportation

Question 23

Which of the following is a renewable energy source?

Accepted Answer

Hydropower

Question 24

Why is the answer "coal"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

For that reason, hard coal burns cleaner than soft coal, lignite, or peat, Hard coal has been subjected to more pressure & temperature than soft coal

Question 25

Julie turns off all her lights when not using & unplugs all her electronic devices at night. This is an example of _____

Accepted Answer

Energy conservation

Question 26

How has the discovery of oil in Nigeria affected the people living there?

Accepted Answer

The Ogoni still live in poverty while Shell Oil and Nigerian gov benefit

Question 27

Which type of mining creates the greatest envrionemtnal damage?

Accepted Answer

Surface strip-mining and mountaintop removal

Question 28

What is Hubbert&#x27;s peak?

Accepted Answer

Prediction of when a country&#x27;s or global oil prod&#x27;s at max and then falls

Question 29

Why is anw, "Est by a # of geological techniques; seismology, drilling narrow rock cores"? (red, blue, yellow, green)

Accepted Answer

The application of knowledge of the history of Earth is essential for, locating fossil fuels. Drilling exploratory holes & analyzing the material, that is pulled out is an old technique. Seismic mapping is a fairly new, technique that improves the chance for finding oil, natural gas, and coal

Question 30

Why is the answer, "Transportation"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

Two-thirds of U.S. oil use goes to transportation, with half of that going, into passenger cars.

Question 31

One way the oil industry is decreasing the environmental impacts of drilling is _____

Accepted Answer

By directional drilling

Question 32

Why is the answer, "Energy conservation"?

Accepted Answer

Conservation is an attempt to reduce the amount of energy that we use.

Question 33

Why is answer "Workers will lose their jobs and the town will experience a "bust"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

longer available, Towns like Fort McMurray can become almost ghost towns then jobs are no

Question 34

The use of coal for cooking, heating, and other purposes began _____

Accepted Answer

Thousands of years ago by Native Americans (and other ancient cultures)

Question 35

Why is the answer, "Ppl in U.S. have less incentive to conserve gas than ppl who pay > for gas"?

Accepted Answer

When gasoline costs more, people tend to conserve better.

Question 36

Which of the folllwing statements about the Strategic Petroleum Reserve is true?

Accepted Answer

It contains approximately one month&#x27;s supply for the United States

Question 37

Why is the answer, "Surface strip-mining and mountaintop removal" (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

including habitat destruction, mine acid pollution, & siltation of streams, Mountaintop removal and the strip mining of coal cause more damage,

Question 38

Which of the following statements about clean coal technology is true?

Accepted Answer

Clean coal technologies will reduce coal pollution but not CO2 emissions

Question 39

Which fossil fuel is produced as by-product, occurs when bacteria decompse organic material under anaerobic conditions?

Accepted Answer

Methane

Question 40

What will probably happen to the Canadian town of McMurray when the oil sands run out or no longer economical to mine?

Accepted Answer

Workers will lose their jobs and the town will experience a "bust"

Question 41

Why is ans "Prediction of when a country&#x27;s or global oil prod&#x27;s at max and then falls"? (read red, blue, yellow, green)

Accepted Answer

date to sometime around 2005., would peak in 1970. He later predicted that the world&#x27;s production would, Hubbert&#x27;s calculations accurately predicted that U.S. production of oil, peak in 1995. Further analysis using updated information has revised that

Question 42

Which of the following best describe the way that the U.S. has dealt w/ the insecurity caused by foreign oil dependence?

Accepted Answer

Diversifying oil imports

Question 43

Which of the following descriptions of primary extraction is accurate?

Accepted Answer

Primary extraction may leave up to 2/3 of total oil deposit below ground

Question 44

The people of some countries pay double what we do in the U.S. for gas. Which is true regarding this fact?

Accepted Answer

Ppl in U.S. have less incentive to conserve gas than ppl who pay > for gas

Question 45

Why is the answer, "It contains approximately one month&#x27;s supply for the United States"? (read from red, blue, yellow)

Accepted Answer

(20 million barrels/day), this equals to just over one month&#x27;s supply., Currently the reserve, located in Louisiana, contains more than, 700 million barrels of oil; at present rates of the U.S. consumption

Question 46

Why is the answer, "Thousands of years ago by Native Americans (and other ancient cultures)"? (read red then blue)

Accepted Answer

as well as heat their homes., Native Americans used coal to fire (harden) pottery and to cook food,

Question 47

As currently practiced, carbon capture and carbon sequestration is _____

Accepted Answer

Used to trap carbon from coal-burning pwr plants, prevent from entering air

Question 48

The location and size of fossil fuel deposits are _____

Accepted Answer

Est by a # of geological techniques; seismology, drilling narrow rock cores

Question 49

Why is answer, "High EROI ratio = worth extracting based on amt of energy needed extract it"? (red, blue, yellow, green)

Accepted Answer

The higher the EROI, the greater the difference between the amount of, you get out of it. The EROI for crude oil is 11:1 which is why we use it, rather than oil sands, which has an EROI of around 3:1., energy you spend to get the product ready for use and the amount of energy

Question 50

Organic matter that is compressed under high pressure to form solid carbon structures is _____

Accepted Answer

Coal

Chapter 19: Fossil Fuels and Energy Efficiency

Questions 50

Chapter 19: Fossil Fuels and Energy Efficiency

Questions 50