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Earth Science Quarter 1 Review 2021 Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Quarter 1 Review 2021
Earth Science Quarter 1 Review 2021
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1
Where is the Sun located on the HR diagram
the Sun is not a star.
as an average star in the main sequence
as a massive star
as a dwarf star
2
How is Pluto different from the outer planets?
it is small and rocky
it has a very low temperature.
it is a small gaseous planet
it is beyond the asteroid belt
3
Fossils such as __________ provide evidence of past life and environmental conditions.
hieroglyphics
rocks and sand
footprints and shells
rare minerals
4
A light-year is a measure of
distance
velocity
time
speed
5
Fossils provide evidence of __________.
how life & environmental conditions have changed over time
how the climate and weather has remained stable over time
how life and the environment has remained stable over time
how the environment has changed but life has remained stable
6
The spin of a body on its axis is called ________.
rotation
revolution
orbital period
axial tilt
7
Which of the following is used as evidence to construct the geologic time scale?
all of the above
comparative studies of different rock sequences
radiometric age data
fossils
8
Which of the following parts of our solar system make up most of the visible mass?
the eight planets
the comets
the sun
the asteroids
9
Which of the following space objects is a satellite?
neither Earth nor the moon
both Earth and the moon
Earth only
the moon only
10
The orbits of all planets are __________.
rectangular
parabolic
elliptical
circular
11
What has the highest preservation potential?
jellyfish
fish
clam
12
What is a comet?
a small body of ice, rock, and dust that orbits the sun
irregularly shaped piece of debris broken from an asteroid
trail of light seen from Earth as a meteoroid burns up
a minor body that orbits the sun beyond the orbit of Neptune
13
Which forms of alternative energy derive from the energy in sunlight?
all of the above
biofuels
hydroelectric
wind
14
Which statement best compares the four inner planets and four outer planets?
inner=smaller & heavier; outer planets are larger & lighter
inner =larger & heavier; outer planets= smaller and lighter
inner planets=larger& lighter; outer planets=smaller&heavier
inner=smaller & lighter; outer planets are larger & heavier
15
What is the fossilized sediment that fills a mold?
fossil
mold
cast
16
If an astronaut in space in orbit around the Earth let go of a wrench, the wrench would,
fall to Earth
the wrench would remain in orbit around the Earth
the wrench would fly off into space
the wrench would stop moving
17
The universe consists of ________________.
about a thousand galaxies
eight galaxies which orbit the sun
one galaxy that contains many stars
billions of galaxies
18
How large is the sun relative to the Earth?
The sun has more than one-thousand times the volume of Earth
The sun has more than one-billion times the volume of Earth.
The sun has more than one-million times the volume of Earth.
They are nearly the same size.
19
Which type of galaxy is the Milky Way?
an irregular galaxy
a quasar
a spiral galaxy
an elliptical galaxy
20
What is the importance of studying fossils?
show how life & environmental conditions have changed
to provide info about current life forms conditions
to provide info on how previous life forms would exist now
provide info on how current life forms existed in the past
21
Is our solar system the center of the universe?
no
yes
22
What would be an example of evidence that could be used to construct the geologic time scale?
all of the above
event observed in different rock sequences around the world
index fossils
radiometric dating of rocks in an impact crater
23
Which of the following planets has the longest orbit?
Neptune
Earth
Mercury
Mars
24
The youngest fossils are___?
Deeper in the rocks
in the middle of the rocks
higher in the rocks
25
Is the universe composed of billions of stars, all making up one galaxy called the Milky Way?
No
Yes
26
What process converted light energy from the sun to the chemical energy stored in plants?
decay
weathering
compaction
photosynthesis
27
What is a galaxy?
a disc of dust and gas
a body of hot, glowing gas
a pattern formed by several stars viewed from Earth
a group of billions of stars
28
According to the International Astronomical Union (IAU), why is Pluto no longer considered a planet?
Its distance from the Sun is greater than 35 AUs
It's not massive enough to clear small bodies from its orbit.
It's too massive to assume a rounded shape.
It does not follow an elliptical orbit around the sun
29
Are all planets equally capable of sustaining life?
Yes
Depends
Only the Earth can sustain life
No
30
The fossil record provides evidence for which of the following?
the existence of past life forms
changes in past environments
all of the above
evolution
31
As we look farther out in space, we are seeing objects _________.
as they will look in the future
that do not give off light
as they appear right now
as they appeared in the past
32
Without the fossil record, we would NOT know about which of the following?
mass extinctions
the ancestors of humans
all of the above
dinosaurs
33
Do fossils provide a complete history of life?
no
yes
34
Using radiometric dating, the age of Earth has been established as about ________.
4 million years old
4.6 billion years old
13–15 billion years old
4000 years old
35
Which best classifies the planets of our solar system based on their physical characteristics?
blue and red planets
dead and living planets
gas giants and terrestrial planets
fluid and solid planets
36
Which of the following would be categorized as a fossil?
layer of ash from a volcanic eruption millions of years ago
a mammoth preserved in ice
a skeleton of a mouse that has just died
a dog's footprints in the sand at the beach
37
Which of the following is generally considered to be a minor body in the solar system?
all of the above
dwarf planet
moon
comet
38
How can fossils tell us about Earth's past?
give clues of changes in the organism's body structure
used to date the time of rock layers when the organism lived
All of the above are true
give clues about environmental changes where organisms lived
39
Which of the following space objects is a satellite?
the International Space Station only
neither the moon nor the International Space Station
the moon only
both the moon and the International Space Station
40
Where is the asteroid belt located?
beyond Neptune
between the sun and Mercury
between Jupiter and Saturn
between Mars and Jupiter
41
A meteoroid that reaches Earth's surface is called
a stony meteoroid
a meteorite
an iron meteoroid
a meteor
42
There are planets with crusts and mantles composed of rocks &minerals. Where are they located?
between the sun and the asteroid belt only
beyond the asteroid belt only
within the asteroid belt, and beyond the asteroid belt
within the asteroid belt only
43
How do scientists define an astronomical unit?
the distance between Earth and the sun
the distance from one end of the solar system to the other
distance from one end of the Milky Way galaxy to the other
the distance between Earth and the moon
44
Which term describes any object that revolves around a larger object in space?
asteroid
moon
planet
satellite
45
What is the original form of energy that is converted to the kinetic energy in wind?
chemical energy in air
kinetic energy of moving water
light energy from the sun
magnetic energy of Earth's poles
46
What are the three main types of galaxies?
black dwarf, red giant, and white dwarf
regular, spherical, and spiral
elliptical, irregular, and spiral
dwarf, giant, and main sequence
47
Which of the following statements about spiral galaxies is true?
Spiral galaxies are rare
they lack arms of gas and dust
they often have a bulge in the center
they always have a reddish center
48
Are casts and molds the same fossil?
no
yes
49
Which of the following is a type of fossilization?
permineralization
all of the above
petrification
the formation of a cast
50
Our __________________ is made up of the planets and their moons all in orbit around the Sun.
universe
galaxy
milky way
solar system
