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Bio Semester Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Bio Semester Exam Review
Bio Semester Exam Review
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1
Does mitosis occur differently in specialized cells?
No, produces the same number of chromosomes
No, produces an extra chromosome
Yes, deacitivates unnecessary chromosomes
Yes, removes unnecessary chromosomes
2
An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because
Cell contents will leave the cell
Water will leave the cell
Water will enter the cell
Solutes will move into the cell
3
You see that a cell has no nucleus, no mitochondria, but has a cell membrane and a cell wall. What type of cell is it?
Bacteria
Extinct organism
Animal
Plant
4
Which of the following correctly identifies the number and types of bonds in a water molecule?
Two ionic bonds
One covalent bond
One ionic bond
Two covalent bonds
5
What is the complimentary DNA strand for: TCAATC
AGCCAG
AAGCTG
AGTTAG
TCAATC
6
What happens if you place red blood cells in water?
Water leaves the cells and the cell shrinks
Water enters the cells and causes them to burst
Nothing happens
Water moves in and out evenly
7
Which correctly explains primary function of carbs and lipids?
carbs provide structure; lipids are quick energy
carbs are short term energy; lipids are insulation and long term energy
carbs are hormones; lipids are sugars
This is not relevant to my future
8
What is a benefit of electron microscopes compared to light microscopes?
They show true color
The produce highly magnified images
They can study living cells
They are less expensive
9
Which of the following suggests that an enzymes shape is specific to its function?
Enzymes are found in all life forms
Enzymes are specific to a substrate
Enzymes are activated by neighboring molecules
Enzymes can operate in a wide range of conditions
10
What sequence of events occurs during the cell cycle?
Cell division and growth alternate, DNA replication during growth
DNA replication, growth, and cell division
Cell division and growth alternate, DNA replication during division
DNA replication and cell division are separated by periods of growth
11
Why is science different from other disciplines such as art or history?
Relies on testing explanations
Relies on theories
Relies on facts
Relies on observations
12
Which of the following correctly describes the role of nucleotides?
They are the monomers of nucleic acids; store genetic information
Simple sugars that provide energy
Building blocks of proteins
They are lipids that make up the cell membrane
13
Why are proteins important for the cell membrane?
Proteins allow gas molecules to pass through the cell membrane
Proteins connect the cell membrane to the cell wall
Proteins prevent the membrane from breaking a part in water
Proteins allow large substances to pass through the cell membrane
14
When is a mutation beneficial to a species?
If it results in extra chromosomes
When it leads to genetic variation
If it occurs in response to its natural environment
They will never be beneficial
15
What causes cancer?
A mutation causing cell cycle regulation issues
Homeostasis fails in the blood
The immune system attacks normal body cells
Nondisjunction in meiosis
16
What is the genotype of the offspring C?
Rryy
RrYY
RRYy
RrYy
17
What happens during prophase 1?
Gene linkage; dna replication
Crossing over; dna replication
Gene linkagre; new combinations of chromosomes
Crossing over; new combinations of chromosomes
18
How do I know a cell is a eukaryote and not a prokaryote?
The cell has a nucleus
The cell has a cell wall
The cell has a cell membrane
The cell lacks a nucleus
19
What best describes active transport?
Does not require energy; moves from high to low
Requires energy; moves from low to high
Requires energy; moves from high to low
Does not require energy; moves from low to high
20
Which is not an example of a polysaccharide? (carbohydrates)
Starch
Wax
Glucose
Cellulose
21
What is true about macromolecules?
Glycerol is made of fatty acids
Proteins are made of amino acids
Nucleotides are made of nucleic acids
Simple sugars are made of polysaccharides
22
Where in the cell is an mRNA molecule transcribed to make a protein?
Golgi
Ribosome
Nucleus
ER
23
Water dissolves a lot of substances, why?
Non polar; forms covalent bonds
Non polar; allows it to move quickly
Polar; forms hydrogen bonds
Polar; forms ionic bonds
24
During mitosis, a parent cell that has 4 chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each with
Two chromsomes
8 chromosomes
4 chromosomes
16 chromosomes
25
Can a theory become a law?
No, theories are never reclassified as laws
Who cares?
Yes, with enough evidence
Theories and laws are the same
26
Which sequence correctly shows the path of a protein in a cell?
ribosome; endoplasmic reticulum; chloroplast
ribosome, golgi, ER
Ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi
ER, lysosome, golgi
27
Pink is heterozygous and an example of incomplete dominance. If you cross pink and white, what % will be red?
50%
25%
100%
0%
28
When cells become cancerous, what changes in the cell cycle?
Cells go from mitosis to G1
Cells get stuck in S phase
Cells pass through the cycle without control
Cells go straight from G1 to G2
29
What is the importance of peer review?
Not recommended, bias could enter
Make sure their work is correct
It is restricted until results are verified
scientists can share ideas and make sure work meets scientific standards
30
I am looking at plant cells under a microscope and see chloroplasts and mitochondria. Am I correct?
Meh
No, plant cells don't have chloroplasts
Yes, plant cells have both mitochondria and chloroplasts
No, plant cells don't have mitochondria
31
What phase of mitosis is shown in the picture?
Anaphase
Telophase
Metaphase
Prophase
32
What makes up a molecule of water?
Two oxygen and one hydrogen
Two hydrogen and one oxygen
One hydrogen and one oxygen
One sodium and two potassium
33
What are the genotypes of the parents?
TT & Tt
Tt & Tt
TT & tt
tt & tt
34
Which of the following is evidence that a cell is a prokaryote?
The cell lacks a nucleus
Cell is surrounded by a cell membrane and a cell wall
Cell contains a nucleus
The cell is surrounded by a cell membrane but not a cell wall
35
How does an enzyme influence a biological reaction?
Lowers the activation energy
Decreases kinetic energy of reactants
Increases kinetic energy of reactants
Increases net energy difference
36
During which phase of mitosis are sister chromatids pulled to opposite ends of the cell?
Telophase
Anaphase
Prophase
Metaphase
37
What can be inferred about cells with semi permeable membranes?
Water leaves cell when placed in environment of high water concentration
Substances other than water can cross
Water enters cell when placed in an environment of high water concentration
Substances other than water can block pores
38
BB is black, WW is white, BW is black and white. If two heterozygotes are crossed, what percentage will be white?
25%
100%
75%
50%
39
Which of the following is a difference between meiosis 1 and meiosis 2?
Nuclear membranes form during meiosis 1 but not meiosis 2
Meiosis 2 has a prophase stage but meiosis 1 does not
Cytokinesis occurs in meiosis 1 but not meiosis 2
Meiosis 2 results in 4 haploid cells
40
Active transport:
When molecules move back and forth
idk
When molecules move from low concentration to high concentration
When molecules move from high concentration to low concentration
41
What process is shown in the picture?
RNA translation
DNA replication
RNA transcription
DNA translation
42
Which best explains the significance of meiosis in the continuation of a species?
Produces egg and sperm that are alike
Provides for chromosomal variation in gametes
Asexual reproduction
Equal number of eggs and sperm are created
