What happens during the process of translation?

The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins

In which situation are the phenotypes of F2 offspring expected to follow the ratio of 9:3:3:1

a dihybrid cross for 2 unlinked traits

DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,

each with one new strand and one original strand

What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?

Secondary begins on soil and primary begins on newly exposed surfaces.

The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because

energy flows in one direction and nutrients recycle.

Gregor Mendel concluded that traits are

inherited through the passing of factors from parents to offspring

No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same tim

because of the competitive exclusion principle.

Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of

four genetically different cells.

An organism's niche is

How the organism uses the physical and biological conditions it lives in.

The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the

less likely they are to be inherited together.

Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of

pyrimidines in DNA is about equal to the percentage of purines.

The greenhouse effect is

a natural phenomenon that maintains Earth’s temperature range

Which is one way a wetland ecosystem differs from a standing-water ecosystem?

Water does not always cover a wetland as it does a standing-water ecosystem

Which density-dependent factors other than the predator/prey relationship affected populations of moose and wolves on IR

food availability for the moose and disease for the wolf

Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis?

messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA

What principle states during gamete formation genes 4 diff traits separate without influencing each other’s inheritance?

principle of independent assortment

Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?

deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine

If a nutrient is in such short supply in an ecosystem that it affects an animal’s growth, the

substance is a limiting nutrient.

A tall plant is crossed with a short plant. If the tall F1 pea plants are allowed to self-pollinate

some of the offspring will be tall, and some will be short.

Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?

Species make up populations, which make up communities.

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Biology Final

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Biology B final exam practice sheet

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Questions 75

Answers

1
What is the term for each step in the transfer of energy and matter within a food web?
trophic level
energy path
food chain
food pyramid
2
During DNA replication, a DNA strand that has the bases CTAGGT produces a strand with the bases
TCGAAC.
GATCCA.
GAUCCA.
AGCTTG.
3
Each of the following is an abiotic factor in the environment EXCEPT
temperature
plant life
soil type
rainfall
4
Two heterozygous for normal skin color (Aa) produce an albino offspring (aa). Which of Mendel’s principles explains this
segregation only
dominance and segregation
independent assortment only
dominance only
5
What happens during the process of translation?
Messenger RNA is made from DNA.
Copies of DNA molecules are made.
The cell uses information from messenger RNA to produce proteins
Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA
6
F pig homozygous dominant for black is mated with a M homozygous white. In a litter of eight offspring, there would be
8 black guinea pigs
4 black and 4 white guinea pigs
8 white guinea pigs
2 black, 4 gray, and 2 white guinea pigs
7
Which biome is characterized by very low temperatures, little precipitation, and permafrost?
temperate forest
tropical dry forest
tundra
desert
8
In which situation are the phenotypes of F2 offspring expected to follow the ratio of 9:3:3:1
a monohybrid cross for 2 closely linked traits
a dihybrid cross for 2 closely linked traits
a dihybrid cross for 2 unlinked traits
a monohybrid cross for 2 unlinked traits
9
DNA replication results in two DNA molecules,
each with two new strands.
each with one new strand and one original strand
one with two new strands and the other with two original strands.
each with two original strands.
10
What is one difference between primary and secondary succession?
Primary is slow and secondary is rapid.
Secondary begins on soil and primary begins on newly exposed surfaces.
Secondary begins with lichens and primary begins with trees.
Primary modifies the environment and secondary does not.
11
What is an organism that feeds only on plants called?
carnivore
omnivore
detrivore
herbivore
12
The series of predictable changes that occurs in a community over time is called
climax community.
population growth.
ecological succession.
climate change
13
The total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level is called the
trophic mass
energy mass
organic mass
biomass
14
The movements of energy and nutrients through living systems are different because
energy is limited in the biosphere and nutrients are always available
nutrients flow in one direction and energy recycles
energy forms chemical compounds and nutrients are lost as heat
energy flows in one direction and nutrients recycle.
15
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
photosynthesis
burning of fossil fuels.
decomposition of plants and animals.
transpiration
16
Which two biomes have the least amount of precipitation?
tropical savanna and tropical dry forest
tundra and desert
boreal forest and temperate woodland and shrubland
tropical rain forest and temperate grassland
17
Gregor Mendel concluded that traits are
determined by recessive factors only
determined by dominant factors only.
inherited through the passing of factors from parents to offspring
not inherited by offspring
18
What is an ecological model of the network of relationships that flows from producers to consumers
an ecosystem
food chain
food web
a population
19
No two species can occupy the same niche in the same habitat at the same tim
because of the competitive exclusion principle.
unless the species require different abiotic factors
because of the interactions that shape the ecosystem.
unless the species require different biotic factors
20
Which animal stays in cold to moderate winters, warm summers, fertile soils, and lots of vegetation
iguana
polar bear
white tailled deer
moose
21
How is carbon stored in the biosphere?
in the oceans as dissolved carbon dioxide
all of the above
in the atmosphere as carbon dioxide
underground as fossil fuels and calcium carbonate rock
22
In the P generation, a tall plant is crossed with a short plant. The probability that an F2 plant will be tall is
50
100
25
75
23
Unlike mitosis, meiosis results in the formation of
four genetically identical cells.
two genetically identical cells
two genetically different cells.
four genetically different cells.
24
An organism's niche is
all the physical and biological factors in the organism’s environment.
the range of temperatures that the organism needs to survive.
How the organism uses the physical and biological conditions it lives in.
a full description of the place an organism lives.
25
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called
ecology
modeling
economy
recycling
26
The farther apart two genes are located on a chromosome, the
less likely they are to be inherited together.
less likely they are to assort independently
less likely they are to be separated by a crossover during meiosis.
more likely they are to be linked.
27
In which part of the cell does this process shown in Figure 12-2 take place?
in the nucleus
in food vacuoles
on the chromosome
at the ribosomes
28
Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of
purines in DNA is much greater than the percentage of pyrimidines.
adenine in DNA is about equal to the percentage of guanine molecules.
cytosine in DNA is much greater than the percentage of guanine molecules.
pyrimidines in DNA is about equal to the percentage of purines.
29
10 percent of energy stored in an organism is passed to the next trophic level. Remaining energy is used as
stored as fat
eliminated as heat
used in reproduction
stored as body tissue
30
What happens between meiosis I and meiosis II that reduces the number of chromosomes?
Replication occurs twice.
Metaphase occurs.
Crossing-over occurs.
Replication does not occur.
31
The repeated movement of water between Earth’s surface and the atmosphere is called
the condensation cycyle
evaporation
the water cycyle
precipitation
32
The greenhouse effect is
the result of the differences in the angle of the sun’s rays.
the result of an excess of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
An unnatural way for heat energy to be radiated back into the atmosphere.
a natural phenomenon that maintains Earth’s temperature range
33
Gregor Mendel used pea plants to study
cross-pollination
flowering
the inheritance of traits
gamete formation
34
Which is one way a wetland ecosystem differs from a standing-water ecosystem?
Water does not always cover a wetland as it does a standing-water ecosystem
Wetlands are salty, but standing-water ecosystems are fresh.
Wetlands are nesting areas for birds, but standing-water ecosystems are not
Water circulates in a standing-water ecosystem, but not in a wetland.
35
Which density-dependent factors other than the predator/prey relationship affected populations of moose and wolves on IR
a hurricane followed by drought for both moose and wolves
parasitic wasps for the wolves and clear-cut forest for the moose
food availability for the moose and disease for the wolf
extreme temperatures for the moose and flooding for the wolves
36
How many codons are needed to specify three amino acids?
9
3
12
6
37
Density, distribution, and growth rate are characteristics used to classify which one of the following?
populations
biomes
age structure
limiting factor
38
Which of the following is a density-independent limiting factor?
earthquake
parisitism
disease
emigration
39
Which type(s) of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis?
messenger RNA, ribosomal RNA, and transfer RNA
ribosomal RNA and transfer RNA only
transfer RNA only
messenger RNA only
40
What principle states during gamete formation genes 4 diff traits separate without influencing each other’s inheritance?
principle of dominance
principle of independent assortment
principle of segregation
principle of probabilities
41
Which of the following is a nucleotide found in DNA?
deoxyribose + phosphate group + uracil
ribose + phosphate group + thymine
deoxyribose + phosphate group + cytosine
ribose + phosphate group + uracil
42
Flowering plant has seeds carried by the wind. Find the most likely dispersion pattern of the plants grown by the seeds
clumped groups
random
uniform
spatial
43
A mutation that involves a single nucleotide is called a(an)
inversion
translocation.
chromosomal mutation.
point mutation.
44
During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed
inside the nucleus
that is double-stranded.
that is identical to part of a single strand of DNA.
that is complementary to both strands of DNA
45
Organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait are said to be
dominant
heterozyogus
homozyogus
hybrid
46
If a nutrient is in such short supply in an ecosystem that it affects an animal’s growth, the
animal becomes a decomposer.
ecosystem will not survive
nutrient leaves the food chain
substance is a limiting nutrient.
47
A symbiosis in which both species benefit is
mutualism
commensalism
predation
parasitism
48
Linked genes
assort independently
are never recessive
are on the same chromsome
are alwyas recessive
49
A tall plant is crossed with a short plant. If the tall F1 pea plants are allowed to self-pollinate
some of the offspring will be tall, and some will be short.
all of the offspring will be short.
all of the offspring will be tall.
the offspring will be of medium height
50
Which of the following descriptions about the organization of an ecosystem is correct?
Populations make up species, which make up communities.
Communities make up species, which make up populations
Species make up populations, which make up communities.
Species make up communities, which make up populations
51
Structure III in Figure 12-2 represents a(n) ____.
codon
DNA molecule
gene
amino acid
52
Each of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor EXCEPT
competition
disease
crowding
predation
53
All of the following factors contribute to Earth’s climate EXCEPT
biomes and ecosystems.
latitude.
shape and elevation of land mass.
transport of heat.
54
A snake that eats a frog that has eaten an insect that fed on a plant is a
second-level producer.
first-level consumer.
first-level producer.
third-level consumer.
55
During a long period with no rainfall, a mountain lion may temporarily leave it normal spot for farm-pond water
its need to find different foods to eat.
the change in an abiotic factor in its environment.
the change in a biotic factor in its environment.
its need to find a new habitat
56
A cross of a red cow (RR) with a white bull (WW) produces all roan offspring (RRWW) This type of inheritance is known as
incomplete dominance.
polygenic inheritance.
codominance
multiple alleles.
57
Which will reduce competition within a species’ population?
fewer indivisuals
higher birthrate
Fewer resources
higher population density
58
Variation in human skin color is a result of
codominance
incomplete dominance
multiple alleles
polygenic traits
59
A biome is identified by its particular set of abiotic factors and its
specific geographical location.
Characteristics ecological community
average precipitation and temperature
distance from the equator.
60
Applicants for the third job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 12-1, "Executive Position," could qualify if they were ____.
tRNA
rRNA
DNA
mRNA
61
What is the original source of almost all the energy in most ecosystems?
sunlight
water
carbohydrates
carbon
62
Unlike DNA, RNA contains
uracil
adenine
thymine
phosphate groups
63
Why is it possible for an amino acid to be specified by more than one kind of codon?
Some codons do not specify an amino acid.
AUG codes for methionine and is the “start” codon for protein synthesis
Some codons have the same sequence of nucleotides.
There are 64 different kinds of codons but only 20 amino acids.
64
The process illustrated in Figure 12-2 is called ____.
monoploidy
replication
trasncription
translation
65
As resources in a population become less available, population growth
declines rapidly
enters a phase of exponential growth.
reaches carrying capacity.
increases slowly.
66
Why does Earth have three main climate zones?
Physical interference with global heat distribution cause by landmasses
The Earth rotates and affects the major ocean currents.
Warm air rises at equator and cold air sinks at poles -unequal distribution
The differences in latitude and, thus, the angle of heating from the sun
67
During translation, the type of amino acid that is added to the growing polypeptide depends on the
codon on the mRNA only.
codon on mRNA and the anticodon on tRNA where the amino acid is attached.
anticodon on the tRNA to which the amino acid is attached only.
anticodon on the mRNA only.
68
Which of the following might be used to decrease the rate of approach to carrying capacity by the developed world?
decrease death rate
decrease emigration
decrease recource use
increaste birthrate
69
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
plants.
humans.
bacteria
consumers.
70
Gametes are produced by the process of
meiosis
mitosis
crossing-over
replication
71
Situations in which one allele for a gene is not completely dominant over another allele for that gene are called
multiple alleles.
incomplete dominance.
polygenic inheritance.
multiple genes.
72
Water lilies do not grow in desert sand because water availability to these plants in a desert is
a competition factor
a limiting factor
the carrying capacity
none of the above
73
Applicants for the fourth job of the Help Wanted ad in Table 12-1, "Supervisor," could qualify if they were ____.
rRNA
tRNA
mRNA
DNA
74
A heter. for round, yellow (RrYy) is crossed with a homo. for round but heter. for yellow (RRYy), different phenotypes
2
16
8
4
75
Which is a factor that could interrupt the progress of succession?
long-term fluctuations in climate
colonization of surfaces by lichens
different animals appearing at each stage
another natural disturbance

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