A 12-year-old native Spanish speaker who has been an ELL student for three years is most likely to do which of these:

Use multiple negation inappropriately

If the goal of a language-intervention program is to facilitate the functional use of linguistic forms, then it should:

Present and elicit the forms in naturalistic contexts

Which of these would be effective in remediating a falsetto voice for an adult male with a severe bilateral hearing loss

Manual depression of the larynx

Most state laws regarding freedom of access to information stipulate that client records can be reviewed by:

The clients only, unless they provide written permission to share

An SLP in their CF year wishes to use a home office to implement a 4 week program. To comply with ASHA, the SLP must:

Work directly under the supervision of an ASHA certified/licensed SLP

Remediation for a patient showing severe nasalization & breathy voice after surgery on the base of the brain should be:

Evaluation for prosthetic and/or surgical intervention

Which of the following would be most likely to help a client who has aphonia?

Development of phonation through coughing or throat clearing

For which of these can the SLP to refer a client to a prosthodontist for construction of a palatal lift appliance?

Flaccid paralysis of the soft palate

Which of the following is a statement of a treatment objective that reflects a linguistic approach to treatment:

The child will contrast alveolar stops with velar stops in word pairs

Which statement compares the cognitive problems of kids with brain injuries with the cognitive problems kids with LD

Kids with brain injuries often have more difficulty managing their deficits

Which of the following is the best example of a functional communication treatment objective? The Client will:

Use the telephone to request information or assistance in 80% of situations

The basic reason for using standardized/normative instruments for assessing language and speech function is:

To provide a comparison against a standard and to contribute to a database

A single exposure of several hours to continuous music with an overall level of 100 dB SPL will most likely produce:

Tinnitus and a temporary threshold shift in the high frequencies

All of the following clients with neurogenic disorders of communication will have poor management prognosis except:

John, who has a closed head injury resulting in slight concussion

What is a good recommendation for a child that demonstrates gliding, stridency deletion, & final consonant deletion.

Should begin treatment using a phonological approach; focus on final sounds

The best way to achieve a goal of facilitating growth in play is to begin by facilitating the child's

Use of pretend play, such as brushing a doll's hair

Which of the following is true of the terms "agent" and "subject" as they are used to describe language? They should be:

Kept distinct; agent depends on semantics & subject depends on syntax

Naturalistic teaching chiefly involves which of the following:

Establishing successful and useful communication

A 5-year-old with a repaired cleft palate continues to use glottal stops, and pharyngeal fricatives. The SLP should:

Initiate artic. treatment to teach the right placement for stops/fricatives

Of the following, the major objective of auditory training in the treatment of a client with hearing loss is to:

Teach the client to make discriminations among speech sounds

Which of the following is an accurate statement about whispered speech?

It is composed largely of aperiodic sounds

Which of these will best improve the communicative ability of a patient showing poor intelligibility and vocal quality:

Augmentative communication system

A clinician who employs active listening is doing which of the following:

Responding to both the content and the affect of the client's remarks

Visuospatial disorganization, unilateral neglect, & lack of facial expression are indicative of

Right-hemisphere traumatic brain injury

It is most appropriate for the SLP to treat hyperadduction of the vocal folds by having the client:

Use light and gentle vocal-fold contacts

Which of the following treatment goals related to pragmatics best addresses a young child's use of language? The child:

Will request a turn (verbal/gestures) in a play situation 90% of the time

Prior to initiating voice intervention, it is most important that the SLP gather information about the:

Cause of the client's voice problem

Intervention from an SLP for a nursing home resident who is in a late stage of progressive dementia should focus on:

Assisting in communication routines

An SLP found that a 4-month-old infant failed to localize environmental sounds. What should the SLP recommend?

Evaluation of auditory function by an audiologist

According to research on Brown's morphemes, which of the following is a determinant of acquisition order?

Semantic and syntactic complexity

Which of these is the easiest way for a speaker to determine whether there is inappropriate nasal airflow?

Speaking while alternately leaving the nostrils open & pinching them closed

Language intervention from a psycholinguistic perspective is a facilitation process that can be described best as

Exploitation of available repertoire and metalinguistic activities

How often does an SLP need to perform an assessment & write a treatment plan to ensure that Medicare will cover services

Every 9 weeks as long as treatment is necessary

The best recommendation to a teacher for a student that talks during class and rarely listens to instructions is:

Refer the child for evaluation by members of the child-study team

Which of these is the best choice for a client showing poor oral control of bolus, coughing, and a Hx of aspiration PNA:

Obtain a MBSS to determine whether oral feedings are appropriate

The major component of an audiologic rehabilitation program for infants with a moderate sensorineural hearing loss is:

Parent-mediated auditory stimulation

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Questions from the ETS Official Study Guide

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Questions 100

Answers

1
A 12-year-old native Spanish speaker who has been an ELL student for three years is most likely to do which of these:
Use incorrect word order within prepositional phrases
Use conjunctions in place of prepositions
Use multiple negation inappropriately
Use labiodental fricatives in place of velar fricatives
2
Which type of cerebral palsy is characterized by slow, arrhythmic, writhing, & involuntary movements of the extremities?
Spasticity
Hypotonia
Rigidity
Athetosis
3
If the goal of a language-intervention program is to facilitate the functional use of linguistic forms, then it should:
Present and elicit the forms in naturalistic contexts
Stress structured gamelike situations that use imitative tasks
Stress imitation of the forms to be learned
Focus on comprehension tasks that are just above their linguistic level
4
A correct response rate of 51% on a two-choice picture-pointing task would most likely indicate which of the following:
Readiness to progress to a three-picture point task
Successful intervention
Development of crucial discrimination skills by the client
A random pointing response
5
Which of these would be effective in remediating a falsetto voice for an adult male with a severe bilateral hearing loss
Manual depression of the larynx
Manual elevation of the larynx
Auditory training
Pushing exercises
6
Most state laws regarding freedom of access to information stipulate that client records can be reviewed by:
Anyone who submits a formal written request
Other health care professionals only
The clients only, unless they provide written permission to share
The individual or the agency that has referred the client
7
An SLP in their CF year wishes to use a home office to implement a 4 week program. To comply with ASHA, the SLP must:
Work directly under the supervision of an ASHA certified/licensed SLP
Provide weekly updates about the program to the local school district
Obtain permission from the local school district supervisor
Have the program approved by a second, more experienced SLP
8
Remediation for a patient showing severe nasalization & breathy voice after surgery on the base of the brain should be:
Complete vocal rest
Evaluation for prosthetic and/or surgical intervention
A trial period using the yawn-sign technique
Strengthening exercises for the oral articulators
9
Which of the following would be most likely to help a client who has aphonia?
Development of hard glottal attack
Pairing the production of /s/ and /z/
Respiratory exercises
Development of phonation through coughing or throat clearing
10
For which of these can the SLP to refer a client to a prosthodontist for construction of a palatal lift appliance?
Mouth Breathing
Flaccid paralysis of the soft palate
Congenially short palate
Submucous cleft palate
11
Which of the following is NOT useful for the assessment of swallowing ability?
Bedside evaluation
Videofluoroscopy
Gastrostomy
Fiber optic endoscopy
12
Which of the following is a statement of a treatment objective that reflects a linguistic approach to treatment:
The child will produce /r/ in isolation without lip-rounding
Coarticulate stop plus liquid clusters as easily as other same-age children
The child will contrast alveolar stops with velar stops in word pairs
Produce voiceless alveolar sibilants correctly in unstructured conversation
13
Which statement compares the cognitive problems of kids with brain injuries with the cognitive problems kids with LD
Kids with brain injuries often require less repetitive teaching and cuing
Kids with learning disabilities tend to have poorer social skills
Kids with LD tend to have greater difficulty with information overload
Kids with brain injuries often have more difficulty managing their deficits
14
Which of the following is the best example of a functional communication treatment objective? The Client will:
Produce syntactically complete sentences in a picture-description task
Name 80% fo the pictures of common objects presented
Use the telephone to request information or assistance in 80% of situations
Answer with 80% accuracy yes/no questions about a paragraph read to them
15
The basic reason for using standardized/normative instruments for assessing language and speech function is:
To provide a comparison against a standard and to contribute to a database
To chart precise increments of change
To provide information for developing specific objectives for intervention
To provide specific diagnostic information to the client's family
16
A single exposure of several hours to continuous music with an overall level of 100 dB SPL will most likely produce:
Tinnitus and a temporary threshold shift in the high frequencies
A permanent threshold shift
A temporary threshold shift in the low frequencies
Tinnitus and a distortion of speech perception
17
A 4-year-old is showing poor oral-motor control and dysphagia to which of the following should the client be referred:
An otolaryngologist
A physical therapist
A neurologist
A psychologist
18
All of the following clients with neurogenic disorders of communication will have poor management prognosis except:
Jim, who has a penetrating head injury resulting in paralysis
Mary, who has Alzheimer's disease
Juan, who had amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
John, who has a closed head injury resulting in slight concussion
19
What is a good recommendation for a child that demonstrates gliding, stridency deletion, & final consonant deletion.
Treatment is not needed this year as the child's speech will improve later
Should begin treatment for /p/ as it is an earlier acquired sound
The child should be referred to a psychologist
Should begin treatment using a phonological approach; focus on final sounds
20
Which error is likely to persist the longest in children who are learning English and are typically developing?
Final-consonant deletion
Stopping
Consonant cluster reduction
Assimilation
21
The best way to achieve a goal of facilitating growth in play is to begin by facilitating the child's
Use of pretend play, such as brushing a doll's hair
Purposeful exploration of toys
Object awareness
Exploration by mouthing or banging of toys
22
Hearing loss in infants born with cleft palate is usually related to which of the following:
Eustachian tube dysfunction
The infant's ability to create positive pressure in the oral cavity
Cochlear dysfunction
Inadequate neonatal care
23
Which of the following is true of the terms "agent" and "subject" as they are used to describe language? They should be:
Interchanged; both subjects and agents always precede the verb
Interchanged; both always agree syntactically with the verb
Kept distinct; agent depends on semantics & subject depends on syntax
Kept distinct; it is always possible to determine a subject, not an agent
24
Naturalistic teaching chiefly involves which of the following:
Using multiple trials and training techniques
Establishing successful and useful communication
Developing complex syntactic structures
Using more adult-initiated than child-initiated interactions
25
A 5-year-old with a repaired cleft palate continues to use glottal stops, and pharyngeal fricatives. The SLP should:
Initiate voice treatment to teach a soft glottal attack
Refer the child back to the surgeon
Recommend the child be examined by a cleft palate team
Initiate artic. treatment to teach the right placement for stops/fricatives
26
Of the following, the major objective of auditory training in the treatment of a client with hearing loss is to:
Increase the client's kinesthetic awareness
Teach the client to make discriminations among speech sounds
Improve the client's kinesthetic and auditory awareness
Improve the client's awareness of position and movements for speech
27
Primary motor innervation to the larynx and velum is provided by which cranial nerve?
IXth
VIIth
Vth
Xth
28
Which of the following is an accurate statement about whispered speech?
Most people can produce longer utterances per breath while using it
Spectographic analysis of it reveals no discernible formants for vowels
It is composed largely of aperiodic sounds
It is produced by directly contacting the arytenoid cartilages
29
The most common phonological problem later evidenced by children with a Hx of otitis media during before age 2 is:
Stridency deletion
Nasal deviation
Glide deviation
Velar deviation
30
Which of these will best improve the communicative ability of a patient showing poor intelligibility and vocal quality:
Amplification device
Augmentative communication system
Palatal-lift prothesis
Pharyngeal flap
31
A clinician who employs active listening is doing which of the following:
Responding to both the content and the affect of the client's remarks
Listening very carefully and taking extensive notes
Directing the client to specific answers to questions
Conducting a clinician-directed interview
32
Visuospatial disorganization, unilateral neglect, & lack of facial expression are indicative of
Left-hemisphere cerebrovascular accident
Alzheimer's dementia
Right-hemisphere traumatic brain injury
Bilateral traumatic brain injury
33
It is most appropriate for the SLP to treat hyperadduction of the vocal folds by having the client:
Use drills with exaggerated contrastive stress on words
Use light and gentle vocal-fold contacts
Attempt quick onset of phonation
Increase loudness
34
Which of the following treatment goals related to pragmatics best addresses a young child's use of language? The child:
Will produce final consonants in 90% of 1-syllable words in conversation
Will request a turn (verbal/gestures) in a play situation 90% of the time
Will produce correct velars in conversation 90% of the time
Will produce a 2-word combination in a treatment session 90% of the time
35
Prior to initiating voice intervention, it is most important that the SLP gather information about the:
Client's breathing patterns
Client's oral-motor skills
Client's production of /s/ and /z/
Cause of the client's voice problem
36
In a study of the relation of vocal loudness to acoustic variables that inform prosody, the independent variable is:
Vocal loudness
Speech intelligibility
Prosody of speech
Gender of the speaker
37
Intervention from an SLP for a nursing home resident who is in a late stage of progressive dementia should focus on:
Conversational intelligibility
Assisting in communication routines
Recall of salient vocabulary words
Comprehension of social discourse
38
An SLP found that a 4-month-old infant failed to localize environmental sounds. What should the SLP recommend?
Consideration of auditory amplification
Evaluation of auditory function by an audiologist
A psychological evaluation
Counseling for the parents concerning hearing loss
39
According to research on Brown's morphemes, which of the following is a determinant of acquisition order?
Frequency of use in adult speech
Phonological ease of production
Semantic and syntactic complexity
40
Language intervention for a child at the 1-word stage is most strongly influenced by a consideration of the child's:
Cognitive skills
Syntactic skills
Articulation skills
Motor skills
41
Which of these is the easiest way for a speaker to determine whether there is inappropriate nasal airflow?
Speaking while alternately leaving the nostrils open & pinching them closed
Monitoring production of consonant blends
Looking in a mirror while speaking
Holding a feather in front of the mouth while speaking
42
Language intervention from a psycholinguistic perspective is a facilitation process that can be described best as
Behavior management with a varied-ratio reinforcement schedule
Exploitation of available repertoire and metalinguistic activities
Carrier phrases incorporating new items
Drill and rehearsal with variations
43
How often does an SLP need to perform an assessment & write a treatment plan to ensure that Medicare will cover services
Every 9 weeks as long as treatment is necessary
Within 6 months of the hospitalization
As long as the client continues to need therapy
At least weekly
44
From that same study, it is correct to say that prosody changes when someone with dysarthria increases loudness.
False
True
45
The best recommendation to a teacher for a student that talks during class and rarely listens to instructions is:
Put the child on a management system for classroom behavior
Refer the child for evaluation by members of the child-study team
Reject the idea of sending the child for speech services
Have the school counselor consider working with the child on self-control
46
How would the daily hydration needs of a patient with a PEG tube for feedings and a Hx of penetration be best met?
Nectar-thick liquids perorally in portions of a teaspoon or less
PEG tube primarily
Honey-thick liquids perorally in portions of a teaspoon or less
Thin liquids perorally in portions of a half teaspoon or less
47
Which of these is the best choice for a client showing poor oral control of bolus, coughing, and a Hx of aspiration PNA:
Thicken liquids so that the client will have better oral control
Evaluate the client's eating of a variety of foods to find the safest foods
Teach the caregivers how to control the client's mandibular function
Obtain a MBSS to determine whether oral feedings are appropriate
48
The major component of an audiologic rehabilitation program for infants with a moderate sensorineural hearing loss is:
Development of cognitive skills
Parent-mediated auditory stimulation
Development of social skills
Gestural stimulation
49
Which is the major physical or organic factor underlying impairment in the speech of persons with cleft palate
Palatopharyngeal insufficiency
Irregular vocal fold abduction
Broad irregular maxillary arch
Congenital hearing loss from otitis media
50
An SLP has targeted stopping using the word "shoes", what is the next word the SLP should use to test generalizability?
Fished
Ocean
Shook
Shouting
51
Which of the following is a technique that most often is useful for temporary remediation of a delayed swallowing reflex
Thermal stimulation
The Mendelssohn maneuver
Cricopharyngeal myotomy
Chin tuck
52
Following anoxic encephalopathy, clients are likely to experience the most significant long-term impairments in:
Dysphagia
Prosody
Aphonia
Memory
53
According to mourning theory, when are parents most receptive to information/advice from professionals about their child
When the parents are making decisions about future care for the child
During the mourning period, when the newborn is dismissed from the hospital
When the parents are working through their feelings
During the recovery period, when the parents have greater confidence
54
Compared with children who do not have language disorders, children with language disorders tend to:
Take more conversational turns
Ask fewer open-ended questions
Initiate topics and direct the flow of conversation more
Be less differential and more assertive conversational partners
55
The most reasonable standard to apply when judging whether a client has achieved generalization of a targeted skill is:
They use the skill during stimulus conditions not present in intervention
The client correctly produces the skill effortlessly and without hesitation
The client is able to monitor errors/correct them with only minimal cues
The client no longer needs the clinician to present auditory/visual cues
56
Which test item would be LEAST biased against speakers of African American Vernacular English in a test of morphology?
Use of third-person singular, present tense -s ending
Use of the past-tense ending -ed
Use of sentences with multiple negation
Agreement of personal pronouns with their antecedents in gender and number
57
Phonation for esophageal speech usually results from the vibration of which of the following structures:
The glossopharyngeus muscle
The buccinator muscle
The cricopharyngeus muscle
The cricothyroideus muscle
58
Control over the fundamental frequency of the laryngeal tone is most closely related to the activity of which muscles?
Hyoglossus
Posterior cricoarytenoid
Lateral cricoarytenoid
Cricothyroid
59
When treating a client who is using an electronic augmentative communication device, the primary goal of the SLP is to:
Help the client develop the skills needed to move to a better aid
Train them to use the aid as independently and interactively as possible
Ensure their caregivers can use and modify the aid
Ensure they develop skill in using every technical aspect of the aid
60
Which statement demonstrates that a child's communication problem is cased by physiological problems?
The child does not have a functional articulation disorder
He/she shows a motor-speech disorder and is unable to perform oral movement
His/her dentition is not yet fully developed but is WNL for his/her age
The child has a developmental delay, exhibiting speech that is not WNL
61
Which of the following is most likely to represent a dialectical variation if observed in an African American child
/w/ for /r/ in prevocalic position
/θ/ for /s/ in all positions
/f/ for /θ/ in postvocalic position
Affricates for fricatives in word-final position
62
A client is diagnosed with a fluency disorder, which of the following would indicate the best prognosis for treatment
He received speech therapy when he was a junior & senior in high school
His employer has asked him to seek help for his dysfluency
He considers himself to be only mildly fluent
He has recently graduated from college and is preparing to seek employment
63
Which of the following communication disorders is most frequently associated with significant dysphagia
Aphasia
Flaccid dysarthria
Ataxic dysarthria
Psychogenic mutism
64
Of the following sentences, which represents the greatest degree of syntactic complexity?
John isn't helping Bill.
Why isn't John helping Bill?
Is John helping Bill?
Why is John helping Bill?
65
TY is a reluctant communicator with a mixed exp./rec. language delay, what should be the initial treatment goal for TY?
Encouraging more use of socially appropriate/semantically diverse responses
Widening his range of social contexts to stress working/playing with peers
Minimizing his use of conversation until he is better adjusted socially
Increasing his use of assertive conversational acts/variety of contexts
66
Computer software that has been developed to facilitate speech and language treatment can best be used:
By clients under the direction of SLPs
When SLPs are unavailable
By clients in place of services that would otherwise be provided by a SLP
When the client refuses to communicate with the SLP
67
A pt. who has had Alzheimer's disease for 9 years recently showed more severe deficits in many areas. The SLP should
Examine his QoL and, if necessary, educate the staff on his communication
Recommend individual treatment beginning where he is least deficient
Initiate group treatment with other adults with language impairments
Recommend individual treatment beginning where he is most deficient
68
In the treatment of acute Wernicke's aphasia, the initial focus should be on:
Improving client's ability to elaborate verbally
Encouraging client to sing
Encouraging self-monitoring of the adequacy of verbal output
Increasing the rate of speech
69
Which of the following should be the primary focus of early intervention for at-risk infants?
Training primary caregivers to facilitate language learning
Creating readiness activities in the context of play
Establishing object permanence through play activities
Introducing the use of augmentative communication
70
Which of these is the LEAST important to include on a report to justify services for a 2 1/2 year old with CAS:
Relevant prognostic data
Information about apraxia of speech
A description of the language development of the child's older siblings
Information about the child's language development
71
An SLP is behaving ethically when he/she does which of the following:
Refuses to deliver services on the basis of a client's sexual orientation
Diagnoses a speech disorder solely through correspondence
Offers general information of an educational nature by correspondence
Indicates the specific duration of the therapeutic program
72
A child inserts inappropriate sounds in certain environments (ex: fpish for fish), which is the best treatment target?
Words containing phonemes like the ones the child makes the insertion for
Repeated practice with phonemes the child finds easy
Words containing phonemes with distinctive features
Words important in the child's environment
73
Treatment for apraxia of speech most appropriately emphasizes:
Pitch, vocal intensity, vocal quality, and prosody
Coordination of respiration with phonation and articulation
Auditory discrimination, resonance, and respiration
Auditory-visual stimulation, oral-motor repetition, and phonetic placement
74
Children diagnosed with having SLI are likely to exhibit the greatest deficits in which of the following:
Comprehension of short sentences
Production of sentences with appropriate inflectional morphology and syntax
Acquisition of word meanings
Motoric aspects of written expression
75
Which of the following statements about the Speech Reception Threshold is most accurate:
It makes use of test materials that are limited to monosyllabic words
The intensity level where spondaic words can be recognized 50% of the time
It is useful in validating acoustic immittance measures
It is more difficult to administer than pure tone audiometry
76
Which of the following is generally considered most effective and appropriate for viewing the VF during phonation:
Endoscopy
Fluoroscopy
Stroboscopy
Radiology
77
Which of the following is a type of perturbation that can be measured to determine the amount of noise in the voice?
F3 cycle-to-cycle variations in sound energy over time
Changes in the frequency range between F0 and F1 over time
F0 cycle-to-cycle variations in period over time
Changes in the frequency range between F2 and F3 over time
78
The most serious limitation of employing imitation as an intervention strategy for clients with a language impairment is
Imitation is clinician controlled
Imitation relies on semantic knowledge
Imitation is contextualized speech
Imitation lacks communicative intention
79
Of the following, which is generally the most appropriate treatment goal for a client with a laryngectomy?
Restoration of oral communication
Use of a voice prothesis
Acceptance of the alaryngeal status
Participation in a support group
80
Cognitive therapy for stuttering focuses on which of the following?
Ending the dysfluent speech behavior by withholding positive reinforcement
Changing faulty beliefs about self-control & perceived benefits
Changing handedness when use of right hand was forced
Providing positive reinforcement during periods of fluent speech
81
While mental age should not be used to specify the need for treatment, it can be used as a performance criterion because
Using chronological age would under-identify language disorders
Mental age is an error-free measurement
Mental age always correlates with verbal performance
Using chronological age would overidentify language disorders
82
A child who is a bilingual English-Spanish speaker said "I cutted it" & "she eated". Where should remediation begin?
Adjectives and imperatives
Irregular verbs
Prepositional phrases
Conjunctions and embedding
83
For a client with articulation errors that consist of f/v and s/z, the SLP should begin remediation that focuses on:
Manner
Fricatives
Voicing
Place
84
A man in his forties who exhibits glottal fry and uses his voice extensively would be at high risk for:
Vocal nodules
Contact ulcers
Spastic dysphonia
Ventricular dysphonia
85
An SLP has a caseload limit of 65 students, the principle wants the SLP to enroll 10 more students. The SLP should:
Enroll 1 student & give the principle a written statement of caseload needs
Refer the 10 students to a SLP working in a private setting
Suggest that the principle ask an SLP from another district to take them
Maintain the current caseload until an additional SLP is hired
86
When counseling the parents of a child with an articulation disorder, the SLP would cite developmental norms to show:
The misarticulation is cause by faulty learning
The child's misarticulation will interfere with reading skills
A certain % of children of a similar age can correctly articulate the sound
The misarticulated sound is not a frequently occurring sound in English
87
In the study from question 46, ten women were examined on loudness production & the results were analyzed, the design is
A within-subjects design
A longitudinal design
A multiple-baseline design
A between-subjects design
88
The chewing technique in the treatment of voice disorders is used to do which of the following:
Improve control of loudness
Reduce anticipatory struggle
Increase pitch range during voice production
Reduce Tension in the laryngeal area
89
Which of the following will most effectively decrease the fundamental frequency of the laryngeal tone?
increasing the elasticity of the vocal fold mucosa
Decreasing the mass of the vocal folds
Increasing the compliance of the vocal fold mucosa.
increasing the length of the vocal folds
90
A client continues to show nasal airflow and articulatory compensations post surgery. The SLP should:
Wait an additional month for the client to heal completely
Request a nasoendoscopic study
Provide speech treatment
Request consideration of prosthetic management
91
The best method to analyze formant frequencies of the vocalic phonemes produced by an individual with a hearing loss is:
A pitch meter
A sound spectograph
An electropalatograph
A strain gauge transducer
92
Which of the following represents the etiology of cleft palate?
Environmental influences alone
Genetic factors interacting with environmental influences
The mother's consumption of alcohol
Genetic syndrome alone
93
An SLP is planning treatment for a 5-year-old with multiple speech production errors. The most effective strategy is to
Arrange error sounds by developmental pattern and correct them individually
Start with sounds the child can make & use these as bridges to error sounds
Teach sounds in isolation, then use nonsense syllables, and then words
Delineate processes and address them through minimal-contrast pairs
94
Which of the following is a typical symptom observed in cases of cerebellar involvement?
Rigidity during voluntary motions
Spasticity during involuntary action
Overshooting or undershooting an intended action
Word-finding difficulty
95
A man diagnosed with aphasia following a CVA shows hesitations, repetitions, and interjections. The next step is to:
Offer a treatment program designed to improve word-retrieval skills
Recommend the client communicate by writing rather than speaking
Advise the client to wait 3 more months to allow for spontaneous recovery
Begin a treatment program designed to decrease dysfluencies in his speech
96
Which of these is most important when deciding whether a child is developmentally nonfluent or is stuttering:
The length of time the child has been dysfluent
The amount of talking the child does during the assessment
The nature and frequency of the child's repetitions
The rate at which the child talks
97
If a child produced the following errors: w/r th/s t/sh t/ch z/j t/k & d/g, What should the initial target sound be?
/r/
/s/
/sh/
/k/
98
Which of these is the ratio of reinforcement that would most quickly cause a newly acquired behavior to be habituated?
A ratio of 1 token to 10 correct responses only
A random ratio of tokens to correct responses
A ratio of 1 token to 4 correct responses only
A ratio of 1 token to 1 correct response
99
Establishment of which of these is most important in ensuring that the results of any diagnostic test is replicable:
Age of norms for the test
Content validity
Interjudge reliability
100
Which of the following is the leading cause of neurologic speech and language disorders in adults?
Cerebrovascular accident
Traumatic brain injury
Neoplasm
Infection

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