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biology final
biology final
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1
What is the name given to an organism with an endoskeleton and a backbone?*2/2
echinoderm
invertebrate
mammal
vertebrate
2
Which best describes the difference between an observation and an inference?
An observation is based on evidence, whereas an inference is not.
You can record an observation; an inference is an idea.
You make an inference before you make observations
An observation is a conclusion; an inference is a hypothesis.
3
Algal cells are in an isotonic solution. extra amounts of solutes are added to the solution. What happens to cells?
they will stay the same
they will shrink
they will burst
they will swell
4
Which statement is a fundamental principle of the cell theory?
The genetic material in cells is DNA.
Living organisms are composed of cells.
All cells have a plasma membrane.
Eukaryotic cells are larger than prokaryotic cells
5
A cell has 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
24
6
12
4
6
Which of the diagrams show how energy is produced in a cell?
D
B
A
C
7
Two substances are combined and heat is produced. Does this provide evidence that a chemical reaction took place?
No, because this would be a physical change.
Yes, because energy is released.
No, because heat is not a chemical.
Yes, because energy is absorbed.
8
guppies reproduce most when fish tank water is slightly alkaline. they stop if water becomes too alkinine. what is this?
zones of tolerance
secondary succession
communities
intertidal zones
9
Which series is arranged in order from largest to smallest in size?
nucleotide, chromosome, cell DNA, nucleus
cell, nucleus, chromosome, DNA, nucelotide
cell, nucleotide, nucleus, DNA, chromosome
chromosome, nucleus, cell, DNA, nucleotide
10
What must be on either end of any genetic material that is inserted into the cleaved DNA in the figure?
5'AATT3'
5'CGCG3'
5'ATAT3'
5'CCGG3'
11
What fraction of this cross will be recessive for both traits?
1/4
1/2
1/8
1/16
12
Another human trait that would show a similar inheritance pattern and frequency of distribution is ___.
height
incidence of cystic fibrosis
# of fingers and toes
blood type
13
Which of the following practices can help conserve an area's biodiversity?
species introduction
habitat fragmentation
biological magnification
sustainable usage
14
Structure III in the figure represents a(n) ___.*
gene
codon
amino acid
DNA molecule
15
What type of adaptation is shown?
camouflage
mimicry
respiration
excretion
16
A fem. fruit fly w/ red eyes (XᴿͬX ͬ) crossed with a white-eyed male (X ͬ Y). what % of their kids have white eyes?
0%
50%
25%
75%
17
Which of the following lists the taxa from broadest to most specific?
domain, kingdom, class, order, phylum, family, genus, species
species, genus, family, order, class, phylum, kingdom, domain
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
phylum, kingdom, class, family, order, genus, domain, species
18
Referring to the figure, the coyotes would be considered _____.
decomposers
herbivores
third-level or tertiary consumers
second-level or secondary consumers
19
American bison are most often found clumped in small groups. What might you infer about the spatial distribution?
clumped group provides better protection from predators.
A clumped group can graze a larger area.
A clumped group attracts more prey.
A clumped group takes better advantage of water resources.
20
Compare primary and secondary succession. What is the distinction between them?
p.s. - formed on no soil s.s. - formed on disturbed ecosystem
p.s- order of plants that colonize a new areass- order of animals
21
Which is the negatively charged particle located outside the nucleus of an atom?
electron
neutron
proton
silicon
22
How does an enzyme influence a biological reaction?
It increases the net energy difference between reactants and products.
decreases kinetic energy of reactants, so they chemically change easier
increases kinetic energy of reactants, so it increases tendency to collide
decreases the activation energy necessary to initiate the chemical change
23
Which of the following is a correct statement about the relationship between natural selection and evolution?
Natural selection is one mechanism of evolution.
Natural selection results from evolution.
Natural selection includes evolution as a part of it.
Natural selection and evolution are the same thing.
24
What is the result of the general progression of evolution from A to D?
thinner legs are needed to stand in wate
the legs make it easier to move in a warm, wet climate
legs moved under the body to hold the animal off the ground
stronger legs are needed in order to swim
25
Which of the following is the explanation of why bird wings and reptile forelegs are evidence of evolution?
Analogous structures indicate a common ancestor.
Vestigial structures point to a common ancestor.
Similar functions point to a common ancestor.
Homologous structures indicate a common ancestor.
26
the possible allelic combinations that could be found in gametes produced by the meiotic division of this cell are ___.
BD, bD, Bd, and bd
Bb, Dd, BB, and DD
BbDd and BDbd
Bd and bD only
27
Which of the following results from quantitative analysis of the picture?
These are the first offspring these rabbits have had.
There isn't enough food.
The babies are cold.
There are 8 offspring.
28
Living things do all of the following except...
make adjustments to nonliving factors around them.
respond to other organisms.
maintain a steady internal environment.
pass an identical genetic code to their offspring for many generations.
29
Some farmers use manure on their crop fields. How does this help the plants?
increases soil nitrogen and phosphorus
protects them from intense sunlight
keeps insects from eating the crops
increases soil oxygen and carbon dioxide levels
30
a cross between two varieties of a plant used in an attempt to create a new variety with traits from both parents is?
cloning
hybridization
selective breeding
polyploid planting
31
Island A area- 30 square km. Island B area- 400 square km. The islands are near each other. Which is probably true?
Island A has less biodiversity and a lower % of edge effect than Island B.
Island A has greater biodiversity & a lower % of edge effect than Island B.
Island A has less biodiversity and a higher % of edge effect than Island B
Island A has greater biodiversity & higher % of edge effect than Island B.
32
Which of the following is the outgroup?*
fish
cats
dogs
flies
33
Which of the following is the correct way to write the scientific name of the Northern cardinal?
D
A
B
C
34
What does this graph tell us about this species of plant?
They thrive in a lot of sun.
Heat is damaging to them
they need plenty of water
Too much sunlight can hurt them.
35
What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
It provides electrons for the electron transport chain.
It is needed for the production of light and heat.
It is the final electron acceptor for the electron transport chain.
It combines with carbon monoxide to form carbon dioxide.
36
The organism shown in the figure is involved in which type of symbiosis?
predation
mutualism
commensalism
parasitism
37
you find fossil coral & fish in one layer. In one above, you find imprint of a fern frond & fossil moss. What happened?
A forest had once grown there but had become submerged by water.
The area had been a sea until recent times.
A saltwater sea had changed to a freshwater lake long ago.
In ancient times a sea had been replaced by land.
38
The typical human body cell contains 46 chromosomes. How many chromosomes are found in a typical human sperm?
46
23
45
92
39
What type of mutation has occurred in the figure?
lethal
frameshift
substitution
insertion
40
Which area in the table has the greatest biodiversity?
A
C
B
D
41
Which is present only in eukaryotic cells?
cell membrane
nucleus
DNA
chromosomes
42
1 month: emigration= 3 individuals, immigration = 17, Natality = 12, mortality = 24. What was net effect on population?
+12
-14
+26
0
43
What does relative dating depend on to identify similarly aged rocks in different locations?
the kinds of fossils found in the rock
the position of the rock layer
the radiometric age of the rocks
the mineral composition of the rock
44
This illustrates which stage of mitosis?
telophase
anaphase
metaphase
prophase
45
What is the relationship between individual I-1 and individual III-2?
great aunt-nephew
grandfather-granddaughter
grandmother-grandson
mother-son
46
Which was most likely a consequence of the breakup of the supercontinent Pangea on the evolution of life on Earth?
the animals stayed the same
continental drift rapidly change local climates, making species extinct
animals separated adapted to new environments & evolved into new species
Continental drift changed local climates causing evolution of new species
47
Which of the cells depicted in the line graph are most likely cancerous?
C
D
A
B
48
Where does the oxygen used in cellular respiration end up?
NADH
water
glucose
ATP
49
there are: 8 white-tailed deer, 7 coyotes, 45 armadillos, & 231 loblolly pine trees. Which population is the most dense?
loblolly pine trees
white-tailed deer
coyotes
armadillos
