releases and takes hydrogens (H) to maintain the pH

Describe the action of enzyme.

lower activation energy of cells in our bodies

What is meant by “induced fit”?

bonding to enzyme causes change

Why are buffers important?

Helps out body stay at a pH of 7

What is a hydrogen bond?

attraction of hydrogen between N,O,F

A cis unsaturated fatty acid...

has carbon chains extend from same side of double bond

How does the process of evolution meet the requirements for the 1st/2nd law of thermodynamics?

There can be "open" system in a "closed" system

Which pair of monomers/polymers is incorrect?

triglyceride/phospholipid bilayer

What is negative feedback?

tells the body to stop doing what it is doing

How would you describe cis-trans isomers?

Same formula but different structure

Why is evolution considered to be the core theme of biology?

Since it's recognized by National Science Foundation

What are the levels of protein structure?

Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary

How would you describe a substance with a pH of 2?

Acidic, [H+], donating a proton

When water undergoes phase changes, the bonds that are altered are

hydrogen bonds between water molecules

What is lock and key fit?

All substrate perfectly fits inside an enzyme

A triglyceride is a lipid composed of

three fatty acids, one glycerol

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Combined: AP Bio Chemistry

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AP Bio Chemistry of Life: Review of Unit One AP Bio: Chemistry of Life 2018: macromolecules AP Bio Unit 1: Review for Unit 1 AP Bio basic chemsitry: basic chem review

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Questions 86

Answers

1
How do buffers work?
changes other elements to hydroxides (OH-)
releases and takes carbons (C) to maintain the pH
changes hydroxides (OH-) to maintain the pH
releases and takes hydrogens (H) to maintain the pH
2
What is the name of the following molecule?
Phospholipid
Unsaturated Fatty Acid
Steroid
Triglyercide
3
Which biological molecules consist of small molecules AND macromolecular structure polymers?
Protein
Carbohydrates
Lipids
Nucleic Acids
4
Describe the action of enzyme.
raise activation energy of cells in our bodies
raises activation energy outside our bodies
lower activation energy of cells in our bodies
keeps activation energy of cells in our bodies the same
5
Two organic substances with the same chemical formulas, but different structures are said to be
Isopods
Isotopes
Isomers
Isengards
6
Which of the following elements is not found in carbohydrates?
Carbon
Oxygen
Hydrogen
Nitrogen
7
A atom with a neutral charge has equal numbers of
protons and neutrons
electrons and protons
electrons and neutrons
8
What kinds of bond are found between oxygen and hydrogen atoms in water molecules?
nonpolar covalent
ionic
polar covalent
hydrogen
9
What is meant by “induced fit”?
bonding to enzyme causes change
bonding to enzyme causes malfunction
bonding to enzyme causes job change
bonding to an enzyme causes no change
10
What type of bond must be broken in order for water to evaporate?
covalent
ionic
ionic and hydrogen
hydrogen
11
What process is being illustrated in this diagram?
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis
12
Which molecule has the strongest polar covalent bond.
CO2
H2
O2
H2O
13
What elements are found in all living things?
Si,P,O,H,N,C
O,C,H,N,P,S
O,C,H,N,P,R
O,C,H,P,S,Si
14
Which of the following is the storage molecule for glucose in plants?
Dextrose
Cellulose
Glycogen
Starch
15
What direction is a protein synthesized?
5' to 3'
C terminus to N terminus
N terminus to C terminus
3' to 5'
16
Sucrose is made up of what monosaccharides?
Fructose + Galactose
Fructose + Glucose
Glucose + Galactose
Glucose + Glucose
17
If an atom has 7 protons and 8 neutrons, which of the following is correct?
it has an atomic number of 7
it has a mass number of 7
it has a mass number of 14
it has an atomic number of 8
18
What direction is DNA synthesized?
3' to 5'
5' to 3'
N terminus to C terminus
C terminus to N terminus
19
A molecule with the chemical formula C₆H₁₂O₆ is probably what?
Lipids
Nucleic Acid
Protein
Carbohydrates
20
The equal sharing of electrons is called
Nonpolar covalent bond
Nonpolar ionic bond
Polar ionic bond
Polar covalent bond
21
Why are buffers important?
Helps our bodies to process brain signals
Helps our bodies function
Helps out body stay at a pH of 7
Helps our bodies to understand pain
22
What kind of macromolecule would have the chemical formula C₁₈H₃₆O₂?
Fatty Acid
Carbohydrates
Protein
Lipids
23
Name this structure.
Isomer
Nucleotide
Amino Acid
Monosaccharide
24
The two strands of a DNA molecule are held together by _____
hydrogen bonds
ionic bonds
covalent bonds
disulfide bonds
25
What is a hydrogen bond?
attraction of hydrogen between O,F,S
attraction of hydrogen between O,N,S
attraction of hydrogen between N,S,F
attraction of hydrogen between N,O,F
26
Which of the following is not a pyrimidine?
A
T
U
C
27
A cis unsaturated fatty acid...
has cisteen carbon bonds
has no carbon double bonds
has carbon chains extend from same side of double bond
has carbon chains extend from different sides of double bond
28
How does the process of evolution meet the requirements for the 1st/2nd law of thermodynamics?
The loss of order from the universe is given to us
It doesn't meet it
Our ordered self changes the universe to be disordered
There can be "open" system in a "closed" system
29
Which pair of monomers/polymers is incorrect?
monosaccharide/polysaccharide
ribonucleotide/RNA
deoxyribonucleotide/DNA
triglyceride/phospholipid bilayer
30
When two amino acids bond to form a larger molecule, what is released?
Hydrogen
Water
Carbon
Oxygen
31
What is negative feedback?
tells the body to begin a process
tells the body to continue doing what it is doing
none of the above
tells the body to stop doing what it is doing
32
How would you describe cis-trans isomers?
Same structure but different ions
Same formula but different structure
Same structure but different formula
Same formula but different chains
33
Atoms of a given element that have different number of neutrons are
tracers
compounds
ions
isotopes
34
Which functional group is shown by the formula: -COOH?
Hydroxyl Group
R - Group
Carbonyl Group
Carboxyl Group
35
The structural level of a protein LEAST affected by a disruption in hydrogen bonding is the
tertiary
secondary
quaternary
primary
36
How many amino acids are there?
64
4
20
12
37
Why is evolution considered to be the core theme of biology?
Since it's one of the first theories
Since it's recognized by National Science Foundation
it provides framework that makes sense to scientist
Since it's not proven
38
What are the levels of protein structure?
Single, Double, Triple
Top, Middle, Bottom
First, Second, Third, Fourth
Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary
39
What bonds are responsible for primary structure of a protein?
Hydrogen Bond
Peptide Bond
Hydroxyl Bond
Carbon Bond
40
What happens when an electron absorbs energy?
move to a higher energy state
moved to the nucleus
remove completely from the element
move to a lower energy state
41
How would you describe a substance with a pH of 2?
A Buffer Solution
Neutral, [H2O = H+ + OH-]
Acidic, [H+], donating a proton
Basic, [OH-], accepting a proton
42
When water undergoes phase changes, the bonds that are altered are
ionic bonds between water molecules
hydrogen bonds within water molecules
covalent bonds within water molecules
hydrogen bonds between water molecules
43
Which of the following macromolecule is not a polymer?
Nucleic Acid
Carbohydrate
Protein
Lipid
44
What functional group is found in alcohols?
Amine
Carboxyl
Ketone
Hydroxyl
45
What type of bond holds the oxygen and hydrogen of a water molecule together?
ionic
metallic
covalent
oxygen
46
Give an example of positive feedback.
Women giving birth
Homeostasis
Blood Sugar
Body Temperature
47
What is lock and key fit?
All uncompetitive inhibition perfectly fits inside an enzyme
All competitive inhibition perfectly fits inside an enzyme
All substrate perfectly fits inside an enzyme
All enzyme perfectly fits inside a substrate
48
A triglyceride is a lipid composed of
three fatty acids, one cholesterol
one glycerol, 3 cholesterols
three glycerols, one cholesterol
three fatty acids, one glycerol
49
How do noncompetitive inhibitors work to decrease the rate of a chemical reaction?
Blocks the active site
Changes the active site
Changes the substrate
Bonds to Substrate
50
Which of the following is NOT part of a nucleotide?
nitrogenous base
carboxyl group
5 carbon sugar
phosphate group
51
If atoms are equally electronegative, they will interact to form what kind of chemical bond?
hydrogen bond
ionic bond
nonpolar covalent bond
polar covalent bond
52
Which is an example of the effect of high surface tension?
Swimming
Dissolving properties
Walking on water
Low Density in Ice
53
Enzymes belong to which group of macromolecules?
Proteins
Carbohydrates
Nucleic Acids
Lipids
54
What do we test during the scientific method?
Hypothesis
Control Variable
Dependent Variable
Theory
55
Which of these is the correct set of properties of water that allow its transport in plants?
adhesion, cohesion
cohesion, hydration
adhesion, translation
hydration, transpiration
56
How are experimental ways of gathering information different from any other way?
Requires more work rather than other methods
Experimental ways have independent variables but not control
Has independent & control variables;is a cause/effect method
It gives you different results compared to other ways
57
Which of the following are isomers?
Fructose & Galactose
Glucose & Starch
Fructose & Glycogen
Fructose & Maltose
58
The cohesive property of water is due to the bonding between the
hydrogen atoms within a water molecule
hydrogen atoms of different water molecules
oxygen and hydrogen atoms in different water molecules
oxygen and hydrogen atoms within the molecule
59
A paper clip can float on water because of water's
high specific heat
high surface tension
high heat of vaporization
hydrophobic tendencies
60
Which of the following is not true of most lipids?
Stores more energy than glycogen
Mainly composed of carbon and hydrogen
Insoluble in water
Polar
61
Substances that do not dissolve in water are best described as being
hydophilic
hydrophobic
ionic
stubborn
62
Which of the following is correct RNA nucleotide pairing?
G & T
A & T
A & U
A & C
63
Gastric juice has a pH of 1.7, therefore it would best be described as a(n)
strong base
isotope
strong acid
weak acid
64
An unsaturated fatty acid...
Found mainly in animal sources
has carbon double bonds
Solid at room temperature
only has single carbon bonds
65
What type of reaction is involved in the production of polymers from monomers?
Bonding
Breaking Bonds
Dehydration Synthesis
Hydrolysis
66
A polar molecule that is attracted to water is...
Nonpolar
Hydrophilic
Covalent
Hydrophobic
67
What is organic chemistry?
deals with hydrocarbon/dispersion/ions/exchange/
deals with hydrolysis
deals with hydrocarbon/formation/dispersion/ions
deals with hydrocarbon/interaction/formation/exchange
68
What factors DOES NOT affect enzyme function?
Energy Levels
pH
Bond Type
Temperature
69
What is the importance of a control group?
Make sure other factors are not skewing the answer
Make sure the answers are created with more possible answers
Make sure the answers are skewed
Make sure the answers are obvious
70
This compound is best described as a(n)
carbohydrate
amino acid
protein
alcohol
71
Name the thermodynamic barrier for all reactions.
Kinetic Property
Activation Energy
Free Energy
Entropy
72
Which of these contains polar covalent bonds?
methane
chlorine gas
water
salt
73
How do competitive inhibitors work?
block active site
change active site
does the function of a substrate
change substrate
74
Which property of water allows it to rise higher than the cup?
Universal Solvent Properties
High Surface Tension
High Capacity Action
Amphoteric Properties
75
Differentiate between kinetic and potential energy.
Potential=Stored Kinetics=In Motion
Potential=Kept Kinetics= Thrown Away
Potential=Thrown Away Kinetics=Kept
Potential=In Motion Kinetics=Stored
76
Which of the following is NOT a disaccharide?
Maltose
Galactose
Sucrose
Lactose
77
How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
Denature the protein
Raise the activation energy
Lower activation energy
Raise the temperature
78
Which level of structure involves hydrogen bonding along the polypeptide backbone?
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary
Primary
79
Which of the following is a highly branched polysaccharide?
Starch
Cellulose
Glucose
Glycogen
80
What type of bond stabilizes the alpha helices and beta pleated sheets of proteins?
peptide bonds
nucleic bonds
hydrogen bonds
carbon bonds
81
What is activation energy?
Energy required to cool down a reaction
Amount of energy require to make a bond
Amount of energy required for a reaction to occur
Amount of energy required to stop a reaction
82
The name of a carbohydrate monomer is...
Monosaccharide
Saccharide
Sucrose
Disaccharide
83
Which of the following categories includes all others in the list?
polysaccharide
carbohydrate
monosaccharide
starch
84
The ability of sweat to lower body temperature is most closely related to which water property?
high specific heat
high heat of vaporization
cohesion
universal solvent
85
Which functional groups are found in amino acids?
Amine
Carboxylic
Thiols
Carbonyl
86
Describe the amine functional group.
inorganic compound/has a basic nitrogen atom and lone pair
inorganic compound/has a carbon triple bond
organic compound/ has a basic nitrogen atom and lone pair
organic compound/has a carbon triple bond

Combined: AP Bio Chemistry Flashcards | StudBud