The people of India’s first civilization depended on monsoon rains to bring water for crops

and to cause flooding which deposited fertile soil.

The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from

the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.

Muhammad left Mecca because

his teachings made it unsafe for him to stay there.

What led to the emergence of more defined social ranking?

the growth of settled communities

Islam began to be practiced along the East Africa coast because

many foreign traders were Muslim.

Why did a group of senators murder Julius Caesar?

to prevent him from destroying the Roman Republic

Why did the Phoenicians turn to trade and the sea for their livelihood?

because farming was difficult and resources were limited

The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because they

attacked a Christian city to pay passage to the Holy Land.

How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs well?

a system of rewards & punishments administered by inspectors

What was the Hanseatic League?

a network of towns that promoted & protected trade

Why do scientists call the period before about 3000 BC prehistory?

writing did not exist at that time

Which of the following occurred as a result of Martin Luther’s stand against indulgences?

The Protestant Reformation began.

what is the importance of Italian city-states to the Renaissance?

merchants sought to display their new wealth.

The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia because

the area was suitable for agriculture.

Why was King Otto finally able to defeat the Magyars in the mid-900s?

The Magyars had settled into a permanent home.

Which of the following was one way that the lives of people in agricultural societies changed?

now spend time doing activities other than food production.

Distinct cultures and ways of life developed in Africa because

different regions have different Environments

What common feature did many African societies share?

They were village-based cultures built around clans.

a major difference between the Maya civilization and other civilizations in Mesoamerica?

It was much larger than the others.

Although the people of Constantinople referred to themselves as Romans

Greek cultural influences grew stronger over time.

Mountains, hills, and deserts helped the Chinese to thrive because

these features protected China from invasion.

Europe became a feudal society because

they needed to defend themselves against raids & invasions.

Scholars in Aachen performed which of the following important services?

made copies of ancient texts for monasteries across Europe.

Because the Law of the Twelve Tables were displayed, judges could not

make decisions based on secret laws.

Alexander’s empire did not grow any larger because

his soldiers wanted to return home.

The statement “I found Rome built of bricks; I leave her clothed in marble” refers to

ambitious building program initiated under Augustus’s rule.

Ancient civilizations waged war in order to

gain control of rich land or natural resources.

Where was Mecca located?

on the Arabian Peninsula near the Red Sea

studbud

1st Semester World Final Review

100 termsStudBud Administration184 plays

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
The people of India’s first civilization depended on monsoon rains to bring water for crops
and wash away accumulated debris from city streets.
and to loosen rocks used for building.
which only happened every other year.
and to cause flooding which deposited fertile soil.
2
Christians drove the Moors out of the Iberian Peninsula during the
First Crusade.
Reconquista.
sagas.
Battle of Hastings.
3
The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from
his appointment by the Roman Emperor.
the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.
the powerful army he headed under General Charlemagne.
the economic influence of the Papal States.
4
Muhammad left Mecca because
the Kaaba had been destroyed.
he wanted to spread his message.
he believed Allah commanded him to do so.
his teachings made it unsafe for him to stay there.
5
The Third Punic War was caused by
Hannibal’s invasion of the countryside.
Rome’s desire for revenge.
Carthage’s resistance to Roman expansion.
the assassination of Julius Caesar.
6
What led to the emergence of more defined social ranking?
the adoption of a nomadic lifestyle
the growth of settled communities
migration to the Americas
the emergence of Neanderthals
7
How did the Magyars differ from the Vikings?
They were peaceful rather than warlike.
They were Muslims, rather than Christians.
They were nomads horsemen,
They were never defeated, unlike the Vikings.
8
Where did the world’s first civilizations arise?
in sub-Saharan Africa
in sparsely populated areas
along fertile river valleys
in North America
9
Which of the following organs was left in the body when mummifying it?
the brain
the liver
the heart
the lungs
10
Who won the Hundred Years’ War?
the English
the Muslims
the French
the Lancasters
11
Islam began to be practiced along the East Africa coast because
Swahili leaders were Muslim.
Muslim Great Zimbabwe had conquered them.
Muslim Ethiopia conquered them.
many foreign traders were Muslim.
12
Why did a group of senators murder Julius Caesar?
because he was waging a civil war
because he was extremely unpopular with the Roman people
to prevent him from destroying the Roman Republic
to dismantle the Republic & return power to the monarchy
13
North African traders crossed the Sahara to trade salt for
gold.
spices.
food.
ivory.
14
Who took the throne in Macedonia after King Philip II was assassinated?
Alexander the Great
Philip III
Archimedes
Darius II
15
The population of Native Americans in Spanish colonies dropped by more than
10 percent.
90 percent.
75 percent.
30 percent.
16
What prompted the development of record-keeping systems?
the invention of written language
the establishment of graveyards in permanent settlements
the growing power of religion
economic transactions
17
Which of the following is considered one of the most important leaders in European history?
Charles Martel
Louis the Pious
Hugh Capet
Charlemagne
18
Why did the Phoenicians turn to trade and the sea for their livelihood?
because constant flooding made agriculture impossible
they needed a purple die used to color traditional garments
because farming was difficult and resources were limited
because Phoenicians needed concrete for buildings
19
The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because they
massacred entire communities of Jews in Europe.
worshipped idols and prayed to icons.
burned the holy city of Jerusalem to the ground.
attacked a Christian city to pay passage to the Holy Land.
20
What was the result of the first Persian invasion?
Ionia won its independence.
The Persians won but Darius was killed in the battle.
The Spartans won.
The Athenians won.
21
How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs well?
by ensuring that they received excellent educations
by sending monks to convert them to Christianity
a system of rewards & punishments administered by inspectors
replacing all local rulers with the Carolingian family
22
What was the Hanseatic League?
speakers of the vernacular
a network of towns that promoted & protected trade
towns that worked together to out bid each other
a guild of troubadours that allowed women to join
23
Why do scientists call the period before about 3000 BC prehistory?
scholars have learned nothing about that period of time
no important historical events happened before that time
writing did not exist at that time
humans did not exist before that time
24
The idea of Monotheism differs from polytheism in which way?
One God
Life after death
Many Gods
Reincarnation
25
Hindus believe atman is released at death and later reborn in another body in a process called
karma
moksha.
devas
reincarnation.
26
Which of the following occurred as a result of Martin Luther’s stand against indulgences?
Bapstists spread to England and Scotland,
The Protestant Reformation began.
Germany rejected Lutheranism and remained Roman Catholic.
Henry VIII started a religion in England called Anabaptism.
27
At the time of Muhammad’s birth, what brought religious pilgrims to Mecca?
the variety of mosques
the Dome of the Rock
the Kaaba
the House of Wisdom
28
In the Hellenistic world, the city-state was replaced as the main political unit by the
polis.
military.
assembly.
kingdom
29
Humanism was inspired by interest in
scientific writings.
Catholic doctrines.
Greek and Roman culture.
Buddhist philosophy.
30
The schism of 1054
led to beginning of Muslim invasions of the Byzantine Empire
ended the golden age of Byzantine art and architecture.
increased the power of the pope.
created two distinct churches.
31
what is the importance of Italian city-states to the Renaissance?
The Catholic Church pushed for discovery
merchants sought to display their new wealth.
Italian brought paintings & sculpture back from the east
As agricultural centers, sold them to foreign markets.
32
The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia because
people in the Fertile Crescent had a vibrant religious life.
the Phoenicians had become expert sailors.
the Hittites were able to master ironworking techniques.
the area was suitable for agriculture.
33
Why was King Otto finally able to defeat the Magyars in the mid-900s?
The Germans had discovered gunpowder.
A plague had weakened the Magyar army.
Europeans bread a faster horse.
The Magyars had settled into a permanent home.
34
Which of the following was one way that the lives of people in agricultural societies changed?
People now had to spend all of their time producing food.
Gender divisions blurred since everyone worked in farms.
Agricultural societies more peaceful than nomadic societies.
now spend time doing activities other than food production.
35
Which king drove the Vikings north of London?
Harold
William
Alfred
Henry
36
Distinct cultures and ways of life developed in Africa because
the continent is about twice as large as the United States.
different regions have different Environments
strict laws forbid marrying outside of one’s village.
people migrated to Africa from different parts of the world.
37
What common feature did many African societies share?
They were village-based cultures built around clans.
forced to pay tribute to stronger groups in area
They claimed to be descendants of the Queen of Sheba.
They originated in sub-Saharan Africa.
38
a major difference between the Maya civilization and other civilizations in Mesoamerica?
It engaged in trade, while others did not.
It was much larger than the others.
its leaders preferred diplomacy over warfare.
It emerged much earlier than any other civilization.
39
“All the walls of that shrine were so splashed & caked with blood" describes who
the Aztecs
the Iroquois
the Olmec
the Anasazi
40
Although the people of Constantinople referred to themselves as Romans
eastern emperors not interested restoring the Roman Empire.
emperor made Latin the official language instead of Greek.
Greek cultural influences grew stronger over time.
they were actually descendants of Germanic tribes.
41
Mountains, hills, and deserts helped the Chinese to thrive because
dangers there taught the Chinese how to be great warriors
features encourage Chinese to become expert hunter/gatherers
these features protected China from invasion.
provided varied ecosystems for variety of plants & animals.
42
Europe became a feudal society because
they needed to defend themselves against raids & invasions.
overpopulation required an efficient agricultural system
rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment
skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming improved.
43
Who was the first king of Israel?
David
Nebuchadnezzar II
Saul
Solomon
44
Scholars in Aachen performed which of the following important services?
made copies of ancient texts for monasteries across Europe.
They defended libraries against raids by the Vikings.
opened finishing schools for young ladies for upper classes.
They taught Charlemagne how to read and write.
45
Because the Law of the Twelve Tables were displayed, judges could not
preserve the status of plebeians.
make decisions based on secret laws.
show partiality to non-Romans.
discriminate against Etruscans.
46
Alexander’s empire did not grow any larger because
his generals began fighting for power.
his soldiers wanted to return home.
he reached all his goals.
the Hindu Kush defeated him.
47
The statement “I found Rome built of bricks; I leave her clothed in marble” refers to
rebuilding of Rome after Carthage burned the city down.
ambitious building program initiated under Augustus’s rule.
development of massive rock quarries in the countryside.
ambitious building program initiated under Hannibal’s rule.
48
Ancient civilizations waged war in order to
spread their ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology.
impose their religion on other cultures.
protect the herds of pastoralists.
gain control of rich land or natural resources.
49
Which of the following was one of Diocletian’s reforms?
He divided the empire in two.
He issued the first written law code.
He provided free food and entertainment to Roman citizens.
He issued the Edict of Milan.
50
The Muslim place of worship is called a
mosque.
hadith.
Caaba.
minaret
51
Where was Mecca located?
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Red Sea
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Mediterranean Sea
at the mouth of the Nile River
in the largest oasis of the Sinai Desert
52
Which of the following advanced the idea that “the end justifies the means”?
Donato Bramante
Christine de Pisan
Niccolò Machiavelli
Baldassare Castiglione
53
Which of the following built the largest empire in South America?
the Incas
the Moche
the Nazca
the Aztecs
54
To represent three-dimensional objects on flat paper, Renaissance artists studied
humanism.
the work of Lorenzo de Medici.
astronomy.
perspective.
55
Which of the following advances in farming was most important in the development of cities?
the plow
domestication of cattle
irrigation
use of metal tools
56
The phrase “bread and circuses” referred to
reluctance of wealthy Romans to become involved in politics.
the weekly market held in the Forum.
free food & entertainment by government to distract the poor
prosperity that allowed most Romans to live life of leisure.
57
What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?
Triangular trade became less profitable.
Llamas began to be used as beasts of burden.
exchange of foods & animals had a impact on societies
Native American diseases destroyed European populations.
58
Which of the following was the most important resource in most Bantu societies by AD 900?
iron ore
gold
cattle
land
59
The Eastern Roman Empire
fell to Germanic tribes called the Vandals.
rejected all forms of Christianity.
became known as the Byzantine Empire.
relocated the capital to Antioch.
60
Why did Octavian adopt the title “first citizen”?
to illustrate the duties of citizens in a republic
to show that he was retiring from politics
to emphasize that he had more power than other magistrates
to avoid the title of king or emperor
61
Which of the following is a characteristic of civilizations?
absence of art
pastoralists
trade
job specialization
62
African society changed around the 500s BC as a result of the development of
ironworking.
griots
the Bantu.
written language.
63
Homo sapiens means
modern man.
wise man.
upright man.
southern ape.
64
The city-state of Sparta was characterized by
democratic institutions.
dependence upon the sea.
an emphasis on temple worship.
an emphasis on warfare.
65
Which of the following was one effect of the Crusades?
The feudal system strengthened.
Relations between religious groups became more strained.
Jews moved to Jerusalem.
Trade decreased.
66
Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?
to ensure Charlemagne would not attack the Papal States
Charlemagne refused pope’s authority unless crowned emperor
to reward the Lombards for faithful service to the church
to thank Charlemagne for keeping him in power
67
The economy of the Muslim community depended largely on
the banking industry.
manufacturing.
subsistence agriculture.
commerce.
68
Scholars think early people might have believed in life after death because
surviving statues from the period seem to be of angels.
surviving cave art shows the dead being reborn.
they did not bury their dead.
they put food and objects in graves.
69
Once North African traders learned how to cross the Sahara safely
Mombasa emerged as a key player in African trade.
Europeans began to search Africa for gold.
Ghana became as a key player in the gold and salt trade.
Swahili spread to West Africa.
70
Buddha taught to end suffering my living the
nirvana
the Extreme Way.
the Eightfold Path.
Mahabharata.
71
How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?
by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe
by fostering a belief in the importance of working group
by emphasizing the importance of converting to Christianity
by Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important
72
The goal of the First Crusade was to
convert Muslims to Christianity.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Byzantines.
conquer Constantinople.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Muslims.
73
Why did the pharaoh in Egypt make the Hebrews slaves?
He opposed the teachings of the Torah.
fear of take over Egypt because they were mighty warriors.
He believed they were began plague that killed his son.
fear they would take over Egypt because of large population
74
Egyptians practiced mummification in order to
keep the ka from vanishing.
preserve the body for resurrection.
find cures for common diseases.
show their respect to pharaohs.
75
As a conquered people in the Roman Empire
Jews were denied religious freedom.
the Jews did not abandon monotheism.
the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity.
all Jews cooperated with Roman rule.
76
The Four Noble Truths teach that
all people must respect the elders & care for children
everyone desires materials, overcoming will end suffering
special techniques used to harness energy & achieve nirvana
harming animals in any way is morally wrong.
77
Some Christians objected to the presence of icons in churches because they believed
icons gave iconoclasts too much power.
the use of icons was too close to the worship of idols.
icons had little artistic merit.
icons would be used to teach illiterate people Christianity.
78
The Aztec Empire grew wealthy through
rich farmland and control of excellent hunting ground.
tribute and trade.
the sale of slaves.
rich natural resources.
79
What led to the building of permanent settlements?
development of simple governments
the development of agriculture
the end of bloody warfare
migration to the Americas
80
Who created the statues of David & Pietà, and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Baldassare Castiglione
Michelangelo Buonarroti
Ignatius of Loyola
William Shakespeare
81
The Black Death led to
massive witch hunts throughout Europe.
greater religious tolerance in Western Europe.
the collapse of the medieval manor system.
the end of the Hundred Years’ War.
82
Mesoamerica was the site of the first farming settlements in the Americas because
Europeans brought seeds and domesticated animals there first
the groups that lived there were vegetarians.
temperatures, rainfall, and soils were ideal for farming.
people settled there first.
83
What was the end result of the Wars of the Roses?
The French drove the English out of their country.
The plague was spread by soldiers.
The Lancasters won the throne.
A Tudor nobleman took the throne, began a new era in English
84
“What is truth?” is a question associated with
Aristotle.
Aristophanes.
Homer.
Socrates.
85
Why did pharaohs have absolute power in Egypt?
Pharaohs ruled the country using terror.
kingdom was small enough him to exercise complete control.
believed the pharaoh received instructions from the vizier.
Egyptians believed the pharaoh was a god in human form.
86
Johannes Gutenberg’s invention has been described as revolutionary because
until guilds were unable to control the goods they produced.
large pool of unemployed workers industrialized Europe.
easier access to books, more people learned to read/paint
with oil paints, Renaissance artists could paint much more
87
What led to the downfall of both the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire?
internal warfare between city-states
a massive meteor that caused catastrophic damage
climate change
the arrival of Spanish explorers
88
Greeks tried to ensure that the gods and goddesses would protect them and their city-states by
telling stories about their lives.
writing epics.
building them homes on Mount Olympus.
performing rituals and sacrifices.
89
What led early civilizations to create calendars?
the need to chart nomadic movements
determining religious holidays
the need to chart electoral cycles as governments developed
the need to track yearly flooding and growing seasons
90
Which of the following accurately describes the economy of the Incas?
weak
dependent upon slavery
free market
government-controlled
91
Sumerians developed a large trading network because
the empire included many different kingdoms.
their army was not powerful.
they lacked raw materials such as wood and metal.
they wanted slaves to build ziggurats.
92
Why did the Persian emperor Darius attack the Greek mainland?
to kidnap Helen, the beautiful queen of Athens
to gain control of Greece’s vast natural resources
to exact revenge for the Athenians’ victory at Marathon
to punish Athens for aiding the Ionians' revolt vs Persian
93
Vikings began raiding northern Europe because
Viking farmers could not grow enough food.
they wanted to stop attacks on Scandinavia.
they had converted to Christianity & sought Christian relics
they wanted to spread their religion.
94
Why did Constantine build a new capital?
to escape the authority of the pope
because he had a huge budget surplus
to commemorate where he experienced religious conversion
because the east was richer and better defended
95
The bishops of Rome claimed to have authority over all other bishops because
they were descended from Jesus.
they were seen as Paul’s spiritual heirs.
Rome was the most powerful city in the Empire.
they were seen as Peter’s spiritual heirs.
96
Cultural diffusion may have affected an early civilization
by lowering the standards for entry into a craft guild.
when people adopted new customs, skills, and technologies.
by making it more difficult to control trade.
by encouraging the preservation of distinct characteristics.
97
Wealthy Romans dominated politics during the Pax Romana because
most citizens were uninterested in politics.
officials were not paid so only wealthy could participate
only patricians were allowed to hold office.
the Roman masses cared only about bread and circuses.
98
Paul of Tarsus helped to attract non-Jews to Christianity by
actively opposing the teaching that Jesus was the Messiah.
following Jewish food laws.
remaining in Rome.
dispensing with some Jewish customs.
99
The Buddha taught
following your desires leads to enlightenment.
those who follow the Eightfold Path can attain nirvana.
it is best to avoid meditation.
suffering is not part of human life.
100
The Battle of Salamis was significant because it
finally exacted revenge for Darius’s defeat in Athens.
stranded the Persian army in Greece without naval support.
made a small force of Spartans martyrs for the Greek cause.
first time the Spartans and Athenians cooperated in battle.

1st Semester World Final Review Flashcards | StudBud

1st Semester World Final Review

100 termsStudBud Administration184 plays

1st Semester World Final Review

Flashcards100 cardsFPractice quizPHost liveL

Questions 100

Answers

1
The people of India’s first civilization depended on monsoon rains to bring water for crops
and wash away accumulated debris from city streets.
and to loosen rocks used for building.
which only happened every other year.
and to cause flooding which deposited fertile soil.
2
Christians drove the Moors out of the Iberian Peninsula during the
First Crusade.
Reconquista.
sagas.
Battle of Hastings.
3
The pope’s influence in the Middle Ages resulted from
his appointment by the Roman Emperor.
the fact that nearly everyone in Europe was Christian.
the powerful army he headed under General Charlemagne.
the economic influence of the Papal States.
4
Muhammad left Mecca because
the Kaaba had been destroyed.
he wanted to spread his message.
he believed Allah commanded him to do so.
his teachings made it unsafe for him to stay there.
5
The Third Punic War was caused by
Hannibal’s invasion of the countryside.
Rome’s desire for revenge.
Carthage’s resistance to Roman expansion.
the assassination of Julius Caesar.
6
What led to the emergence of more defined social ranking?
the adoption of a nomadic lifestyle
the growth of settled communities
migration to the Americas
the emergence of Neanderthals
7
How did the Magyars differ from the Vikings?
They were peaceful rather than warlike.
They were Muslims, rather than Christians.
They were nomads horsemen,
They were never defeated, unlike the Vikings.
8
Where did the world’s first civilizations arise?
in sub-Saharan Africa
in sparsely populated areas
along fertile river valleys
in North America
9
Which of the following organs was left in the body when mummifying it?
the brain
the liver
the heart
the lungs
10
Who won the Hundred Years’ War?
the English
the Muslims
the French
the Lancasters
11
Islam began to be practiced along the East Africa coast because
Swahili leaders were Muslim.
Muslim Great Zimbabwe had conquered them.
Muslim Ethiopia conquered them.
many foreign traders were Muslim.
12
Why did a group of senators murder Julius Caesar?
because he was waging a civil war
because he was extremely unpopular with the Roman people
to prevent him from destroying the Roman Republic
to dismantle the Republic & return power to the monarchy
13
North African traders crossed the Sahara to trade salt for
gold.
spices.
food.
ivory.
14
Who took the throne in Macedonia after King Philip II was assassinated?
Alexander the Great
Philip III
Archimedes
Darius II
15
The population of Native Americans in Spanish colonies dropped by more than
10 percent.
90 percent.
75 percent.
30 percent.
16
What prompted the development of record-keeping systems?
the invention of written language
the establishment of graveyards in permanent settlements
the growing power of religion
economic transactions
17
Which of the following is considered one of the most important leaders in European history?
Charles Martel
Louis the Pious
Hugh Capet
Charlemagne
18
Why did the Phoenicians turn to trade and the sea for their livelihood?
because constant flooding made agriculture impossible
they needed a purple die used to color traditional garments
because farming was difficult and resources were limited
because Phoenicians needed concrete for buildings
19
The pope excommunicated all Crusaders taking part in the Fourth Crusade because they
massacred entire communities of Jews in Europe.
worshipped idols and prayed to icons.
burned the holy city of Jerusalem to the ground.
attacked a Christian city to pay passage to the Holy Land.
20
What was the result of the first Persian invasion?
Ionia won its independence.
The Persians won but Darius was killed in the battle.
The Spartans won.
The Athenians won.
21
How did Charlemagne ensure that his counts remained loyal and did their jobs well?
by ensuring that they received excellent educations
by sending monks to convert them to Christianity
a system of rewards & punishments administered by inspectors
replacing all local rulers with the Carolingian family
22
What was the Hanseatic League?
speakers of the vernacular
a network of towns that promoted & protected trade
towns that worked together to out bid each other
a guild of troubadours that allowed women to join
23
Why do scientists call the period before about 3000 BC prehistory?
scholars have learned nothing about that period of time
no important historical events happened before that time
writing did not exist at that time
humans did not exist before that time
24
The idea of Monotheism differs from polytheism in which way?
One God
Life after death
Many Gods
Reincarnation
25
Hindus believe atman is released at death and later reborn in another body in a process called
karma
moksha.
devas
reincarnation.
26
Which of the following occurred as a result of Martin Luther’s stand against indulgences?
Bapstists spread to England and Scotland,
The Protestant Reformation began.
Germany rejected Lutheranism and remained Roman Catholic.
Henry VIII started a religion in England called Anabaptism.
27
At the time of Muhammad’s birth, what brought religious pilgrims to Mecca?
the variety of mosques
the Dome of the Rock
the Kaaba
the House of Wisdom
28
In the Hellenistic world, the city-state was replaced as the main political unit by the
polis.
military.
assembly.
kingdom
29
Humanism was inspired by interest in
scientific writings.
Catholic doctrines.
Greek and Roman culture.
Buddhist philosophy.
30
The schism of 1054
led to beginning of Muslim invasions of the Byzantine Empire
ended the golden age of Byzantine art and architecture.
increased the power of the pope.
created two distinct churches.
31
what is the importance of Italian city-states to the Renaissance?
The Catholic Church pushed for discovery
merchants sought to display their new wealth.
Italian brought paintings & sculpture back from the east
As agricultural centers, sold them to foreign markets.
32
The first civilization arose in Mesopotamia because
people in the Fertile Crescent had a vibrant religious life.
the Phoenicians had become expert sailors.
the Hittites were able to master ironworking techniques.
the area was suitable for agriculture.
33
Why was King Otto finally able to defeat the Magyars in the mid-900s?
The Germans had discovered gunpowder.
A plague had weakened the Magyar army.
Europeans bread a faster horse.
The Magyars had settled into a permanent home.
34
Which of the following was one way that the lives of people in agricultural societies changed?
People now had to spend all of their time producing food.
Gender divisions blurred since everyone worked in farms.
Agricultural societies more peaceful than nomadic societies.
now spend time doing activities other than food production.
35
Which king drove the Vikings north of London?
Harold
William
Alfred
Henry
36
Distinct cultures and ways of life developed in Africa because
the continent is about twice as large as the United States.
different regions have different Environments
strict laws forbid marrying outside of one’s village.
people migrated to Africa from different parts of the world.
37
What common feature did many African societies share?
They were village-based cultures built around clans.
forced to pay tribute to stronger groups in area
They claimed to be descendants of the Queen of Sheba.
They originated in sub-Saharan Africa.
38
a major difference between the Maya civilization and other civilizations in Mesoamerica?
It engaged in trade, while others did not.
It was much larger than the others.
its leaders preferred diplomacy over warfare.
It emerged much earlier than any other civilization.
39
“All the walls of that shrine were so splashed & caked with blood" describes who
the Aztecs
the Iroquois
the Olmec
the Anasazi
40
Although the people of Constantinople referred to themselves as Romans
eastern emperors not interested restoring the Roman Empire.
emperor made Latin the official language instead of Greek.
Greek cultural influences grew stronger over time.
they were actually descendants of Germanic tribes.
41
Mountains, hills, and deserts helped the Chinese to thrive because
dangers there taught the Chinese how to be great warriors
features encourage Chinese to become expert hunter/gatherers
these features protected China from invasion.
provided varied ecosystems for variety of plants & animals.
42
Europe became a feudal society because
they needed to defend themselves against raids & invasions.
overpopulation required an efficient agricultural system
rarity of cash required land to be used as a payment
skilled craftspeople had emerged as farming improved.
43
Who was the first king of Israel?
David
Nebuchadnezzar II
Saul
Solomon
44
Scholars in Aachen performed which of the following important services?
made copies of ancient texts for monasteries across Europe.
They defended libraries against raids by the Vikings.
opened finishing schools for young ladies for upper classes.
They taught Charlemagne how to read and write.
45
Because the Law of the Twelve Tables were displayed, judges could not
preserve the status of plebeians.
make decisions based on secret laws.
show partiality to non-Romans.
discriminate against Etruscans.
46
Alexander’s empire did not grow any larger because
his generals began fighting for power.
his soldiers wanted to return home.
he reached all his goals.
the Hindu Kush defeated him.
47
The statement “I found Rome built of bricks; I leave her clothed in marble” refers to
rebuilding of Rome after Carthage burned the city down.
ambitious building program initiated under Augustus’s rule.
development of massive rock quarries in the countryside.
ambitious building program initiated under Hannibal’s rule.
48
Ancient civilizations waged war in order to
spread their ideas, beliefs, customs, and technology.
impose their religion on other cultures.
protect the herds of pastoralists.
gain control of rich land or natural resources.
49
Which of the following was one of Diocletian’s reforms?
He divided the empire in two.
He issued the first written law code.
He provided free food and entertainment to Roman citizens.
He issued the Edict of Milan.
50
The Muslim place of worship is called a
mosque.
hadith.
Caaba.
minaret
51
Where was Mecca located?
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Red Sea
on the Arabian Peninsula near the Mediterranean Sea
at the mouth of the Nile River
in the largest oasis of the Sinai Desert
52
Which of the following advanced the idea that “the end justifies the means”?
Donato Bramante
Christine de Pisan
Niccolò Machiavelli
Baldassare Castiglione
53
Which of the following built the largest empire in South America?
the Incas
the Moche
the Nazca
the Aztecs
54
To represent three-dimensional objects on flat paper, Renaissance artists studied
humanism.
the work of Lorenzo de Medici.
astronomy.
perspective.
55
Which of the following advances in farming was most important in the development of cities?
the plow
domestication of cattle
irrigation
use of metal tools
56
The phrase “bread and circuses” referred to
reluctance of wealthy Romans to become involved in politics.
the weekly market held in the Forum.
free food & entertainment by government to distract the poor
prosperity that allowed most Romans to live life of leisure.
57
What was an effect of the Columbian Exchange?
Triangular trade became less profitable.
Llamas began to be used as beasts of burden.
exchange of foods & animals had a impact on societies
Native American diseases destroyed European populations.
58
Which of the following was the most important resource in most Bantu societies by AD 900?
iron ore
gold
cattle
land
59
The Eastern Roman Empire
fell to Germanic tribes called the Vandals.
rejected all forms of Christianity.
became known as the Byzantine Empire.
relocated the capital to Antioch.
60
Why did Octavian adopt the title “first citizen”?
to illustrate the duties of citizens in a republic
to show that he was retiring from politics
to emphasize that he had more power than other magistrates
to avoid the title of king or emperor
61
Which of the following is a characteristic of civilizations?
absence of art
pastoralists
trade
job specialization
62
African society changed around the 500s BC as a result of the development of
ironworking.
griots
the Bantu.
written language.
63
Homo sapiens means
modern man.
wise man.
upright man.
southern ape.
64
The city-state of Sparta was characterized by
democratic institutions.
dependence upon the sea.
an emphasis on temple worship.
an emphasis on warfare.
65
Which of the following was one effect of the Crusades?
The feudal system strengthened.
Relations between religious groups became more strained.
Jews moved to Jerusalem.
Trade decreased.
66
Why did the pope name Charlemagne Emperor of the Roman People?
to ensure Charlemagne would not attack the Papal States
Charlemagne refused pope’s authority unless crowned emperor
to reward the Lombards for faithful service to the church
to thank Charlemagne for keeping him in power
67
The economy of the Muslim community depended largely on
the banking industry.
manufacturing.
subsistence agriculture.
commerce.
68
Scholars think early people might have believed in life after death because
surviving statues from the period seem to be of angels.
surviving cave art shows the dead being reborn.
they did not bury their dead.
they put food and objects in graves.
69
Once North African traders learned how to cross the Sahara safely
Mombasa emerged as a key player in African trade.
Europeans began to search Africa for gold.
Ghana became as a key player in the gold and salt trade.
Swahili spread to West Africa.
70
Buddha taught to end suffering my living the
nirvana
the Extreme Way.
the Eightfold Path.
Mahabharata.
71
How did the Renaissance contribute to the Age of Exploration?
by awakening a spirit of discovery and innovation in Europe
by fostering a belief in the importance of working group
by emphasizing the importance of converting to Christianity
by Europeans that the pursuit of wealth was all-important
72
The goal of the First Crusade was to
convert Muslims to Christianity.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Byzantines.
conquer Constantinople.
take Jerusalem and the Holy Land away from the Muslims.
73
Why did the pharaoh in Egypt make the Hebrews slaves?
He opposed the teachings of the Torah.
fear of take over Egypt because they were mighty warriors.
He believed they were began plague that killed his son.
fear they would take over Egypt because of large population
74
Egyptians practiced mummification in order to
keep the ka from vanishing.
preserve the body for resurrection.
find cures for common diseases.
show their respect to pharaohs.
75
As a conquered people in the Roman Empire
Jews were denied religious freedom.
the Jews did not abandon monotheism.
the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity.
all Jews cooperated with Roman rule.
76
The Four Noble Truths teach that
all people must respect the elders & care for children
everyone desires materials, overcoming will end suffering
special techniques used to harness energy & achieve nirvana
harming animals in any way is morally wrong.
77
Some Christians objected to the presence of icons in churches because they believed
icons gave iconoclasts too much power.
the use of icons was too close to the worship of idols.
icons had little artistic merit.
icons would be used to teach illiterate people Christianity.
78
The Aztec Empire grew wealthy through
rich farmland and control of excellent hunting ground.
tribute and trade.
the sale of slaves.
rich natural resources.
79
What led to the building of permanent settlements?
development of simple governments
the development of agriculture
the end of bloody warfare
migration to the Americas
80
Who created the statues of David & Pietà, and the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel?
Baldassare Castiglione
Michelangelo Buonarroti
Ignatius of Loyola
William Shakespeare
81
The Black Death led to
massive witch hunts throughout Europe.
greater religious tolerance in Western Europe.
the collapse of the medieval manor system.
the end of the Hundred Years’ War.
82
Mesoamerica was the site of the first farming settlements in the Americas because
Europeans brought seeds and domesticated animals there first
the groups that lived there were vegetarians.
temperatures, rainfall, and soils were ideal for farming.
people settled there first.
83
What was the end result of the Wars of the Roses?
The French drove the English out of their country.
The plague was spread by soldiers.
The Lancasters won the throne.
A Tudor nobleman took the throne, began a new era in English
84
“What is truth?” is a question associated with
Aristotle.
Aristophanes.
Homer.
Socrates.
85
Why did pharaohs have absolute power in Egypt?
Pharaohs ruled the country using terror.
kingdom was small enough him to exercise complete control.
believed the pharaoh received instructions from the vizier.
Egyptians believed the pharaoh was a god in human form.
86
Johannes Gutenberg’s invention has been described as revolutionary because
until guilds were unable to control the goods they produced.
large pool of unemployed workers industrialized Europe.
easier access to books, more people learned to read/paint
with oil paints, Renaissance artists could paint much more
87
What led to the downfall of both the Inca Empire and the Aztec Empire?
internal warfare between city-states
a massive meteor that caused catastrophic damage
climate change
the arrival of Spanish explorers
88
Greeks tried to ensure that the gods and goddesses would protect them and their city-states by
telling stories about their lives.
writing epics.
building them homes on Mount Olympus.
performing rituals and sacrifices.
89
What led early civilizations to create calendars?
the need to chart nomadic movements
determining religious holidays
the need to chart electoral cycles as governments developed
the need to track yearly flooding and growing seasons
90
Which of the following accurately describes the economy of the Incas?
weak
dependent upon slavery
free market
government-controlled
91
Sumerians developed a large trading network because
the empire included many different kingdoms.
their army was not powerful.
they lacked raw materials such as wood and metal.
they wanted slaves to build ziggurats.
92
Why did the Persian emperor Darius attack the Greek mainland?
to kidnap Helen, the beautiful queen of Athens
to gain control of Greece’s vast natural resources
to exact revenge for the Athenians’ victory at Marathon
to punish Athens for aiding the Ionians' revolt vs Persian
93
Vikings began raiding northern Europe because
Viking farmers could not grow enough food.
they wanted to stop attacks on Scandinavia.
they had converted to Christianity & sought Christian relics
they wanted to spread their religion.
94
Why did Constantine build a new capital?
to escape the authority of the pope
because he had a huge budget surplus
to commemorate where he experienced religious conversion
because the east was richer and better defended
95
The bishops of Rome claimed to have authority over all other bishops because
they were descended from Jesus.
they were seen as Paul’s spiritual heirs.
Rome was the most powerful city in the Empire.
they were seen as Peter’s spiritual heirs.
96
Cultural diffusion may have affected an early civilization
by lowering the standards for entry into a craft guild.
when people adopted new customs, skills, and technologies.
by making it more difficult to control trade.
by encouraging the preservation of distinct characteristics.
97
Wealthy Romans dominated politics during the Pax Romana because
most citizens were uninterested in politics.
officials were not paid so only wealthy could participate
only patricians were allowed to hold office.
the Roman masses cared only about bread and circuses.
98
Paul of Tarsus helped to attract non-Jews to Christianity by
actively opposing the teaching that Jesus was the Messiah.
following Jewish food laws.
remaining in Rome.
dispensing with some Jewish customs.
99
The Buddha taught
following your desires leads to enlightenment.
those who follow the Eightfold Path can attain nirvana.
it is best to avoid meditation.
suffering is not part of human life.
100
The Battle of Salamis was significant because it
finally exacted revenge for Darius’s defeat in Athens.
stranded the Persian army in Greece without naval support.
made a small force of Spartans martyrs for the Greek cause.
first time the Spartans and Athenians cooperated in battle.