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PCP Midterm Prep
PCP Midterm Prep
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1
What sign can be seen from close range firearm injuries?
Abrasions around the wound
Tattoo marks from powder burns
Severe bleeding from the wound
Indentation of cutaneous tissues
2
This is the wall that separates the two sides of the heart.
S.A. Node
Bundle of His
AV Node
Septum
3
During your radio report to the hospital, which piece of information should NOT be relayed?
Baseline vital signs
Patient's name
Patient's status
Patient's age
4
Febrile seizures usually occur in:
Teenagers between 13 and 18 years of age
Adults older than 25 years of age
Patients between 6 months and 6 years of age
Patients younger than 3 months of age
5
Soft-tissue wounds are rarely imminently life threatening.
False
True
6
An appropriately sized blood pressure cuff should:
completely encompass the entire upper arm
cover at least one-third of the patient’s upper arm
cover at least two-thirds of the patient’s upper arm
be two-thirds the size of the upper arm
7
In general, alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonists:
Are used for hypotension.
Decrease the heart rate.
Lower the blood pressure.
Increase vascular resistance.
8
This is a white blood cell.
erythrocyte
leukocyte
thrombocyte
plasmocyte
9
Dizziness and tingling extremities could signify:
hyperventilation
hypoventilation
orthopnea.
hypoxia
10
For an AED to be applied, a patient must be:
Having a confirmed heart attack
In the prone position
At least 20 years old
Unconscious and pulseless
11
Grey Turner sign is defined as ecchymosis of the _________ and is indicative of ________.
back; traumatic aortic aneurysm.
umbilicus; peritoneal bleeding.
epigastrium; stomach rupture.
flanks; retroperitoneal bleeding.
12
What is a scope of practice?
Outlines the care you are able to provide
Outlines specials
Doesn't outline anything
Outlines food choices
13
The study of the metabolism and actions of medications within the body is called:
Pharmacology.
Pharmacodynamics.
Pharmacokinetics.
Biotransformation.
14
Open injuries to the neck require the use of what to prevent the drawing of air into the circulatory system?
A nonadherent dressing
A hemostatic dressing
An occlusive dressing
An adherent dressing
15
This is the valve between the right atrium & right ventricle.
semilunar valve
bicuspid valve
mitral valve
tricuspid valve
16
Which of the following is NOT considered a principle of proper radio usage in EMS?
Use plain English.
Speak with your lips 2 to 3 inches from the microphone.
Speak as quickly as possible.
Make sure the radio is on before speaking.
17
MDIs indicate how many actuations they are designed to deliver, but most patients do not keep track of their dose
False
True
18
Screen-like cylinder inserted into the coronary vessel to hold them open & increase blood flow.
foley catheter
capillary bed
vascular shunt
stent
19
If you are off duty and come upon an accident, you are legally obligated to stop.
False
True
20
cells found in the lining of the airways & produce a blanket of mucus that covers the lining of the conducting airways
Ciliary
Kupffer
Alveolar
Goblet
21
The PCP has a legal duty to act if he or she is
a volunteer, is on duty, and is dispatched on a call
paid for his or her services, but is not on duty
off duty and witnesses a major car accident
out of his or her jurisdiction, and witnesses a man choking
22
Relative to younger adults, older adults generally have a harder time breathing because the:
phrenic nerves send fewer signals to the diaphragm.
rib cage becomes flexible due to hypocalcemia.
diaphragm ascends much higher into the thorax.
natural elasticity of the lungs decreases.
23
All of the following are Atrioventricular Valves EXCEPT;
tricuspid valve
mitral valve
bicuspid valve
aortic valve
24
Patients with an inadequate secretion of the hormone insulin have a disease called:
Pancreatitis
Diabetes
Hypoinsulin
Sclerosis of the liver
25
Which of the following is a characteristic of referred pain?
It is caused by psychological stress.
It is usually described as "crampy" or "colicky."
It is only felt in hollow organs.
It is felt in a location other than the organ causing it.
26
All of the following are economic incentives used to help prevent injury EXCEPT:
decreasing insurance rates for safe drivers.
offering free bike helmets to encourage use.
threatening a lawsuit against product manufacturers.
increasing taxes to install guardrails.
27
Which of the following conditions is likely to develop in geriatric burn patients during fluid resuscitation?
Pulmonary edema
Cardiac or respiratory arrest
Hypervolemia
Bradycardia
28
sudden and dramatic loss of blood
aplastic anemia
pernicious anemia
post-hemorrhagic anemia
sickle cell anemia
29
The best measurement of ventilation is the:
Paco2 level
Po2 level
Spo2 level
CO2 level
30
Management of the suicidal patient includes all of the following
except
:
communication.
a SAMPLE history.
psychoanalysis of the patient by the EMS.
a physical examination.
31
Bruising to the RUQ of the abdomen following blunt trauma is MOST suggestive of injury to the:
stomach.
spleen.
kidney.
liver.
32
Strength of a person’s peripheral pulses is related to:
heart rate and preload.
stroke volume and pulse pressure.
physical size and blood pressure.
cardiac output and heart rate.
33
Which of the following statements regarding your general impression of the patient is correct?
General pt survey begins as you perform the initial assessment of the pt
Environment in which the pt is found is > significant than the appearance
Little information can be gained from the pt without a hands-on assessment
Its not uncommon for pts in 10/10 pain to present with a quiet/still affect
34
What type of pain has its origin in a particular location but is described by the pt as pain in a different location?
Referred pain
Somatic pain
Visceral pain
Radiating pain
35
Anticholinergics have emerged as a central component in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
False
True
36
As a result of the increase in diastolic blood pressure associated with aging:
the left ventricle works harder, becomes thicker, and loses its elasticity.
the heart valves become stiff and impede blood flow through the heart.
cardiac output progressively increases secondary to decreased afterload.
the ventricles overfill with blood, resulting in chronic CHF
37
This is the pacemaker of the heart.
atrioventricular node
sinoatrial node
bundle of his
purkinje fibers
38
Perhaps the simplest way to determine if a patient has a patent airway is to:
check for adequate chest rise.
say "hello."
auscultate for breath sounds.
determine a respiratory rate.
39
A(n) ________ set of vital signs is important for critical decision making
accurate
repeated
complete
unbiased
40
_________ skin indicates cardiovascular dysfunction
Flushed
Pale
Cyanotic
Mottled
41
Which of the following may cause a patient to exhibit abnormal behavior?
Allergic reaction
Decapitation
Hypoxia
Gastroenteritis
42
You should prioritize the needs of your patient based on the:
Distance from the scene to the closest medical facility.
Patient’s age and the results of his or her initial vital signs.
Patient’s interpretation of the seriousness of the situation.
Injury or illness that requires the most urgent treatment.
43
It is never legal to forcibly restrain someone.
False
True
44
The purpose of a closed-ended question is to:
enable the paramedic to gauge the patient’s mentation.
allow the patient to describe what he or she is feeling.
obtain reliable information about a patient’s complaint.
elicit a specific response from the patient.
45
Shock that occurs secondary to a myocardial infarction is called ________ shock.
Distributive
Cardiogenic
Hypovolemic
Obstructive
46
Cells make up tissues, tissues make up organs, and organs make up:
sections.
organelles.
groups.
systems.
47
Patient is in shock, radial pulse not palpable,which may be useful to monitor rate and quality?
Subclavian
Carotid
Dorsalis pedis
Ulnar
48
The wrist is ________ to the elbow.
medial
inferior
distal
dorsal
49
This delivers de-oxygenated blood from the upper body and the head.
Superior Aortic Valve
Inferior Sentinel Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
50
Ideally what is the preferred number of rescuers when using a stair chair?
Two: one in front and one in back
Three: two lifting and one spotting
Only one with the track-like chair
Four: one for each corner of the device
51
With regard to pulse oximetry, the more hypoxic a patient becomes:
the faster he or she will desaturate.
the slower he or she will desaturate.
the less reliable the pulse oximeter is.
the slower his or her partial pressure of oxygen will fall.
52
hypothermia, poor blood clotting, and acidosis that significantly increases mortality in trauma pts is known as:
hypovolemic shock.
cardiogenic shock.
hemostasis
the trauma triad of death.
53
What is battery?
lawfully touching a person
putting someone in fear
unlawfully touching a person
scything something not true
54
Patients who suffer from severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease often have jugular vein distension.
True
False
55
Administering large amounts of an isotonic crystalloid solution to a patient with internal bleeding would MOST likely:
cause acute hypotension as fluid is drawn from the vascular space.
expand the vascular space and improve systemic perfusion.
change the ratio of hemoglobin and red blood cells.
increase the severity of internal bleeding by interfering with hemostasis.
56
When auscultating the lungs of a patient with early pulmonary edema, you will MOST likely hear:
inspiratory rhonchi to the bilateral apices of the lungs.
coarse crackles to the bases of the lungs during inspiration.
faint rhonchi to all lung fields on inspiration and expiration.
crackles in the bases of the lungs at the end of inspiration.
57
What word would be used to refer to a patient's rapid breathing?
Tachypnea
Tachycardia
Dyspnea
Dyseffusion
58
Which of the following is NOT part of the general impression?
Patient's age and race
Position in which the patient is found
Patient's past medical history
Patient's facial expression
59
When wearing gloves while taking care of a patient, you should:
routinely apply two pairs of gloves for added protection.
ensure that the gloves are sterile before you touch the patient.
avoid removing them until patient care has been completed.
take them off before you drive the ambulance to the hospital.
60
The primary reason to change gloves between contact with different patients
minimize the amount of time the PCP's hands are in gloves
To protect the PCP from becoming infected
To prevent spreading infection to the next patient
To ensure soiled gloves are changed as soon as possible
61
EMS systems can direct entire episodes of care with patients being treated and released at the scene
True
False
62
If a person survives the initial trauma from a shotgun wound at close range:
nervous system damage is likely due to the internal dispersal of pellets
contaminants that were driven into the wound can cause a severe infection
typically dies within 24 hours secondary to liver or renal failure
it is likely that only soft tissue was injured and major organs were spared
63
Which of the following patients should have an AED attached?
An unconscious 6-year-old boy with a pulse
A pulseless 25-year-old man
A 46-year-old complaining of chest pain
A 58-year-old man complaining of fluttering in his chest
64
Pain that originates in an organ, such as the intestines, is called ________ pain.
parietal
acute
referred
visceral
65
What is another term for the frontal aspect of the body?
Caudal
Anterior
Posterior
Dorsal
66
The classic presentation of chronic bronchitis is:
thin male pt with pursed-lip breathing and a hx of heavy cigarette smoking
dry hacking cough and a barrel chest due to chronic pulmonary air trapping
expiratory wheezing and JVD due to pulmonary hypertension
excessive mucus production and a chronic or recurrent productive cough
67
This is the protective sac that surrounds the heart.
pericardium
pleura
perimetrium
peristalsis
68
The brief pause between the P wave and the QRS complex represents:
the period of time when the atria are repolarizing.
depolarization of the inferior part of the atria.
a momentary conduction delay through the AV junction.
full dispersal of electricity throughout both atria.
69
Heroin is an example of a(n):
sympathomimetic.
opioid.
hypnotic.
cholinergic.
70
Harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sounds are characteristic of:
stridor.
rhonchi.
rales.
wheezing.
71
A medication is called an antagonist if:
it stimulates a receptor site to cause the response that receptor causes.
it blocks the receptor site from being stimulated by other chemicals.
the chemical mediator of a receptor has a higher affinity than the med
it attaches to a receptor site and produces an effect or series of effects.
72
Which of the following factors should be considered before lifting any patient?
Communications
All of the above
The weight of the patient
Your physical limitations
73
The oxygen flow rate for a nasal cannula should not exceed ________ liters per minute.
8
2
4
6
74
Blockage of a coronary artery resulting in death of heart tissue defines:
Coronary insufficiency
Cardiac arrest
Respiratory Arrest
Angina pectoris
75
Patients with thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the veins in the legs) are at high risk of:
ongoing cyanosis.
cardiac arrest.
pulmonary embolism.
deep venous thrombosis.
76
If health care providers show up physically fit and prepared for work:
they will be able to tolerate higher call volumes.
they are less likely to get hurt.
sleep deprivation will not affect them.
their patient care will be better.
77
A(n) _________ medication name is generally derived from the chemical name, but is shorter and simpler.
Trade
Generic
Official
Brand
78
An injury caused by an object that passes through the skin or other body tissue is known as:
Puncturing trauma
Penetrating trauma
Impaling trauma
Cavitating trauma
79
The term
lateral
is best defined as:
to the back of.
under the arms.
toward the middle of.
to the side.
80
Which of the following statements regarding peer review is correct?
Peer review is not a tool to demean or belittle a fellow paramedic.
The EMS administrator is the ideal person to conduct the review.
It is preferable to use the same people to conduct all peer reviews.
Review findings should be shared with others to facilitate learning.
81
Air in the pleural space is called a:
Hydrothorax
Hemothorax
Cardiac tamponade
Pneumothorax
82
Afterload is defined as the:
amount of resistance to blood flow offered by the heart valves.
amount of blood ejected from the ventricle with each contraction.
pressure in the aorta against which the left ventricle must pump.
volume of blood remaining in the ventricles following contraction.
83
For a pediatric pt, epinephrine is usually administered by an autoinjector at a dose of __ mg.
0.3
0.2
0.1
0.15
84
Endothelial cells that line the inside of blood vessels:
are made of epithelial squamous cells.
are nonliving cells made of protein.
are composed of specialized nervous tissue.
regulate blood flow and coagulation.
85
EMS-enabling legislation:
defines a physician’s scope of practice.
develops local or regional EMS protocols.
defines how EMS is structured.
appoints a system’s medical director.
86
Which of the following factors suggest that a patient is at risk for suicide?
All of the above
Recent emotional trauma
Sudden improvement in depression
Alcohol and drug abuse
87
The MOST common site of deceleration injury in the chest is the:
esophagus.
vena cava.
heart.
aorta.
88
Which traumatic conditions may account for signs and symptoms of a behavioral emergency?
Fractured lumbar vertebra
10% BSA partial thickness burn
Internal hemorrhage
Fractured tibia
89
What is rigor mortis?
stiffening of surrounding structures
stiffening of body muscles
a new heavy metal band
decomposition of a body
90
Upon assessment you see your patient has cool, sweaty skin. This finding is best described as:
Symptom
Complaint
Sign
Diagnosis
91
A well-written prehospital care report must contain:
Legibility, clarity, accuracy, and completeness
Judgmental opinions, honesty, accuracy, and completeness
Clarity, accuracy, completeness, and judgmental opinions 2
Accuracy, clarity, chronology, and completeness
92
Nitroglycerin acts to relieve chest pain by which of the following mechanisms?
Causes vasodilation
Increases blood pressure
Increases the force of contraction
Increases heart rate
93
When the heart contracts and forces blood into the arteries, the pressure created is known as:
central venous pressure.
pulse pressure.
diastolic blood pressure.
systolic blood pressure.
94
Implied consent is based on the premise that a patient:
will die unless emergency medical treatment is provided immediately.
would refuse any emergency medical care if he or she were unconscious.
would consent to care because of the seriousness of his or her injury.
is of legal age and is able to make rational decisions regarding care.
95
Statements such as “Please say more” or “Please feel welcome to tell me about that” are examples of:
reflecting.
sympathizing.
facilitating.
clarifying.
96
Your priority in caring for a patient with a surface contact poisoning is to:
obtain and maintain a patent airway.
avoid contaminating yourself.
decontaminate the patient's skin.
move the patient to a safe area.
97
The main goal of any continuous quality improvement program is to:
Identify and remove paramedics who are not competent.
Revamp protocols based on the current standards of care.
romptly correct any problems once they are identified.
Assess for ongoing improvement before a problem arises.
98
Which abdominal quadrant contains the appendix?
Left lower
Right upper
Right lower
Left upper
99
When examining the abdomen, the PCP divides the abdomen into:
Two sectors
Four quadrants
Four sectors
Two quadrants
100
This is hardening of the arteries.
stroke
hemophilia
arteriosclerosis
murmur