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AP Biology review for Unit 7 (Evolution) Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Biology review for Unit 7 (Evolution)
AP Biology review for Unit 7 (Evolution)
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1
Which of the following statements is true concerning homology and analogy?
analogous structures show divergent evolution
homologous structures have different ancestry
homologous structures have the same ancestry
analogous structures have the same ancestry
2
Before it was known that the Earth was 4.6 billion years old, how old was it thought to be?
6 million years old
60 million years old
6 thousand years old
6 hundred years old
3
How do phylogenetic trees and cladograms differ?
In phylo. trees ancient ancestors are located at the bottom
In cladograms more ancient organism are on the left
In cladograms more recent organisms are on the left
In phylogenetic trees ancient ancestors do not exist
4
What can be concluded if the frequency of a recessive trait does not change over time?
The population is undergoing genetic drift
The phenotype is adapted to conditions and is in equilibrium
there is sexual selection taking place
a high rate of mutation has occurred
5
According to the phylogenetic tree below which group is most ancient
sharks
humans
frogs
Lizards
6
geographic isolation....
is a pre-zygotic isolating mechanism
promotes allopatric speciation
is a post-zygotic isolating mechanism
promotes sympatric speciation
7
In Darwin's theory of evolution by natural selection, who are the "best fit"
individuals that leave offspring
those that are best adapted to an enviroment
those that are the strongest
those that are well adapted and leave the most offspring
8
What is more closely related to mice?
lizards
chimps
pigeons
hagfish
9
What do the following represent in the H-W equation? p
2
+ 2pq + q
2
p2= the dominant allele frequency
q2= the frequency of homozygous recessive individuals
q2=the recessive allele frequency
2pq= the frequency of heterozygotes
10
the recessive allele frequency is .5; what is the heterozygous frequency?
.75
.5
.25
.3
11
John Baptiste Lamarck is best known for this incorrect mechanism for evolution...
inheritance of acquired characteristics
genetic drift
use and disuse
natural selection
12
What happens if populations can not adapt to their environment?
they stay extanct
they evolve
they become extinct
they develop variation
13
which of the following is a criteria for maintaining Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
populations must be large
All genotype frequencies are equal
mate selection
no natural selection
14
Which taxon represented by the shaded region represents a monophyletic group?
Taxon B b/c it shows an ancestor and some of its decedents
Taxon C b/c it shows an ancestor and some of its decedents
Taxon A b/c it shows an ancestor and all of it's decendents
All three Taxa are monophyletic
15
A common ancestor for both species C and E could be at position number
2
3
4
1
16
What constitutes a biological species
organisms that have similar traits
organisms that live together
organisms with homologous traits
organisms that mate and produce fertile offspring
17
Before Darwin, what was the prevailing notion about organisms?
populations rapidly change
populations gradually change
populations are unchanging
18
Stabilizing natural selection favors...
two extreme traits
one extreme trait
the average trait
19
Why are pesticides not useful in the long run?
pests become immune to pesticides
strong enough pesticides are not approved for use
pests learn to live with the pesticide
pests acquire heritable mutations that give them resistance
20
If 49 of 100 rabbits have recessive white fur. What is the frequency of the dominant allele?
.3
.7
.42
.49
21
Is the diagram below a phylogenetic tree or cladogram?
phylogenetic tree
cladogram
22
If the DNA of two populations is analyzed and found to be very similar it indicates that
the two populations are one species
the two populations are two different species
the two populations are evolving
the two populations are hybrids
23
Which of the following most strongly supports the common origin of all life on Earth?
all organisms reproduce
all organisms have undergone evolution
all organisms require energy
All organisms use the same genetic code
24
which of the following reproductive barriers is
not
correctly matched
behavioral.....courtship rituals vary
habitat....there are morphological differences
gametic.....gametes are not compatible
temporal......breeding at different times
25
What would be the best technique for determining the evolutionary relationships among species?
the fossil record
DNA or RNA analysis
comparative embryology
comparative anatomy
