8th Grade Early Europe, Africa, & Asia 1.2

series of wars fought by Christians to control the region known as the Holy Land or Palestine

A time in Europe which was a great burst of learning and technological innovations

sharing a common ancestor

monotheistic religion based on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad

included a lord's castle and the lands around it

Overland trade routes that crossed most of Central Asia linking China and the Middle East

instrument which helped sailors determine their latitudinal location while at sea

domestication of what animal allowed African merchants to travel across the Sahara desert

Chinese invention which made it easier to steer ships

Feudalism is

Renaissance is a French word that means

German printer who invented the printing press and movable type

triangular sail invented in Egypt that allowed ships to travel toward the wind

Portuguese designed a new type of ship which was lighter, had lateen sails and a rudder

Portuguese leader who was responsible for establishing the first school of navigation

Key Muslim inventions included

Groups of people who travel together for safety

The people who practice Islam are known as?

What is the most important effect the Crusades had on Europe?

Kingdom of Mali's most famous ruler who was known 4 handing out gold on his pilgrimage to Mecca

A new type of government that evolved in Europe during the Middle Ages

Powerful East African city-state known for its gold

Word for new methods or practical ideas

Chinese sailor who led 7 voyages to Asia, India, Arabia, & E Africa to help spread inventions

East African city-states were known for what resource

Who won the Crusades?

several generations living in one household is known as

Religion based on the teachings of Jesus Christ

Invention that lead to the spreading of knowledge across Europe helping to end Feudalism

region of grasslands