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Duplicate of IB Biology I Semester Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of IB Biology I Semester Review
Duplicate of IB Biology I Semester Review
100 terms
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Biochemistry Review
Flashcards
100 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
100
Answers
1
Which organelle is labeled #10?
vacuole
smooth ER
golgi appartus
chloroplast
2
Which features are present in prokaryotic cells?
nucleus, cell membrane and ribosomes
DNA, mitochondria and cell wall
DNA, cell membrane and ribosomes
DNA, plasma membrane and mitochondria
3
What type of lipid has four fused rings as the main portion of their structure?
glycerol
fatty acid
phospholipid
steroid
4
Which of the following is
not
an example of an
enzyme cofactor
?
vitamin C
pepsin
zinc ion
calcium ion
5
The picture below is
protein
fatty acid
carboxyl group
amino acid
6
Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying drugs?
liver
lysosomes
smooth ER
nucleus
7
Which of the following is not a reason the Davson-Danielli model was changed?
a protein layer is not likely because it is largely nonpolar
evidence was gathered with the use of an electron microscope
membranes are all the same in structure and function
not all membranes are identical or symmetrical
8
A codon codes for
protein
genes
mRNA chain
an amino acid
9
The process in which the cell takes up a substance by surrounding it with the membrane is
protein pump
endocytosis
passive transport
exocytosis
10
Which of the following is an example of a prokaryotic cell?
plant cell
liver cell
none of these
amoeba
11
What is the pentose sugar that is found in RNA?
deoxyribose
fructose
glucose
ribose
12
Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing proteins?
chloroplast
golgi appartus
ribosome
mitochondria
13
Which of the following is
not a true statement
regarding enzymes:
a. Enzymes are specific
a. Enzymes catalyze reactions
Enzymes are used up in a reaction
a. Enzymes make it easier for a reaction to take place
14
Where does the inhibitor bind in non-competitive inhibition?
no binding takes place
active site
the substrate
allosteric site
15
As the volume of a cell increases, what happens to the surface area to volume ratio?
it increases
it decreases
it stays the same
it depends on type of cell
16
Which functions are carried out by all unicellular organisms?
metabolism, photosynthesis, and growth
nutrition, reproduction and response
growth, reproduction and photosynthesis
photosynthesis, nutrition and homeostasis
17
A
fatty acid
is a long chain of mostly carbon and hydrogen atoms with a:
Carboxyl group found on one end
Oleic acid found on one end
Water molecule found on one end
Glycerol found on both ends
18
In the structure of the cell membrane, glycoproteins are
carbohydrate tails attached to phospholipids
carbohydrate chains attached to membrane proteins
protein tails attached to phosopholipids
proteins attached to cholesterol
19
What type of fatty acid has all carbon atoms connected by single covalent bonds?
Cis-Unsaturated
triglyceride
saturated
trans-unsaturated
20
1. A polysaccharide made of 5 glucose molecules has the following formula
C30H60O30
5CH12O6
C5H10O5
C30H52O26
21
Which organelle is not found in the cell shown below?
lysosomes
chloroplasts
ribosomes
nucleus
22
The variable that is measured in an experiment is the
manipulated variable
responding variable
control group
controlled variable
23
What type of macromolecule is the structure labeled C?
carbohydrate
nucleic acid
protein
lipid
24
What is #4?
cytosine
guanine
uracil
thymine
25
Fructose is
a disaccharide
an amino acid
a monosaccharide
a polysaccharide
26
A plant storage substance is
glycogen
glucagon
starch
cellulose
27
Which of the following elements is not found in carbohydrates?
carbon
oxygen
nitrogen
hydrogen
28
The primary function of this protein is transport:
hemoglobin
myosin
amylase
keratin
29
When liquid water is heated, most of the energy that the water absorbs is used to:
make the water boil
break the hydrogen bondsbetween the water molecules
break the covalent bondsbetween the hydrogen and oxygen
raise the temperature ofthe water
30
Water molecules are attached together by
hydrolysis
covalent bonds
condensation
hydrogen bonds
31
The outer side of the membrane differs from the inner side because the outer side contains
peripheral proteins
glycoproteins
hydrophilic phosphate groups
cholesterol
32
Condensation
is the
Breaking of bigger molecules with the removal of water
Building bigger molecules with the addition of water
Breaking bigger molecules with the addition of water
Building of bigger molecules with the removal of water
33
Flagella are sometimes found on prokaryotic cells and their primary function is
stability
reproduction
attachment
movement
34
What carbon does the nitrogeneous base attach to on deoxyribose?
3
1
5
varies
35
Glucose functions in
photosynthesis
as a solvent
storage
respiration
36
What type of bond connects #9 to cytosine?
hydrogen
covalent
phosphodiester
ionic
37
If you place a cell with 80% water and 20% solute into a solution with 90% water & 10% solute
water will move out of cell
there will be no net movement
solute will diffuse out of cell
water will move into cell
38
Increasing
the substrate concentration
Increases the amount of product
Increases the amount of enzyme
Increases the number of active sites
Decreases the amount of product
39
The diagram below is:
glucose
deoxyribose
ribose
galactose
40
Which of the following is not a characteristic of globular proteins?
tightly bound
functional
Mostly tertiary instructure
not soluble in water
41
In a cell, what is the effect of a
large surfacearea
to
volume ratio
?
Fasterheat loss
Slowerrate of exchange of waste materials
Slowerintake of food
Faster rate of mitosis
42
What is the minimum number of each level of treatment for science experiments in IB Bio?
3
varies
5
6
43
Which property makes stem cells suitable fortherapeutic use?
They can differentiate into specialized cells
They can divide by meiosis to form gametes
They contain chemicals that can kill bacteria
Their chromosomes are suitable for gene transferand cloning
44
Lactose can be hydrolyzed into what two substances by the enzyme lactase?
glucose and galactose
galactose & lactose
glucose & fructose
fructose & sucrose
45
All cells have which of the following?
cell wall
cell membrane
mitochondria
nucleus
46
What are the two fatty acid tails of a phospholipid made up of?
saturated fatty acids only
glycerol
COOH groups
hydrocarbons
47
Differentiation results in cells
using all of their DNA during replication
transcribing some of their DNA
changing type when they replicate
mutating
48
The image below is:
cis unsaturated fatty acid
glycerol
trans fatty acid
saturated fatty acid
49
Which of the following is a function of cholesterol in the cell membrane?
reduce amphipathic properties
increase fluidity of membrane
provide a hydrophobic bilayer
reduces the permeability of the membrane
50
What property of water allows it to stick to a dry surface, such as a wooden countertop?
adhesion
solvent
polarity
cohesion
51
If G is a pore protein in which water crosses the cell membrane via osmosis, what is it called?
peripheral protein
protein channel
aquaporin
Na/K pump
52
The Singer-Nicolson Model is now known as what model?
Davson-Danielli
Lipid Bilayer
Fluid Mosaic
Watson-Salvadore
53
Water dissolves which of the following substances?
neutral
polar
hydrophobic
non-polar
54
The electron micrograph below shows which organelle?
mitochondria
lysosome
vesicle
golgi appartus
55
Denaturation
of an enzyme
a. Changes the enzyme active site
a. Can be reversed bylowering the temperature
a. Can be reversed byfreezing below 0 degrees Celcius
a. Changes the substrate active site
56
Which process is due to the fluidity of the cell membrane?
endocytosis
ATP production
cell recognition
osmosis
57
In evaporation ofwater
covalent bonds are broken
hydrogen bonds are formed
covalent bonds are formed
hydrogen bonds are broken
58
The DNA in eukaryotic cells is
circular and contained in nucleus
circular and not contained in nucleus
linear but not contained in nucleus
linear and contained in nucleus
59
What is the function of the plasma membrane of abacterium?
to attach to host cells
to control entry and exit of substances
to synthesize ribosomes
for support
60
Where do the directions for making proteins at the ribosomes come from?
rRNA
nucleus
ribosomes
tRNA
61
How many histone molecules make up a nucleosome?
4
1
8
9
62
Which of the following types of cell transport moves against the concentration gradient?
diffusion
osomosis
endocytosis
facilitated diffusion
63
What is the function of the organelle found on the organelle shown in the micrograph?
synthesize proteins
produce lipids
create vesicles
transport substances
64
When nerve cells are organized as the brain it can think, what property does this represent?
emergent
anatomical
adaptive
learning
65
What type of macromolecule is substance E?
protein
phospholipid
carbohydrate
lipid
66
What molecule is essential for endocytosis, exocytosis and Na+/K+ pump?
protein
sodium
potassium
ATP
67
Which of the following is the primary carbohydrate storage molecule in animals?
starch
glucose
glycogen
triglyceride
68
Maintaining a constant and stable internal environment is
metabolism
homeostasis
nutrition
sensitivity
69
Amino acids join together during:
a. Hydrolysis reactions
a. Condensation reactions
polar circles
covalent bondage
70
Most biological molecules have this type of bond:
covalent
ionic
phosphodiester
hydrogen
71
The storage carbohydrate in liver and muscles is
glycogen
fatty acids
protein
cellulose
72
Which nitrogenous base is only found in RNA?
guanine
uracil
thymine
cytosine
73
Which structure is an example of a peripheral protein?
G
F
E
A
74
What is the substrate similar to in competitive inhibition?
inhibitor
allosteric site
enzyme
none of these
75
Which of the following processes includes all others?
passive transport
facilitated diffusion
osmosis
diffusion
76
Which of the following is NOT a major function of lipids in the human body?
Semi-permeable membrane of all cells
As a short term energy source
Insulation
Long term energy storage
77
Which of the following is not a purine?
adenine
thymine
they are all purines
guanine
78
Which of the following is NOT an example of an integral protein?
glycoprotein
channel protein
fibrous protein
aquaporin
79
What type of bond connects carbon #3 on one dexoyribose molecule with a phosphate group?
ionic
covalent
phosphodiester
hydrogen
80
Which is smallest: width of a virus, width of bacterium or thickness of cell membrane?
width of virus
thickness of cell membrane
width of bacterium
they are all the same size
81
Materials that leave and enter the golgi apparatus are
are packaged in or on vesicles
connect directly to the ER
are transported by proteins
are destined for export from the cell
82
The bond between two amino acids in a dipeptide is called a:
dipeptide
peptide
covalent
phosphodiester
83
Which of the following is a feature of exocytosis but not endocytosis?
vesicle formation
secretion
use of ATP
shape changes of membrane
84
In a water molecule,
oxygen has slight - charge and hydrogen has slight + charge
oxygen has slight + charge and hydrogen has slight - charge
a. There is no charge at all.
a. All of the atoms have a slight positive charge.
85
Where are proteins synthesized in a cell?
polypeptides
ribosomes
vesicles
mitochondria
86
What type of lipid is a major component of the cell membrane?
glycerol
fatty acid
steroid
phospholipid
87
Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?
adenine
thymine
uracil
cytosine
88
This protein is found in tears. Its function is to kill bacteria.
Collagen
Integrin
Lysozyme
Amylase
89
Which statement is correct about proteins
All proteins are enzymes
Antibodies are proteins
There are 20 different proteins
A protein is made of 20 different amino acids in a sequence
90
Which organelle is found on the organelle shown in the micrograph?
vesicle
chromosomes
rough ER
ribosomes
91
How many hydrogen bonds are found between cytosine and guanine?
3
none
2
varies
92
Which of the following organelles has a double membrane?
mitochondria
ribosome
vesicle
vacuole
93
What gives each amino acid its character and leads to such a huge variety in proteins?
COOH group
alpha carbon
amine group
R group
94
Which of the following would increase the rate of diffusion?
increase in temperature
decrease in temperature
decrease in pressure
thicker membrane
95
Which of the following is not an example of a monosaccharide?
ribose
glucose
galactose
maltose
96
Which number points to the organelle responsible for holding spindle fibers in place?
3
5
2
1
97
How many different amino acids are found naturally in biology?
64
15
25
20
98
Which of the following is a unicellular organism that carries out all functions of life?
virus
plant
paramecium
fungi
99
Which statement is part of the cell theory?
Cells come from preexisting cells
Cells have cytoplasm surrounded by a membrane
Cells are composed of organic molecules
Cells have DNA as their genetic material
100
These special extensions of bacteria allow for exchange of genetic material
pili
plasmid
cilia
flagella