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Population Patterns and Processes Flashcards | StudBud
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Population Patterns and Processes
Population Patterns and Processes
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1
The number of people who are too young or too old to work in a society compared to the number of working age people is
Sex ratios
Life expectancy
dependency ratio
Population pyramid
2
Which of the following would Japan not want to do to resolve the problem of its aging population and labor shortage?
Provide financial incentives for families to have more children
Allow immigration of other ethnic groups
Encourage more women to enter the labor force.
Increase the retirement age
3
Which of the following actions would have the greatest effect in lowering the total fertility rate of a country?
Encourage out-migration
Lower the age of marriage
Increase education for girls
Deny women access to contraceptives
4
The world’s annual, WHAT is currently approximately 1.2%, the world’s population is meant to double in about 54 years
Crude birth rate (CBR)
natural increase rate (NIR)
Life increase rate (LIR)
life expectancy rate (LER)
5
Look at #20 above ^
Country A : Stage 2, West Africa; Country B : Stage 4, western Europe
Country A : Stage 2, Latin America; Country B : Stage 3, West Africa
Country A : Stage 4, western Europe; Country B : Stage 2, West Africa
Country A : Stage 3, Latin America; Country B : Stage 2, West Africa
6
What describes the relationship between fertility and education in the United States and Canada in recent decades?
Women are more highly educated correlates with the decline in fertility
highly educated results in a larger number of children entering school
Women are more highly educated correlates with the decline in fertility.
Women who are highly educated correlates with the increase in fertility
7
What religions has always had a ban on artificial birth control, and this acts as a factor to lower fertility rates?
Catholicism
Judaism
Islam
Hinduism
8
Based on the demographic transition model, which region is the best described as exhibiting negative rates of growth?
South Asia
North America
East Asia
Eastern Europe
9
The following population pyramid is for Russia in 2009. What could account for the deficit of men over 70?
The demographic effects of World War Il
A decrease in the working-age population
A government campaign to reduce births
10
Rapidly declining crude death rates are found in which stage of the demographic transition?
Stage 4
Stage 2
Stage 1
Stage 3
11
Which population pyramid shows a population whose birth rate is declining?
Pyramid “S”
Pyramid “C”
Pyramid “B”
Pyramid “A”
12
Which is a bigger concern for the country represented in the pyramid than for countries in other DTM stages?
A faster overall population growth than in previous decades
Big demand for government spending on education and daycare for children
A big demand for government spending on pensions and healthcare for the old
13
Which of the following countries would have the lowest rate of natural increase in population?
United States
Nigeria
Japan
Australia
14
One important feature of the worlds population that has the largest impact on our future is:
The natural increase rate is larger every year
People are uniformly distributed across Earth
The most rapid growth is occurring in the less developed countries
There are fewer people in the world now than at the peak in the 20th centur
15
Country X has a CBR of 45 and a CBR of 15. In what stage of the demographic transition is this country?
Stage 3
Stage 6
Stage 1
Stage 2
16
In countries where males are favored over females, what is one impact of the sex ratio imbalance on the population?
More women will enter the workforce
There will be fewer women of marriageable age
Girls will have more educational opportunities
The elderly population will increase
17
What best explains a population policy South Korea could enact to promote higher birth rates?
No
Lower cost of childcare So that familles can afford to have more children
Lower age of retirement so that older Koreans can work in childcare centers
Lower health insurance so that parents pay more for the cost of childbirth
18
Which of the following is true of the demographic transition model?
Many countries in Latin America are in stage 5.
Not all country do all four stages to reach a decline in births and deaths
All countries in sub-Saharan Africa are still in stage 1 of the model.
developed countries have to do industrialization to move to the next stage
19
An anti-natalist population policy
is meant to raise the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of the population.
is meant to lower the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of the population
encourages population growth
is meant to lower the infant mortality rate
20
Which of the following explains an unintended consequence of China’s anti-natalist one child policy?
More women than men because of a cultural preference for fernale children
More men than women because of a cultural preference for fernale children
age structure shifted to a high youth dependeney due to limiting births
China’s fertility rate dropped below replacement level
21
The higest CDR is found in which stage of the DTM?
Stage 1
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 2
22
Which of the following regions would benefit the most from anti-natalist policies?
South America
Central Asia
Middle Africa
Eastern Europe
23
comparin Malthus’s theory to actual world food production and population growth during the past half-century the diff is
His theory predicted much higher food production than has actually occurred
His theory predicted higher population growth than actually happened
actual food production has been much higher than Malthus predicted.
population increased geometrically & food production increased arithmetic
24
Malthus was primarily concerned with which of the following variables?
Water resources would become so polluted that it’d be hard to irrigate land
Earth’s population would be urban since few people want to work on farms
Earth so populated that it would be hard to control the spread of diseases.
Human pop would grow geometrically, food supply will grow arithmetically
25
growth the population Would reach 12 billion in approximately 45 years. That period of 45 years is known as:
Doubling time
Doubling demographic transition
Double increase rate
Doubling life expectancy
26
The following graph BEST relates to which demographic theory or model?
Malthusian theory
Epidemiological model
Demographic transition model
27
Which region has the lowest fertility rate in the world, based on the chart above?
Europe and Central Asia
Middle East and North Africa
Central America
Sub-Saharan Africa
28
The population pyramid of Naples, Florida, is “upside down,” because the city has a large percentage of
Elderly people
Females
Immigrants
Young people
29
One important feature of the worlds population that has the largest impact on our future is:
People are uniformly distributed across Earth
There’s are fewer people in the world now than at the peak 20th century
The most rapid growth is occurring in less developed countries
The natural increase rate is larger every year
30
Stages 1 and 4 of the Demographic Transition are similar in that
both are developed societies
both have high dependency ratios
both have low growth rates
both have low life expectancies.
31
Which population pyramid best reflects the population structure of a LDC country?
Pyramid “A”
Pyramid “E”
Pyramid “C”
Pyramid “B”
32
Look at #18 above ^
Life expectancy is about 50%
Population ratio is high
Dependency ratio is about 67%
Dependency ratio is about 50%
33
Why was China more successful in implementing an anti-natalist program in the Twentieth century than India?
Not all of India’s states supported the anti-natalist policies
China could impose the “one child” policy but India could not
India did not have the right media campaign to curb its population
India’s many languages made it hard to promote anti-natalist programs
34
Life expectancy is lowest on average in
Africa
North America
Europe
East Asia
35
What do anti- Malthusians like Ester Boserup believe will lead to controlling population growth in the future?
Pop growth promotes new innovations and technologies for food production
New sources of food will be on other planets to augment earths food supply
Humans will be able to control their population growth with contraceptives
Famines will be a natural check on population growth
36
The stages of the epidemiologic transition are based on
non-contagious diseases such as heart disease, obesity, or diabetes
the means through which disease is transmitted spatially
causes of death at varying stages of the demographic transition
pandemics like the bubonic plague, influenza, AIDS
37
Assess which of the following families would most likely contribute to slowing its country’s birth rates
The sons and daughters are encouraged to become active consumers.
Daughters are encouraged to do many years of education before marriage
Girls are provided with “abstinence only” sex-education classes in school.
The sons are encouraged to do many years of education before marriage
38
The bulge on the left side of Population Pyramid “D” is most likely caused by
A cultural preference for male children
An abnormally high out-migration of females
An influx of illegal aliens
A migrant guest-worker program
39
Which population pyramid shows a population that is slowly growing?
Pyramid “A”
Pyramid “C”
Pyramid “B”
Pyramid “D”
40
As the world becomes more urbanized, what will be the effect on the size of families?
Rural-to-urban migration will have no impact on the size of families
Family size depends on how many generations of a family moves to the city
Families will have more children bc they need to woke in factories
Families have less children bc they don’t need them to work on the farm
