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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
AP Human Geography Final Exam Review
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1
in Central Place Theory, the threshold of a service is determined by what factor?
the maximum distance people are willing to go for a service
the market area of a service
the amount of nodal areas in a Central Place Theory
the minimum number of people to support a service
2
What trend in today's global industrial distribution does the political cartoon depict?
Chinese & Indian migrant workers returning home to new jobs
Trade laws banning India & China from investing in the US
Outsourcing/offshoring of US factories & jobs to China/India
return of Chinese & Indian factories back to their countries
3
Which of the following in NOT a likely government response to an aging population?
increasing taxes to pay for pensions
decreasing taxes on the workforce
raising the retirement age
providing jobs for people over 65 to get work
4
What might the USDA say about the size of farms in the United States today?
total farmland in the US is decreasing
Farms in the US are fewer in number and bigger in size
farms in the US are bigger and number of farms is increasing
total farmland in the US is increasing
5
What are the laws enacted to combat suburban sprawl called?
Community Reinvestment Act
Zoning ordinances
Smart growth
Urban renewal
6
In Von Thunen, which is the correct order of ag land use traveling outward from market center?
Livestock, milk, wheat
Wheat, livestock, milk
Vegetables, forest, milk
Milk, forest, wheat
7
Which industry locates close to the market to minimize transportation cost of heavy products
weight gaining industries
weight reducing industries
primary industries
tertiary industries
8
The hearth of the Industrial Revolution was
India
United States
Northern England & Southern Scotland
China
9
Ethnic religions tend to be found near their hearth. Which religion is NOT typical of this?
Shintoism
Judaism
Hinduism
Buddhism
10
What term do geographers use to refer to place names?
Symbols
Assimilation
Toponyms
Acculturation
11
To participate in international trade, a country must id the assets it can provide. This is
Supranationalism
Commodification
Least cost Theory
Comparative advantage
12
Edge cities typically grow on the border of large urban centers at points near what factor?
major roads and airports
sports and recreation centers
schools and universities
electrical and nuclear power plants
13
____ encompasses the numerous goods and services that are a part of the agriculture business
Subsistence farming
Genetically modified organisms
Agribusiness
Bioengineering
14
The process in which wealthy people move into formerly poor neighborhoods is what process?
White flight
Gentrification
Urbanization
Block busting
15
World Systems Theory- Core countries dominate the world today due to past
colonization
urbanization
military power
industrialization
16
_____ are people who have left their residence out of fear but have not left their own country.
asylum seekers
internationally displaced persons
refugees
undocumented immigrants
17
An example of a weight reducing industry would be
Furniture
Automobiles
Sailboats
Copper
18
This image represents
ethnic segregation
ethnic separatism
ethnic exclave
ethnic enclave
19
Which info would be useful in determining which stage a country would be in on the DTM?
GDP per capita
literacy rate
infant mortality rate
total fertility rate
20
It is agreed that the current trend in voluntary migration is caused by
educational opportunities available on the internet
political instability in the neighboring countries
increasing economic opportunities in urban areas
chain migration over international borders
21
Which of the following is the MOST accurate definition of ethnicity?
feeling of nationalism within a group of people
group of people with common language
biological characteristics of a group of people
people with common cultural/nationalistic traditions
22
Doubling time is -
crude death rate - crude birth rate (per 1000)
dependent on patterns of immigration and emigration
time it takes for pop. to double if growth remains constant
crude birth rate - crude death rate (per 1000)
23
Fundamental principle of the Sector Model is based on what?
Development is based on locations of businesses
Development is structured among the CBD
Development is based on amenities
Development is centered around transportation routes
24
Which of these has contributed the most to Mexico's development over the past 20 years?
NAFTA and maquiladoras
increase in maize and other vegetable exports
rise in the price of petroleum and gold
increase in American and international tourism
25
Which of the following is an underlying assumption of the Von Thunen Model of rural land use?
The soil quality changed for each ring
Arid climates dominated the outer rings
The city was completely surrounded by water
Farmers act under a profit-driven mindset
26
Permanent members of the United Nation's Security Council include all of the following EXCEPT
China
United Kingdom
Russia
Japan
27
most noticeable geographic trend in the last 30 yrs regarding the world's most populated cities
Most of the top 20 cities are in Africa
larger percentage of top 20 cities are in Europe
Most of the top 20 cities are in LDCs
most of top 20 cities are in MDCs
28
According to Weber's model of industrial location, a steel mill would be typically located
next to an airport
in a city
next to raw materials
next to a shipping port
29
Which of the following microloans would be most beneficial to women in the long-term?
loan to help start a rice farm in China that employs women
loan to help a toy factory in Vietnam meet health standards
loan to help a textile factory in Bangladesh expand
loan to build a k-12 school for girls in rural Pakistan
30
Who developed Central Place Theory?
Walter Christaller
August Losch
Ernest Burgess
Walt Rostow
31
Some believe a 5th phase should be added to DTM to reflect -
impact of immigration on growth of MDCs
declining population in some developed countries
rapid growth of some countries in Africa and South Asia
impact of emigration on declining populations in LDCs
32
Which of the following most accurately describes the Human Development Index (HDI)
composite of per capita income, infrastructure, corruption
composite of life expectancy, education, per capita income
composite of per capita income, education, infrastructure
composite of life expectancy, pollution, infrastructure
33
The Industrial Rev is credited as the principal cause of pop growth at which stage of the DTM?
Stage 3
Stage 4
Stage 1
Stage 2
34
Which of the descriptions most accurately captures the process of globalization?
acceleration of interdependence across national borders
loss of interconnectedness between places
decline of communications technologies
spread of cultural homogeneity/loss of local distinctiveness
35
In Weber's Least Cost Theory, where would the best location of a paper mill in Portland, Oregon
Close to the other industrial areas in Portland
Near the port in Portland
Near raw materials outside of Portland's metropolitan area
Within the central business district in Portland
36
Which order follows the Concentric Zone Model pattern from inner ring to the outer ring?
CBD, Mixed Use, New Development, suburban CBD
CBD, Working Class, Mixed Use, Commuters
CBD,zone of transition,working class, middle class,commuters
Mixed residential, middle class, CBD, commuters
37
a rectangular pop. pyramid tells you that the population of that country is -
growing slightly, but staying mostly steady
falling rapidly
falling slightly, but mostly staying steady
growing rapidly
38
What do the UN, NATO, EU, ASEAN, and NAFTA have in common?
they are all multinational corporations
they are all supranational organizations
they are all military alliances
they are all non-governmental organizations
39
As textile manufacturers look to reduce costs, why would they be located in LDCs
factory located in areas with cheap transportation routes
factory close to raw materials
factory located near large market areas
factory located in an area with inexpensive labor cost
40
Last 20 yrs, many industries have moved to the southern US. All of these are factors EXCEPT
Lower wage structure
Southern states are 'right to work'
Development of new ports
Government incentives
41
To support a prosperous econ, places need rds, bldgs, power, sewage, water. These are exs of
Demographics
Ecumene
Infrastructure
Density
42
Which statement is the MOST accurate when describing universalizing religions?
They appeal to one specific group of people
They are located in one specific place
They are practiced in many regions of the world
They have been practiced throughout human history
43
Demographic Transition Model uses 3 stats. when analyzing pop. trends: which one is NOT used
death rates
age - sex rations
total population growth
birth rates
44
What happens in Stage 2 of the DTM?
CBR fand CDR change proportionally
CBR drops significantly, as crude death rate lags
total population growth stabilizes
CDR drops significantly, as crude birth rate lags
45
One of the most important foundations a country needs is infrastructure. Which is NOT an ex.
Education systems
Electric power grids
churches and religious institutions
water and sewer systems
46
Which stage of the DTM features a high birth rate, high death rate, and low pop. growth?
Stage I
Stage II
Stage III
Stage IV
47
What language theory explains lang. from Caucasus around Caspian Sea into Iran, India & Europe
Organic Theory
Conquest Theory
Greenberg's Hypothesis
Agriculture Theory
48
Which is NOT a characteristic of popular culture as defined by human geographers?
It includes traits that change often
It is media driven
It is widespread
It is typically found in remote regions
49
The practice of shifting cultivation would most likely be found where?
Afghanistan
Peru
Germany
United States
50
Which theorist believed that pandemics are a good thing because they limit pop. growth?
Esther Boserup
Thomas Malthus
Karl Marx
Von Thunen
51
Form of govt which exists when states have division of varying degrees of local control is
Unitary
Federalism
Authoritarianism
Republic
52
Friction of distance can serve as a centrifugal force. To combat this, a govt. would fund ...
a high speed railway
a educational campaign to address uneven development
new street signs in multiple languages
a non-governmental org to address religious differences
53
Food preferences reveal culture. Hindus don't eat ___, Muslims don't eat ___.
chicken; beef
pork; shrimp
beef; pork
pork; beef
54
According to classic bid-rent curve, what happens to land value as it gets closer to the city?
land gets more affordable along busy streets
land gets used extensively for transportation services
land gets more affordable in the outer rings
land gets more expensive closer to the city
55
Which is an example of hierarchical diffusion?
Buddhist ideology spreading through the Indian subcontinent
Hip-hop spreading from inner cities to suburbs in the US
Influenza spreading throughout South America
The spread of ideas on the world wide web
56
The concept of outsourcing is becoming more important. All of these are characteristics EXCEPT
allows for 24 hour work day
cheaper labor costs
typical examples are customer call centers
typical practice of transnational corporations
57
Forced sterilization, infanticide, and state sponsored contraceptives are all examples of
pro-natalism
strict natalism
anti-natalism
liberal natalism
58
Which of the following explains why as countries develop, fewer work in this economic sector
primary, because technology makes these jobs more efficient
secondary, developed countries send manufacturing overseas
tertiary, the need for services is greater in poor countries
primary, country's resources being used up as it develops
59
Drawing of internal political districts to benefit a political party
Redlining
Gerrymandering
Stacked voting
Blockbusting
60
Based on the theory of distance decay, a resident of London is MOST likely to migrate to ...
Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Johannesburg, South Africa
Paris, France
Shanghai, China
61
all of the following are reasons govts. would make policies to restrict immigration EXCEPT
immigrants may force countries to experience brain drain
they don't want immigrants to take already limited jobs
they fear immigrants will bring new diseases
they perceive immigrants as a threat to culture
62
All of the following statements are criticisms of suburban sprawl in the US EXCEPT:
it is a tax burden from increased infrastructure costs
it contributes to the destruction of prime agricultural land
it creates higher energy costs
it reduces commute times
63
Which is true of Rostow's take-off model of economic growth?
Foreign investment is required for growth in Stage 2
External demand for raw material drives growth in Stage 4
Globalization will slow down growth of developing countries
Countries in Stage 5 experience deindustrialization
64
US immigration policy gives priority to immigrants w/ US family. That promotes
transnational migration
internal migration
chain migration
step migration
65
Which of the following can be used to measure the level of development of a country?
all of the above
Life expectancy
Literacy Rates
Gross National Income