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Clinical Reasoning Exam 1
Clinical Reasoning Exam 1
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Logan University Clinical Reasoning Exam 1- Brinkman
Flashcards
69 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
ROS stands for
Review of Symptoms
Report of Symptoms
Reaction of Systems
Review of Systems
2
What happens to the blood pressure reading when you use a cuff that is too big?
No reading will be found
Reading will be lower
Reading will be higher
There is no effect
3
The average physician interrupts their patient within ______ seconds.
30
14
60
5
4
What type of cartilage is the labrum?
Hyaline
Fibrocartilage
Elastic
5
What is a normal blood pressure?
120-129/<80
<120/<80
130-139/80-89
>140/>90
6
What are two types of medical interviews?
World centered
Individual centered
Patient centered
Physician centered
7
What does shivering do?
Nothing
Decrease heat production
Annoys me
Increase heat production
8
Is Nociceptive pain visceral or somatic?
Visceral
Somatic
9
Your patient reports that their spouse has a history of cancer. This info is pertinent to the medical care you provide.
False
True
10
Which of the following would be considered Stage 1 Hypertension?
142/93
119/77
125/78
133/88
11
What is the most common artery to take pulse?
Popliteal artery
Radial artery
Brachial artery
Femoral Artery
12
Why is clinical reasoning important?
Important b/c medical errors often result in malpractice payments
Important b/c medical errors are the 2nd leading cause of adverse effects
Important b/c medical errors are associated with high morbidity
All of these
13
What is an arrhythmia?
Lack of heart beat
Irregular or extra heart beats
Normal heart beat
Rhythm used in music
14
What is the cause for secondary hypertension?
Obesity
Caffeine
Drugs
Alcohol
15
What are the hereditary diseases you are looking for on family history?
Heart disease
Cancer
diabetes
stroke
16
What is BMI?
Body Measuring Influx
Babes Murdering Iguanas
Body Mass Index
Banging Moms Instead
17
When a patient talks about their back pain, what is the best way for you to know where the chief complaint is located?
Ask the patient to point to the area
Ask a family member
Have the patient describe the location
Take an educated guess
18
What is systolic blood pressure?
Pressure in arteries when ventricles are at maximum contraction
Top number
Pressure in arteries when ventricles are relaxing
Bottom number
19
What useful tool helps summarize clinical presentations?
Illness Script
SOAP notes
HEADSS
VINDICATE
20
What is the normal BMI range?
15-19
25-30
12-17
19-24
21
People with disc degeneration and stenosis prefer sitting or standing?
Standing
Sitting
22
What is diastolic blood pressure?
Top number
Bottom number
Pressure in arteries when ventricles are at maximum contraction
Pressure in arteries when ventricles are relaxing
23
The patient doctor relationship is considered referred to as a fiduciary relationship, which is based upon:
Congeniality
Knowledge and skill
Trust and confidence
Personality
24
The 2nd property of medical experts states that they have strong self-monitoring skills known as
metacognition
collaboration
up-to-date
moral commitment
25
The quality of pain is how the patient describes what they feel.
True
False
26
What is analgesia?
Absence of pain sensation
Decreased sensitivity to pain
Paralysis in the anal cavity
Increased sensitivity to pain
27
What do strains affect?
Tendon
Muscle
Ligament
28
what is the order of reasoning for inductive reasoning?
hypothesis--theory--observation--confirmation
theory--hypothesis--observation--confirmation
pattern--tentative hypothesis--observation--theory
observation--pattern--tentative hypothesis-- theory
29
Palliative means something that makes the c/c feel
Better
Worse
Stiff
No different
30
What is the explanation the clinician has for the patient’s symptoms?
Syndrome
Disease
Diagnosis
Illness
31
Does a fever cause your blood pressure to drop or rise?
drop
Rise
32
The purpose of summarizing the HPI is to _____
It gives the patient one more chance to give the doctor more info
Transition statement to help doctor move to the next section of interview
33
What is the sequence of a patient visit?
Obtain patient’s history, formulate diagnosis, examination, treatment plan
Obtain patient’s history, examination, formulate diagnosis, treatment plan
Obtain patient’s history, examination, treatment plan, formulate diagnosis
Examination, obtain patient’s history, formulate diagnosis, treatment plan
34
What is a syndrome?
Something that the doctor tests/observes
A specific medical set of both signs and symptoms
What the patient feels/reports
Signs and symptoms paired with a definite cause
35
People with disc bulges prefer sitting or standing?
Sitting
Standing
36
What HTN is treated prior to end organ damage?
Secondary prevention
Primary prevention
Chronic elevation
37
The intensity of pain described by your patients is known as:
Quality
Aggravating factors
Quantity
Setting
38
What is a normal pulse for an adult?
100-120
80-140
40-60
60-100
39
A family history of heart disease is not important when diagnosing a knee complaint.
True
False
40
What percentage of patients have significant anxiety and depression?
30-40%
80%
15-20%
20-30%
41
The normal amount of respirations is around 12-20 respirations per minute.
True
False
42
Which of the following symptoms pertain to the Constitutional body system?
Heart palpations
Indigestion
Shortness of breath
Fatigue
43
in a history taking, what part is the subjective data?
labs and imaging
observations
what the patient tells you
palpations
44
If a patient comes in holding their arm above their head, would that be considered a sign or symptom?
Symptom
Sign
45
What are the two basic types of medical interviews?
patient information
problem-oriented
health promotion
solution-oriented
46
Muscles, tendons, ligaments and cartilage tend to produce what quality of pain?
Deep and boring
Dull, diffuse and achy
Sharp and radiating
Pins and needles and numbness
47
Bladder and upper respiratory infections are primary viral.
True
False
48
Good communication requires specific language the patient understands.
True
False
49
What are the 7 components of a comprehensive history?
Identify data, C/C, HPI, past history, family history, social history, ROS
Location, Onset, C/C, ROS, Radiation, Past History, Quality
Identify data, C/C, HPI, ROS, Palliative, Provocative, Location
50
What amount of the diagnoses can be made from the history?
1/2
2/3
1/4
1/3
51
What is “White Coat” hypertension?
High BP in the office, normal ambulatory
Normal BP in office, high when ambulatory
High BP in the office, high ambulatory
Normal BP in office, normal ambulatory
52
Why is it painful for a patient with a lumbar disc protrusion to get out of bed, out of a chair, or change positions?
Change in pressure
It increases the lordosis
It decreases the lordosis
53
Hypertension is low blood pressure.
False
True
54
While taking a history, if your patient tells you the pain occurs every month, this info falls under which component?
Onset
Radiation
Timing
Provocative
55
Associated symptoms is part of which component of the history?
Past medical history
HPI
ROS
Family history
56
You must obtain the full patient database in one visit.
False
True
57
deductive reasoning begins with and heavily relies on the
chief complaint
physical exam
patient history
patient illness
58
A comprehensive patient assessment focuses on a specific complaint.
False
True
59
What is fatigue?
Feeling weak
Non-specific loss of energy
Losing interest in daily tasks
60
Ankle sprains are more valgus or varus?
Varus
Valgus
61
Where would you report lab findings in a SOAP note?
Subjective
Plan
Assessment
Objective
62
Three reasons errors can occur
System fault
No fault
Patient fault
Clinician fault
63
HPI stands for _____
History of Past Illness
History of Present Illness
History of Problems and Illness
History of Patient Illness
64
SOAP stands for Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan.
True
False
65
What is tachypnea?
Not breathing
Breathing too rapidly
Breathing too slowly
66
When is blood pressure most accurate?
Averaged over days and weeks
At the time it is taken
At night
In the morning
67
Getting an accurate diagnosis largely depends on data acquired during…
False
True
68
What is White Coat Hypertension?
Doctors having high blood pressure
Elevated blood pressure due to the patient being in a clinical setting
Elevated blood pressure due to the patient standing up
Elevated blood pressure due to exercise
69
What is bradypnea?
Not breathing
Breathing too fast
Breathing too slowly
