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Environmental Science Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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Environmental Science Final Review
Environmental Science Final Review
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#environmentalScience
Flashcards
75 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
75
Answers
1
Acid mine drainage
is unregulated in the United States
harms or kills aquatic life.
purifies streams
causes acid rain.
2
What can be done to sustain the productivity of rangeland?
Leave the land unused for a time.
All of the above
Eliminate invasive plants.
Limit herd size.
3
Which areas of the United States represent ecosystems with high levels of biodiversity?
coastal California
Hawaiian Islands
All of the above
Florida Everglades
4
Which of the following is a threat to coral reefs?
All of the above
oil spills
pesticides
sewage
5
Which of the following pH measurements of rainwater would indicate acid precipitation?
pH 9.6
pH 4.1
pH 6.0
pH 7.3
6
The climate in a region is
determined only by seasonal daylight hours.
the long-term, prevailing atmospheric conditions.
the atmospheric conditions on a given day.
never affected by ocean currents.
7
In which country is the population likely to be increasing most rapidly?
Norway
Australia
Kenya
Germany
8
Which of the following situations best describes the use of a renewable resource?
filling a car with gasoline
burning coal in a power plant
building wooden furniture
mining copper
9
Which of the following factors does not help predict future oil production?
changes in technology
number of oil deposits discovered
the number of oil refineries operating in the past
cost of obtaining fuels
10
As they flow down a mountain to flatter ground, rivers generally become
wider.
All of the above
warmer.
slower.
11
In an experiment, the factor of interest is called the
experimental group.
hypothesis.
variable
control group.
12
The relationship between acacia trees and the ants that live on them is an example of
parasitism.
mutualism.
commensalism.
predation.
13
Which of the following would cause the smallest increase in smog in an urban area?
frequent thermal inversions
dependence on coal for heating
location in a valley or basin
combustion of ethanol in cars
14
The most energy-efficient vehicles available today are
hybrid cars.
fuel cell cars.
cars with gasoline engines
cars that use biomass fuel.
15
Which kind of organism obtains energy only from producers?
omnivores
herbivores
All of the above
decomposers
16
What are wind and water erosion not likely to affect?
rocks
soil
mountains
tides
17
Gangue minerals
have no commercial value.
are valued for their rarity and durability
are the most difficult to mine.
are native elements.
18
The National Farmland Protection Program was designed to
protect farmland from environmental damage from pollution.
protect farmland from being developed.
protect farmland from being overtaken
protect farmland from damage by wild grazing animals
19
Which organism is likely to be in the bottom trophic level of a food chain?
leopard seal
killer whale
algae
krill
20
Which of the following contributes most to acid precipitation?
burning of fossil fuels
ethanol
All of the above
radon and ozone
21
The fact that useful man-made substances can cause unforeseen damage is illustrated by
All of the above
the detection of Oscillatoria rubescens in Lake Washington.
the pollution of the Gulf of Mexico from farm chemicals.
the condition of the atmosphere’s protective ozone layer
22
In the _____ zone, the water is cool and dark.
eutrophic
plankton
benthic
littoral
23
A true statement about parasitism is that parasites
cause their hosts to become more vulnerable to predators.
are always animals and never plants.
do not live on or in their hosts’ bodies.
immediately kill their hosts.
24
Which of the following is not an environmental effect of deforestation?
reduction of wildlife habitat
re-establishment of trees
soil erosion
loss of topsoil
25
Human population growth was most rapid during which period of human history?
Bronze and Iron Ages
Stone Ages
Ice Ages
Modern Age
26
What part of Earth encompasses all areas where organisms can obtain the energy they need?
lithosphere
hydrosphere
biosphere
atmosphere
27
From whom must mining companies obtain permits before mining a site?
federal agencies only
local government only
a bonding company
state and federal agencies
28
Deep currents flow along the
halocline.
ocean floor
thermocline.
ocean surface
29
The carrying capacity for a particular species at a particular time is determined by
reproductive potential of the species.
supply of the most limited resources.
number of individuals in the species.
distribution of the population.
30
Which of the following is not a strategy that could slow population growth?
public advertising
limiting education for women
economic incentives
legal punishments
31
Scientists use statistics to
graph data
analyze data.
communicate ideas to each other
All of the above
32
Which of the following includes all of the water on or near Earth’s surface?
hydrosphere
lithosphere
geosphere
atmosphere
33
Which of the following converts nitrogen in the air into a form plants can use?
animals
protists
fungi
bacteria
34
What is reforestation?
None of the above
removing all trees from an area
replanting trees in an area
removing selected trees from an area
35
The 1991 cholera outbreak in Lima, Peru was caused by
rats and other rodents.
lack of clean water.
widespread malnutrition.
inadequate medical care.
36
Why is the world’s loss of biodiversity a source of concern?
is not a concern because extinctions are common.
Humans depend upon other organisms for food and oxygen.
Both (a) and (b)
Species extinctions been rare in history.
37
Between 1880 and 1930 human population doubled due to
All of the above
the Industrial revolution
a combination of high birth rates and low death rates
improvements in societal infrastructure and services.
38
Land where it is possible to grow crops is called
All of the above
arable land.
organic land
vegetative land.
39
Which step are scientists conducting when they photograph birds in flight?
analyzing data
observing
hypothesizing
drawing conclusions
40
Which organism produces most of the food in an aquatic ecosystem?
fish
zooplankton
phytoplankton
barnacles
41
Which of the following characteristics is usually shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants?
They usually have cell walls.
They have the ability to make their own food.
They have cell nuclei.
They are single-celled.
42
The type of hunting that threatens species survival the most is
legal hunting done by sports enthusiasts.
ignored by global conservation groups.
especially a problem in less developed nations
sanctioned by industrialized nations.
43
Placer deposits are surface mineral deposits that have been concentrated by
evaporation and condensation
movement of wind and water.
subsurface mining
surface mining.
44
Which of the following describes soil and temperature in an ecosystem?
abiotic factors
selection factors
unnecessary factors
biotic factors
45
Which of the following is not an ecosystem?
vacant lot
coral reef
utility pole
oak forest
46
The chance that an earthquake will occur in your town during the next year is an example of
distribution
skepticism.
risk.
correlation.
47
An example of a population is
all animals in a forest.
all plants in a forest
all trees in a forest.
all maple trees in a forest.
48
true statement about sulfur dioxides is that they are
involved in the formation of acid precipitation
participants in the chemical reactions that produce ozone.
released when solvents are used in manufacturing.
primarily a byproduct of fuel burning in automobiles.
49
Which of the following is not a main use of fuel?
heating and cooling buildings
cooking
transportation
manufacturing
50
All of these fields of study contribute to environmental science except
linguistics.
social sciences
biology and earth sciences
physics and chemistry
51
Light pollution can be decreased by
increasing the number of lights per block on a city street
using incandescent light bulbs.
directing lighting downward.
lighting billboards from below.
52
The U.S. Census Bureau defines an urban area as an area that contains more than
250,000 people
25,000 people
2,500 people.
250 people
53
Which of the following is a side effect of heat islands?
lower temperatures and drought
lower temperatures
drought
increased precipitation
54
Which factor contributed most to the expexponential growth of the human population?
increased immigration
higher fertility rates
higher birth rates
more food, better hygiene
55
Single-celled organisms with cell walls but no nuclei are
protists.
bacteria.
All of the above
fungi.
56
What is the estimated temperature of Earth’s inner core?
3,000°C to 4,000°C
4,000°C to 5,000°C
300°C to 400°C
400°C to 500°C
57
Each of the following is an example of a parasite except
mistletoe on a tree.
a cow in a pasture.
a roundworm in a human’s intestine.
a tick on a cat.
58
Erosion is most likely when the soil is
plowed along the contour of the land
covered with grass.
planted to forest.
bare and exposed to wind and rain.
59
An area prone to landslides is an example of
marginal land.
open space.
rangeland.
rural land
60
In what part of the world are the greatest number of extinctions occurring?
in deserts
in tropical rain forests
in the Arctic
in Europe and the United States
61
Where do most Americans live?
on producing farms
in urban areas
There is an equal distribution of people across the land
in rural areas
62
What is one property that may be used to distinguish metallic from nonmetallic minerals?
carbon content
electrical conductivity
value
cost to extract
63
The current rate of species extinction is
. the result of natural environmental processes
slower than at any other time in this century.
of little consequence to Earth’s long-term survival.
attributable to the actions of humans.
64
What are the two main types of freshwater wetlands?
littoral zones and benthic zones
lakes and ponds
. rivers and streams
marshes and swamps
65
A model of a dinosaur is an example of a _____ model.
mathematical
graphical
conceptual
physical
66
Many angiosperms depend on
gymnosperms for reproducing.
plants for food.
other animals in the oceans.
animals to carry pollen and disperse seeds.
67
the number of wild horses per square kilometer in a prairie is the horse populations
birth rate.
size.
dispersion.
density.
68
Most land animals depend on angiosperms for
All of the above
food.
water.
reproduction.
69
Before you can make a decision using a decision-making model, what step must you take?
Consider which values apply to the issue
All of the above
Gather information.
Explore the consequences of each option
70
what percentage of species have become or are expected to become extinct between 1900 and 2100?
25 percent
10 percent
60 percent
1 percent
71
The energy in fossil fuels is often converted into
magnetic fields.
uranium.
electricity.
power plants.
72
With respect to energy, Earth is a(n)
stationary system
open system.
unstable system.
closed system
73
Solar energy, or energy from the sun, is contained in
all nonrenewable resources.
uranium.
radioactive waste
fossil fuels.
74
Which of the following would not be a consequence of a rise in global temperature?
increased frequency of major storms
rising sea level
increased polar ice mass
increased frequency of major droughts
75
Earth's various organisms appear to be
concentrated in certain biomes.
evolving at an unprecedented rate
mostly small vertebrates.
largely known to scientists.
