A direct relationship is when...

The dependent variable goes up and the independent goes up

A comparison to a known standard

Folded sedimentary rock layers are usually caused by

crustal movement occurring after deposition

Earth’s magnetic field has reversed itself manytimes. This pattern is best seen in

igneous bedrock of the oceanic crust

Which statement describes the hardness of dolomite?

It canscratch a penny, butcannot bescratched by a fingernail

The best evidence that the Earth has a spherical shapewould be provided by

photographs of the Earth taken from space

In which group are the shperes of Earth listed in order of increasing density?

atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere

Two streams begin at the same elevation . Why is one stream is flowing faster than the other ?

The faster stream has a much steeper gradient.

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Earth Science Midterm Review

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Questions 138

Answers

1
_________ metamorphism occurs on the interface between hot magma and already exsisting rock.
Pre
contact
magma
regional
2
A rock made up of one mineral is
metamorphic rock
polymineralic
igneous rock
monominerallic
3
Another name for chemical action is
cementaion
crystalline
biological process
compression
4
A direct relationship is when...
The dependent variable goes up and the independent goes up
The dependent variable goes up and the independent goes down
The variables both stay the same
The dependent variable goes up and the dependent goes up
5
What is the location of Binghamton, New York?
42° 54' N, 75° 05' W
42° 6' N, 75° 55' W
42° 6' S, 76° 05' W
42° 54' N, 75° 55' W
6
Subduction occurs when there are ______________ plates.
transversal
transforming
divergent
convergent
7
What type of relationship is this?
Indirect relationship
Direct relationship
Constant
A really sad one
8
Which rock is composed of the mineral halite that formed when seawater evaporated?
dolostone
limestone
rock gypsum
rock salt
9
A measurement is
A way of finding the density of an object
A way to make numbers more manageable to work with
An educated guess
A comparison to a known standard
10
Folded sedimentary rock layers are usually caused by
crustal movement occurring after deposition
a rise in sea level after deposition
differences in sediment density during deposition
deposition of sediments in folded layers
11
Rocks are made up of
sand
smaller pieces of rock
minerals
pebbles
12
Sedimentary rocks often contain
fossils
water pockets
over 100 different types of minerals
one type of mineral
13
What is the P-wave travel time if the P-wave arrives 8 minutes before the S-wave?
4 minutes 20 seconds
6 minutes 30 seconds
11 minutes 20 seconds
10 minutes 0 seconds
14
Which factor has the greatest influence on the weathering rate of Earth’s surface bedrock?
angle of insolation
regional climate
local air pressure
age of the bedrock
15
A sailing ship seems to be is sinking as it moves away. Which statement explains this?
The earth is revolving
The earth is rotating
The earth has a curved surface
The surface of the ocean has depressions
16
Which type of rock forms as a result of the cooling and hardening of rock?
Sedimentary
Metamophic
Igenous
Marble
17
What is the approximate gradient of the hill between points X and Y?
10 m/km
5 m/km
3 m/km
1 m/km
18
Which diagram represents the topographic profile between location C and B
1
4
3
2
19
A natural shaking of the Earth's crust along fault lines, due to a slow build up of stress is
a volcano
an epicenter
an earthquake
a seismogram
20
Earth’s magnetic field has reversed itself manytimes. This pattern is best seen in
layers of sedimentary bedrock of the GrandCanyon
metamorphic bedrock in mountain ranges
bedrock with fossils containing radioactivecarbon-14
igneous bedrock of the oceanic crust
21
The ________ is the actual spot under the surface where rock breaks.
focus
seismograph
s-waves
epicenter
22
What's is the difference between the maxima and the minima?
This is a trick question
They are the boundaries between two different materials
Maxima- highest Minama- lowest
Maxima is the lowest possible point. Manama is the highest
23
What makes up most of the Earth's atmosphere?
James
lithosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere
24
Magnetic reversal lead to what theory?
origin of life
plate tectonics
creation of volcanos
origin of the universe
25
How long does a P-wave take to travel the first 6500 kilometers after the earthquake occurs?
6.5 min
10.0 min
8.0 min
18.5 min
26
Which is the use of the senses to learn something about the environment?
Observation
Classification
Frame of Reference
Inference
27
What is the distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian called?
altitude
longitude
equator
latitude
28
Which igneous rock has a vesicular texture and has the minerals potassium feldspar and quartz?
Pumice
Pegmatite
Scoria
Andesite
29
A number of objects are grouped on the basis of commonproperties. What is this process called?
inference
classification
observation
measurement
30
Extrusive igneous rocks from from
lava
granite
crystals
magma
31
Particles are cemented together by minerals that precipitate out of seawater is called
compaction
cementation
chemical action
precipitation
32
the 2 most common rock forming elements by % volume is
potassium and silicon
oxygen and silicon
oxygen and potassium
potassium and iron
33
The igneous rock gabbro most likely formedfrom molten material that cooled
slowly, deep underground
slowly at Earth’s surface
rapidly at Earth’s surface
rapidly, deep underground
34
who many types of waves are there?
2
3
420
6.9
35
Which statement describes the hardness of dolomite?
It canscratch glass, but cannot be scratched by a steel nail
It canscratch a penny, butcannot bescratched by a fingernail
It can scratch glass, but cannotbe scratchedby a fingernail.
It canscratch a penny, butcannot bescratched by a steel nail
36
On which side of the hill has the steepest slope
Northeast
South
East
Northwest
37
Which graph best represents the elevation profile along point A to B
1
3
4
2
38
Rock layers were originally deposited
horizontally
folded
randomly
faulted
39
Which mineral is mined for its iron content?
talc
hematite
galena
fluorite
40
Another name for primary waves is
secondary waves
compressional waves
first waves
kim jong un learned to drive at the age of 3
41
The best evidence that the Earth has a spherical shapewould be provided by
the time the Earth takes to rotate on its axis
the prevailing wind direction
photographs of the Earth taken from space
the change in the time of sunrise and sunset
42
To find the ________________ use the equation- m-a/ a x 100
The percent
Scientific notation
% correct
% Error
43
In which group are the shperes of Earth listed in order of increasing density?
atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere
hydrosphere, lithosphere, atmosphere
lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere
lithospherehydrosphere, atmosphere,
44
Which map shows the greatest temperature field gradient?
3
4
1
2
45
Which of the following items is a model?
a ruler
a mineral specimen
a globe
a hand lense
46
Compared to dull and rough rocks, shiny and smooth rocks most likely cause sunlight to be
reflected
absorbed
refracted
scattered
47
Two streams begin at the same elevation . Why is one stream is flowing faster than the other ?
The faster stream contains more dissolved minerals.
The streams are flowing in different directions.
One stream has a temp of 10°C and the other stream is 20°C.
The faster stream has a much steeper gradient.
48
Mill River generally flows toward the
northeast
northwest
southwest
southeast
49
The layer of bedrock near Earth's surface that forms a continous shell around Earth is called
the throposphere
the hydrosphere
the lithosphere
the strarosphere
50
convergent plates are when....
5 or more plates meet
when two plates slowly grind past one another
two plates collide
two plates move away from each other
51
Clastic sedimentary rocks are indentifies by
grain size
water pocket size
age of formation
salt concentration
52
Which two points have the same elevation?
B and D
G and C
C and D
G and F
53
Which mineral has a metallic luster, a black streak, and is an ore of iron?
pyroxene
graphite
galena
magnetite
54
Whichstatement about the rock is an observation?
The rock formed deep in the Earth's interior.
The rock cooled very rapidly.
The rock dates from the Precambrian Era.
The rock is black and shiny.
55
Which is thicker the oceanic crust or continental crust?
Continental
Neither
Oceanic
They do not exist
56
How are latitude and longitude lines drawn on a globe of Earth?
Longitude is parallel and latitude meets at the equator.
Latitude is parallel and longitude meets at the equator.
Longitude is parallel and latitude meets at the poles.
Latitude is parallel and longitude meets at the poles
57
Which of these is not an example of a cyclic pattern
Sunspots
Seasons
Day and Night
Moon phases
58
Dolostone is classified as which type of rock?
Chemically formed sedimentary rock
Land-derived sedimentary rock
Foliated metamorphic rock
Nonfoliated metamorphic rock
59
What is the density of a ineral compared to the density of water called?
Specific density
specific gravity
General gravity
General density
60
What is the smallest # of seismogram stations are needed to find the epicenter of an earthquake
9
2
6
3
61
The amount of matter in an object is
Volume
Mass
Solid
Weight
62
How many major plates are on Earth?
420
4
12
10
63
When something is cyclical it
It never changes
Forms a pattern allowing us to make a connection
Is most helpful over short periods of time
Is impossible to predict
64
When a rock cools slowly, _______________ crystals form.
no
small
large
medium
65
A rock made up of two minerals is
metamorphic rock
monominerallic
sillicate
polyminerallic
66
Sinking or settling of the crust is
subsidense
folded strata
uplift
depression
67
Igneous rock along oceanic ridges is younger than igneous rock farther from the ridge which...
shows oceanic ridges are ares of subsidence
shows the ocean floor is stable
the ocean floor is crashing into another plate
shows the ocean floor is spreading
68
The water shpere of Earth is known as they
lithosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere
troposphere
69
The Earth's shape most closely resembles which of the following object
a ping pong ball
a basketball
an apple
a football
70
The lower atmosphere and hydrosphere are bound to Earth by
a molecular bonding at the interface
magnetic fields
the force of gravity
atmospheric pressure
71
Which statement best describes the continental and oceanic crusts?
The continental crust is thicker and more dense
The continental crust is thicker and less dense.
The continental crust is thinner and less dense
The continental crust is thinner and more dense
72
Which statement is an inference?
50% of the sediments are the size of sand grains
The sediments were deposited by a stream.
The hole is 2 meters deep.
Some of the particles are rounded.
73
Which diagram best represents the topographic profile along line AB?
3
2
1
4
74
What is the way that light reflects off a mineral?
Color
Shine
Streak
Hardness
75
The luster of the mineral shown below could be determined by
observing what happens when acid is placedon the mineral
observing how light reflects from the surface of the mineral
using an electronic balance
using a graduated cylinder
76
The primary cause of convection currents in the Earth'smantle is believed to be the
subsidence of the crust
rotation of the Earth
differences in densities of earth materials
occurence of earthquakes
77
Which line passes through both the geographic North Pole and the geographic South Pole?
0° longitude
Tropic of Capricorn (23.5°S)
Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N)
0° latitude
78
A system of measurement based on a unit of 10 is known as the
Metric system
Celcious system
English system
Bond System
79
Which property was used to classify the minerals in the chart below?
luster
Chemical Composition
hardness
color
80
faulted strata shows the
breaking and shifting of rock layers
dsf
bending of rock layers
sdf
81
Which statement is best supported by the information in the table?
Observers A & B measured the altitude during daytime hours
Observers B, C, & D were in the Southern Hemisphere
Observers B & C measured the altitude at the same latitude
Observer A was at the equator
82
Metamorphic rocks are always have (a) _________ density than the rock they came from.
smaller
larger
wider
same
83
Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism?
C
A
D
B
84
A random breakage in a mineral is called
streak
fracture
hardness
cleavage
85
When a rock cools quickly, _______________ crystals form.
gigantic
3 foot
diamond
tiny or no
86
______________ plates are moving away from each other
transvergent
transforming
divergent
convergent
87
What is the most likely elevation of point A?
1750 m
1250 m
1650 m
1850 m
88
When loose particles are joined together a __________ rock is formed.
Igneous
sedimentary
crystalline
Metamorphic
89
Cooling rate is directly related to _________________.
air pocket size
the color
crystal size
the hardness
90
Silicate is a
02 + Si
Silicon dioxide
S2
02
91
Which of the systems ismost like the latitude-longitude system used on Earth?
A
B
D
C
92
What was the answer to the first question of this quiz?
To be honest I don't remember
magnitude
differences in densities of earth materials
A comparison to a known standard
93
Compared to Earth’s crust, Earth’s core is believed to be
more dense, cooler, and composed of less iron
less dense, hotter, and composed of less iron
more dense, hotter, and composed of more iron
less dense, cooler, and composed of more iron
94
The study of __________ shows the Earth has moved, is currently , and will continue moving
the Earth's crust
Orginal horizontality
The minerals in rocks
the amount of earthquakes on record
95
The temperature of rock at location A is approximately
600°C
3,000°C
1,000°C
2,600°C
96
Naturally occuring, in organic, crysalline solid is a
Rock
Mineral
Crystal
Diamond
97
The starting point or soemthing to compare to is called the
frame of reference
Your mom
Scientific method
Inference
98
The first waves to arrive at another location from an earthquake are called
First waves
P-waves
Secondary waves
S-waves
99
The latitude of a point in the Northern Hemisphere may be determined by measuring the
altitude of Polaris
apparent diameter of Polaris
distance to the Sun
apparent diameter of the Sun
100
Which point is located on the steepest slope?
C
B
F
D
101
As depth wihtin Earth's interior increases, the
density, tempurature, and pressure stay the same
density, tempurature, and pressure increase
density, tempurature, and pressure decrease
density, tempurature decrease, and pressure increase
102
The graph shows the relationship between mass and volume of 3 samples. What is the density ?
1.0 g/cm³
20.0 g/cm³
10.0 g/cm³
5.0 g/cm³
103
Another name for an indirect relationship is...
Inverse relationship
Straight relationship
Constant relationship
Changing relationship
104
Which rock forms as a result of the recrystalization of already exsisting rock?
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
iGNEOUS
Metamentary
105
The system of lines used to locate a certain place on Earth are called...
great circle systems
coordinate systems
latitude systems
axis system
106
What is one page 16 of the Earth Science Reference Table?
wind patterns
plate tectonics
rock cycle diagram
mineral chart
107
The water sphere of the earth is known as the
lithosphere
hydrosphere
troposphere
atmosphere
108
The true shape of the Earth is best described as a
slightly oblate sphere
highly eccentric ellipse
perfect ellipse
perfect sphere
109
What is the contour interval for this map?
10 m
20 m
25 m
15 m
110
Which letter best identifies the interface of the lithosphere and the troposphere?
D
C
B
A
111
Which two features are commonly found atdivergent plate boundaries?
ocean trenches and subduction zones
mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys
wide valleys and deltas
hot spots and island arcs
112
Directly above the focus, where the quake is first felt is the
s-wave
prefeel
focus prime
epicenter
113
What is science?
The study of the Earth
Interactions between living things and unliving things
a war of solving problems
a way of forming a hypothesis
114
The formula to find density is...
Volume/ mass
Mass/ Mass
Measured - Actual / Actual x 100
Mass/ Volume
115
What is the resistance towards being stractched?
checmical test
fracture
hardness
cleavage
116
Which type of igenous rock cools slowly inside of the Earth?
Extrusive
External
Interal
Intrusive
117
In which direction does the Cinder River flow?
northwest
southeast
southwest
northeast
118
A seismograph measures the _______ of an earthquake.
focus
richer
magnitude
119
Compared to a light rock with a smooth surface, a dark-colored rock with a rough surfacewill
both absorb and reflect more insolation
absorb more insolation and reflect lessinsolation
both absorb and reflect less insolation
absorb less insolation and reflect moreinsolation
120
Regional metamorphic rocks form over ___________ areas.
wide
small
thin
high
121
The boundary between two different materials or systems is...
Hydrosphere
Non cyclic
Interface
Where no energy is exchanged
122
Materials that can not be replaced for a long period of time are
renewable
mineral resources
nonrenewable
lumber
123
The altitude of Polaris at a location is 44 degrees. Where is this location?
Kingston
Watertown
Buffalo
Elmira
124
Volume is the...
Number of cookies Julia is eating at the moment
The amount of matter in an object
Amount of space an object takes up
The force of gravity acting on an object
125
At which location would an observer find the greatest force due to the Earth's gravity?
North Pole
New York State
Equator
Tropic of Cancer (23.5N)
126
Earth's troposphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere contain large amounts of which element?
iron
potassium
oxygen
hydrogen
127
The mineral wollastonite has a hardness of 4.5-5. Which mineral could easily scratch it?
Garnet
Gypsum
Talc
Halite
128
Which statement is true about an isoline on an air temperature field map?
It increases in magnitude as it bends southward
It indicated the direction of maximum isolation
It connects points of equal air temperature
Represents an interface of high and low barometric pressure
129
At the moment it is impossible to predict...
Day and Night
Tides
Tehani
Earthquakes
130
Quartz and halite have different crystal shapes primarily because
ofthe internal arrangement of the atoms
energyis released during crystallization
light reflects from crystal surfaces
ofimpurities that produce surface variations
131
Which scale measures the magnitude of earthquakes?
Epicenter
Mercalli
Seiemogram
Richer
132
Earth's hydrosphere is best described as the
liquid outer layer of Earth
gaseous layer from Earth into space
solid outer layer of Earth
magma layer located below Earth's stiffer mantle
133
What are the two most abundant elements by mass found in Earth's crust?
sodium and chlorine
calcium and carbon
aluminum and iron
oxygen and silicon
134
As gradient increases, what happens to the distance between isolines?
It decreases
It increases
It stays the same
135
The three groupings of rocks are:
Igneous, Crystalline, and metamorphic
Clastic, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
Igneous, sedimentary, and Minerallic
136
When preforming a _______________ test, you pull the mineral across a plate.
chemical
gravity
hardness
streak
137
What is the lithosphere?
All of the water in, on, or around the earth
The Oceanic crust of the Earth
The name for the inner and outer core
The rigid outer shell of the Earth
138
Which mineral is white or colorless, has a hardness of 2.5, and splits with cubic cleavage?
halite
pyrite
mica
calcite

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