Machiavelli argued in "The Prince"

That rulers should have absolute power, It is better for a ruler to be feared than loved.

How were Henry VIII's motives different from other protestant reformers?

He split from the Catholic Church because it didn't let him get a divorce.

areas of ancient knowledge that helped spark the Scientific Revolution

Mathematics, works of Archimedes & Plato

What role did Adam Smith believe the government should fulfill in society?

limited role in the economy, maintain public works, should defend citizens from injustice and invasion

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Enlightenment Review + Age of Exploration & Absolutism Review + Religions, Renaissance, & Refor

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Questions 92

Answers

1
18th century religious philosophy based on reason and natural law
social contract
rationalism
deism
rococo
2
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on religious tolerance?
Locke
Voltaire
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
3
Which ancient cultures served as the inspiration during the Renaissance?
Ancient Rome
Ancient Egypt
Ancient China
Ancient Greece
4
a small, fast, maneuverable ship that had a large cargo hold and usually three masts with lateen sails
Caravel
Caramel
Carne asada
Carnival
5
the rebirth of a soul in a new body
Eightfold Path
karma
reincarnation
dharma
6
the claim by Chinese kings that they had direct authority from heaven to rule and keep order in the universe
the 10 Commandments
salvation
Mandate of Heaven
Eightfold Path
7
Machiavelli argued in "The Prince"
That rulers should have absolute power
It is better for a ruler to be feared than loved.
Rulers should respect the rights of citizens above all else.
It is better for a ruler to be loved than feared.
8
the state of being saved (going to Heaven) through faith alone or through faith and good works
salvation
justification
Eightfold Path
polytheism
9
This religion views Jesus as a highly honored prophet
Islam
Judaism
Buddhism
Christianity
10
"the rule of the few"; a form of government in which a select group of people exercises control
patron
democracy
theocracy
oligarchy
11
belief in or worship of more than one god
polytheism
Eightfold Path
justification
monotheism
12
a leader in the Spanish conquest of the Americas
plantation
conquistador
peninsulares
Puritans
13
form of government in which the leader is not a king and certain citizens have the right to vote
theocracy
republic
democracy
feudalism
14
How were Henry VIII's motives different from other protestant reformers?
He reached enlightenment before sharing his religious beliefs.
He split from the Catholic Church due to deep religious convictions.
He split from the Catholic Church because it didn't let him get a divorce.
He was able to change the Catholic Church without splitting off from it.
15
the executive, legislative & judicial branches limit & control each other through a system of checks & balances
rationalism
deism
Separation of powers
scientific method
16
an individual's duty fulfilled by observance of custom or law
reincarnation
Eightfold Path
karma
dharma
17
John Calvin's most noted religious teaching
salvation through good works
predestination
All people were equal in the eyes of God
The Bible was the ultimate authority on Earth for Christians
18
society governed by its general will & individuals abide by it since it is what is best for the whole community
deism
social contract
rationalism
rococo
19
People are born like "a blank slate"
Locke
Hobbes
20
religious doctrine developed by a formerly Catholic monk which stated that salvation could be achieved by faith alone
Presbyterian
Calvinism
Lutheranism
Anabaptism
21
Founding Figure in Christianity
Abraham
Muhammad
Jesus
Siddhartha Gautama
22
moral code of ethical conduct that play(s) a fundamental role in Buddhism
Mandate of Heaven
the 10 Commandments
salvation
Eightfold Path
23
a person of mixed European and Native American descent
Creole
Mulattoes
Absolutism
Mestizos
24
What did Martin Luther criticize in his 95 Theses?
The Pope's power
The selling of indulgences
The church's extreme wealth
All of these
25
Who created the first encyclopedia?
Voltaire
Wollstonecraft
Diderot
Adam Smith
26
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on separation of power and checks and balances?
Montesquieu
Locke
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
27
a release from all or part of punishment for sin that could be bought from the Catholic Church
vernacular
secular
indulgence
patron
28
a person who seeks wisdom or enlightenment; a scholar or a thinker
deism
rationalism
philosopher
scientific method
29
Scientific discoveries led Descartes to the belief that _____________ is the chief source of knowledge.
reason
mathematics
ancient authorities
Church teachings
30
What was the first book printed on Gutenburg's printing press?
Our History Textbook
the 95 Theses
Dante's Divine Comedy
The Bible
31
to declare invalid
annul
secular
patron
indulge
32
economic theory of the 17th century; the prosperity of a nation depended on a large supply of gold & silver
Merchant
Communism
Capitalism
Mercantilism
33
the forced voyage of enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas
Heretic
Middle Passage
Mercantilism
Middle Path
34
a settlement of people living in a new territory, linked with the parent country by trade and direct government control
conquistador
Creole
czar
colony
35
a focus on worldly matters, instead of religious matters
secular
humanism
perspective
patron
36
Which is NOT a technology allowed Europeans to expand their exploration of the seas?
sonar
magnetic compass
astrolabe
caravel
37
Founding Figure in Buddhism
Muhammad
Siddhartha Gautama
Abraham
Jesus
38
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on natural rights?
Wollstonecraft
Rousseau
Locke
Montesquieu
39
doctrine that scientists should proceed from the particular to the general through observations & experiments
rationalism
laissez-faire
inductive reasoning
scientific method
40
artistic techniques used to give the effect of three-dimensional depth to two-dimensional surfaces
secular
humanism
speculation
perspective
41
a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money
economics
deflation
inflation
going broke
42
English Protestants who felt that the Church of England needed reform & sought to simplify & regulate forms of worship
Divine Right of Kings
Puritans
Purify
Natural rights
43
political/social order developed during the Middle Ages in which nobles offered protection & land in return for service
patron
theocracy
democracy
feudalism
44
person born on the Iberian Peninsula, often an official who lived in Latin America for political & economic gains
Puritans
conquistador
plantation
peninsulares
45
a large agricultural estate
Puritans
peninsulares
conquistador
plantation
46
rights with which all humans are born, including the rights to life, liberty, and property
Puritans
Natural rights
Divine Right of Kings
Natural state
47
What was the significance of Gutenburg's printing press?
It led to the more rapid spread of ideas.
All of these
It allowed greater access to reading materials.
It led to increased literacy in Europe.
48
the belief in one God, rather than many
reincarnation
theocracy
monotheism
polytheism
49
the concept that the state should not impose government regulations but should leave the economy alone
rationalism
federal system
scientific method
laissez-faire
50
areas of ancient knowledge that helped spark the Scientific Revolution
Eastern medicine
Mathematics
works of Archimedes & Plato
hieroglyphics
51
What role did Adam Smith believe the government should fulfill in society?
limited role in the economy
maintain public works
should defend citizens from injustice and invasion
strong regulations to ensure safety of products made by businesses
52
a form of government in which power is shared between the national and state governments
rationalism
federal system
scientific method
philosopher
53
the sum of a person's actions in life, viewed as deciding their fate in future existences
Eightfold Path
reincarnation
dharma
karma
54
Martin Luther's teachings included
The Bible was the ultimate authority on Earth for Christians
All people were equal in the eyes of God
salvation through faith alone
predestination
55
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on the idea that people give up some freedoms for the general will?
Wollstonecraft
Montesquieu
Locke
Rousseau
56
Who is credited with using inductive reasoning to create the scientific method?
Archimedes
Francis Bacon
Aristotle
Rene Descartes
57
the belief that the kings receive their power from God and are responsible only to God
Democracy
Natural rights
Divine Right of Kings
Dictatorship
58
governed by the "rule of the many," or by the people
theocracy
republic
demographic
democracy
59
foundation technology of the Scientific Revolution
telescope
microscope
telephone
microphone
60
a system in which rulers tried to govern by Enlightenment principles while maintaining their full royal powers
Enlightened absolutism
laissez-faire
scientific method
rationalism
61
How did Enlightenment ideas influence society and culture?
new styles in art
return to traditional teachings
women argued for the same rights as men
growth of reading
62
Founding Figure in Islam
Muhammad
Abraham
Jesus
Siddhartha Gautama
63
This religion views Jesus as simply a Jewish man
Hinduism
Judaism
Islam
Christianity
64
Believed absolute monarchy was the best form of government
Hobbes
Locke
65
a fleet of warships
Arm & Hammer
Creole
Armada
Absolutism
66
a person of mixed African and European descent
Mulattoes
Creole
Absolutism
Mestizos
67
Which of these was NOT a motive for European exploration and expansion?
spreading Christianity
adventure/fame
money
Civil War in England
68
How did Enlightenment thinkers use the ideas of the Scientific Revolution?
questioned the ideas of ancient authorities and the Church
to create new mechanical inventions
to use reason to find the natural law that ruled human behavior
69
the process of being deemed worthy of salvation by God
justification
baptism
Presbyterian
Lutheranism
70
elegant urban drawing rooms where, in the 18th century, people gathered to discuss the ideas of the philosophes
salons
social contract
deism
rationalism
71
a wealthy sponsor of art
humanism
Lutheranism
justification
patron
72
Founding Figure in Judaism
Siddhartha Gautama
Abraham
Jesus
Muhammad
73
Which Enlightenment thinker focused greatly on women's rights?
Montesquieu
Locke
Rousseau
Wollstonecraft
74
the belief that God has determined in advance who will and will not be saved
predestination
Final Destination
indulgences
reincarnation
75
a system of government in which religious leaders rule instituting religious laws as civil laws
theocracy
democracy
patron
justification
76
a person of European descent born in Latin America and living there permanently
Creole
Mestizos
Mulattoes
Absolutism
77
the language of everyday speech in a particular region
patron
vernacular
indulgence
secular
78
In the state of nature, life was poor, nasty, brutish, & short.
Locke
Hobbes
79
the title used by Russian emperors
colony
conquistador
czar
Creole
80
this spread the new ideas of the Scientific Revolution quickly & easily
social media
carrier pigeons
printing press
telephone
81
This Enlightenment thinker advocated for laissez-faire economic policies.
Adam Smith
Wollstonecraft
Diderot
Voltaire
82
systematic procedure for collecting &analyzing evidence that was crucial to the evolution of science in the modern world
salons
deism
rationalism
scientific method
83
intellectual movement of the Renaissance based on the study of the humanities including: art, philosophy, & history
perspective
speculation
humanism
secular
84
Believed representative government was the best form of government.
Locke
Hobbes
85
one who does not conform to established doctrine
Heretic
Indulgences
Rebel
Inflation
86
How did Mary Wollstonecraft use the Enlightenment ideal of reason to advocate rights for women?
all humans are born with reason so women deserve the same rights as men
women should have more rights than men
women give birth to children and should be given more rights
87
This religion views Jesus as the Son of God and Messiah
Judaism
Buddhism
Islam
Christianity
88
Once people gave up their power to a ruler, the people lost the right to question the actions of the ruler
Hobbes
Locke
89
moral code of ethical conduct that play(s) a fundamental role in Judaism and Christianity
the 10 Commandments
salvation
Mandate of Heaven
Eightfold Path
90
a system of thought expounded by Rene Descartes based on belief that reason is the chief source of knowledge
deism
social contract
rococo
rationalism
91
system of labor in which Spanish landowners had the right (from Queen Isabella) to use Native Americans as laborers
mita
peninsulares
encomienda
mulatto
92
a political system in which a ruler holds total power
Mestizos
Mulattoes
Absolutism
Creole

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