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Postwar America
Postwar America
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#mrsnail234 #postwaramerica
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Why did Eisenhower want an interstate system in the U.S. for national defense?
to put unemployed Americans to work
to encourage service industries like service stations/hotels
for the rapid deployment of troops
for greater mobility of the American people
2
What was the effect of the 1896 ruling in
Plessy v. Ferguson
?
Jim Crow laws were declared unconstitutional
Public schools had to be integrated where possible
Afr. Americans could not be disenfranchised
Segregation was made legal
3
How did the Landrum-Griffin Act affect union Leadership
leaders responsible for irregularities-> union finance
leaders no longer plead 5th congressional investigation
leaders had to step down if indicted for a crime
leaders dismissed if they consorted w/ organized crime
4
Which of the following was associated with the Hollywood Ten?
Joseph McCarthy
treason
the Second Amendment
blacklisting
5
Which of the following best accounted for the Baby Boom of the postwar era?
consumerism
peace and prosperity
the widespread use of birth control
the reality the world could end in nuclear warfare
6
How did Sputnik have the most serious affect on the American psyche?
caused envy that Russians were ahead in space race
caused concern that U.S. could lose public relations war
created hope/emphasis on nuclear war -->to space exploration
created fear that our cities could be attacked w/ nukes
7
Why was the Warren Court so controversial?
Justices ruled against organized labor in many instances
Justices sided with the government against civil liberties
Justices used court decisions to effect social change
Justices opposed civil rights
8
Why was HUAC feared by so many?
The HUAC controlled the Civil Service process for gov't jobs
The HUAC could get people blacklisted
The Huac was in charge of approving mortgages for GI's
The HUAC approved gov't contracts for the defense industry
9
How did the arms race impact the space race between the superpowers?
Soviets->boost to space program from Nazi military program
space race competition spilled into arms race competition
significant funding cut for the space race in both countries
competition for new/better ICBMs made space race possible
10
How did Sputnik impact the U.S. educational system?
Congress set aside $-> improve math/science/foreign language
HS/Coll teachers formed national textbook revision committee
Construction of schools was given top priority
Sputnik generated controversy b/t state/federal agencies
11
How did the U.S. respond to the Suez Crisis?
U.S. threatened the Soviets not to intervene
U.S. condemned invasion by Britain, France, & Israel
U.S. loaned Nassar money for the Aswan Dam
U.S. vetoed any action by the UN Security Council
12
Which was one of the causes of the Suez Crisis?
Egypt's Nassar nationalized the canal
Efforts by Egypt/Syria to build canal caused Lebanon revolt
the nation of Israel was created in Palestine
French sold their share of canal back to Egyptians
13
What caused Joseph McCarthy's ultimate downfall?
attacking U.S. Army as being full of communists
not providing a single name of 205 communists on his list
accusing George C. Marshall of being a communist
televised Senate hearings
14
Warren Court declared that
Plessy v. Ferguson
violated 14th amendment. What is significance?
opinion reaffirmed 14th Amendment
opinion upheld the Plessy decision
opinion dismissed all cases relating to segregating schools
opinion reversed a previous Supreme Court ruling
15
What prompted the founding of the SCLC?
CORE was taken over by young radicals
The ACLU would no longer represent blacks/civil rights cases
Churches became involved in civil rights
NAACP didn't want to be involved->direct/nonviolent protests
16
What was the great evil of McCarthyism?
divulging classified information during Senate hearings
baseless accusations that harmed innocent people
seeking preferential treatment for his drafted aides
playing to the cameras during televised Senate hearings
17
How did Eisenhower confront communism in his "New Look" foreign policy other than nukes?
by a Mutually Assured Destruction
strengthen economy vs. building a conventional military
by nuclear arms reduction treaties with the Soviets
by a massive buildup of conventional forces
18
What was it about Sputnik that caused American citizens so much concern in the late 1950?
Soviet Union had claimed space as their own national domain
Soviets had powerful nuclear rockets to attack U.S. cities
Russians were ahead in the space race
Soviets had better technology than U.S. had
19
Why was NASA created?
to produce missile parts for the government
to disperse funds for space program to defense contractors
to train rocket scientists for the U.S. military
to put the American space program into civilian hands
20
Why did the U.S. oppose the Castro government?
Castro intended to export his revolutions to Latin America
Castro intended to take back Amer. base @ Guantanamo
Castro severely mistreated the Cuban people
Castro encouraged Latin America ->cut off oil exports ->U.S.
21
What portion of Eisenhower's domestic agenda showed his conservative Republican side?
proposed public works projects-> reduce unemployment
raised the minimum wage
lowered income tax rates & attempted to balance the budget
proposed the domino theory for Southeast Asia
22
What contribution did Jonas Salk make to society during this time?
a workable polio vaccine
the discovery of penicillin
a vaccine for measles
a cure for influenza
23
What was the purpose of Eisenhower's domino theory?
Aid to an unpopular & corrupt government in South Vietnam
the admission of Germany into NATO
American intervention in the Suez Crisis
Western influence in Eastern Europe
24
What was the chief cause of
consumerism
?
America was reintroduced to religion through television
Advertising of the era was so successful
The middle class grew significantly
Women defense workers had money to spend
25
Which caused Eisenhower to support South Vietnam?
brinkmanship
New Look Diplomacy
the Eisenhower Doctrine
the Domino Theory
26
Alger Hiss was accused of being a spy. Of what was he finally convicted?
passing atomic secrets to the Soviets
belonging to the Communist Party
trying to come back after he defected to the Soviet Union
lying under oath
27
What significant struggle did
Brown v. Board of Education
cause?
integration
segregation
economic equality
disenfranchisement
28
Other than ^ in min. wage, what impact on social programs did the Eisenhower Admin. have?
It repealed the Taft-Hartley Act
It expanded Social security to cover more people
It appointed two liberal justices to the Supreme Court
It initiated two large transportation projects
29
What resulted from talks b/t two of the nation's largest unions in the mid-1950s
A nationwide strike brought transportation to a stand still
The CIO organized southern workers w/ great success
A larger, more powerful union was formed
Teamsters expelled from Amer. Federation of Labor
30
How did television impact society in the 1950s?
televangelists soured the new generation on religion
Television programs inspired children to be physically fit
Alternate lifestyles portrayed a period of conformity
the image of the ideal family was reinforced
31
How was Eisenhower's "New Look" foreign policy a new direction for Americans?
U.S. would rely more heavily on Western Allies
U.S. would attempt to ease tensions with the Soviets
U.S. would rely on nuclear weapons vs. conventional ones
U.S. would insist on matching strength of Soviet Red Army
32
What was the rationale behind massive retaliation?
Threat of large-scale nuclear response discouraged enemies
U.S. Allies armed with nuclear weapons/encouraged to use
Communist aggression less in countries taken over by Soviets
more conventional weapons kept others from attacking U.S.
33
Why did African Americans in Montgomery, AL, stop riding public transportation?
because blacks had to ride a separate bus
as a protest against segregation
because significant numbers of African Americans had cars
because the fares were too high
34
What impact did television have on society in the 1950s?
presented rock and roll music in a positive light
changed the nature of politics in the U.S.
kept Americans informed in case of a national emergency
reinforced traditional gender roles
35
Which was a direct result of the Suez Crisis?
Soviet prestige in the Middle East grew
The U.S. broke off diplomatic relations with Cuba
the CIA staged a coup in Iran
Egypt became an ally of the west
36
Several events helped to set the tone for 2nd Red Scare. Which is not a contributing factor?
the fall of mainland China to the communists
North Korea's invasion of South Korea
Russia's successful test of an atomic bomb
the Soviets' reaction to the Eisenhower Doctrine
37
Why were the Rosenbergs tried and executed for treason?
Evidence against them was in Whittaker Chamber's possession
Klaus Fuchs identified them as communist spies
They were local members of the American Communist Party
They were communist union organizers in New York
38
Which identifies Eisenhower as a moderate Republican?
He blocked English and French aid during the Suez Crisis
He aided the French to fight communists in Indochina
He signed an armistice in the Korean War
He kept and even expanded some New Deal/Fair Deal programs
39
What was unique about the Civil Rights Act of 1957?
It was responsible for the Voting Rights Commission
It was first civil rights legislation since Reconstruction
authorized Justice Dept. to prosecute mortgage fraud cases
created civil rights division of Secretary of State's office
40
How does the NAACP's approach to civil rights compare to other approaches?
emphasized hard work and patience to gain equality
preferred legal action through courts
Afr. Americans urged equality by political action-> Congress
encouraged direct action through nonviolent protests
