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WH2-SR/Enl. Flashcards | StudBud
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WH2-SR/Enl.
WH2-SR/Enl.
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1
What type of government did Thomas Hobbes believe was needed?
theocracy
absolute monarchy
oligarchy
democracy
2
What philosophe proposed that there should be a separation of powers to prevent abuses by the monarch?
Baron de Montesquieu
Voltaire
Denis Diderot
Mary Wollstonecroft
3
What scientist is credited with calculus, gravity, and the Three Laws of Motion?
Nicolaus Copernicus
Isaac Newton
Francis Bacon
Johannes Kepler
4
Which absolute monarch refused to marry?
Catherine the Great
Elizabeth I of England
Frederick II of Prussia
Phillip II of Spain
5
Philosophes hoped to use reason during the Enlightenment to help
the king
religion
society
the individual
6
Which was NOT an accomplishment or belief of Jean-Jacques Rousseau?
Said there was a reliance of too much reason in society
Indicated society must submit to the general will
Wrote the book "The Social Contract"
Proposed the idea of a laissez-faire economic system
7
What is the motto of the Enlightenment and Scientific Revolution?
Stand on the shoulders of giants
Never the less, it does move
Learn from your mistakes
Dare to find out!
8
What philosophe promoted religious toleration and wrote satirical works like "Candide"?
Voltaire
Mary Wollstonecroft
Denis Diderot
Baron de Montesquieu
9
"Selfishness", as defined by Smith, is another term for "incentive"
True
False
10
What philosophe challenged the existing order with reason in the "Encyclopedia"?
Voltaire
Mary Wollstonecroft
Denis Diderot
Baron de Montesquieu
11
Scientific Revolution decision making used
myth
superstition
faith
reason
12
The philosophes believed natural laws...
exist in nature
were failures
come from the Greek gods
are never true
13
Which is NOT an accomplishment of Galileo Galilei?
angered Henry VIII for teaching Copernican theory
reaffirmed Copernicus' theory of heliocentrism
used a telescope to study the sky
established different weights fall at the same rate of speed
14
Which absolute monarch ordered the strengthening of the Spanish Armada and demanded loyalty to the Catholic Church?
Louis XIV
Elizabeth I
Catherine the Great
Phillip II
15
The Enlightenment was also known as the Age of...
Reason
Superstition
Religion
Mythology
16
Enlightenment thinkers met in these informal places to discuss and argue ideas.
forums
colloseums
salons
hippodromes
17
A Deist believes that God...
will reward people's prayers
is actively involved in human lives
created natural laws to run the world
is aware of people's suffering
18
Who was the first person to propose heliocentrism?
Francis Bacon
Isaac Newton
Johannes Kepler
Nicolaus Copernicus
19
Adam Smith proposed that the natural law of supply and demand explained what field of inquiry?
government
music
navigation
economics
20
Peter the Great sought to westernize Russia by
Forcing the nobles to cut their beards
All of the above
encouraging Russians to practice Ballet
Outlawing traditional folk costumes
21
Which is NOT a step in Francis Bacon's Scientific Method based on reason?
observe a problem
establish a natural law
experiment or test
attribute the problem to the gods
22
Which absolute monarch was beheaded by his nobles?
Peter the Great of Russia
Frederick the Great of Prussia
Phillip II of Spain
Charles I of England
23
Which is NOT a difference between the social contracts of Thomas Hobbes and John Locke
man has natural rights at birth or not
mankind is born good or evil
democracy or absolute monarchy
right to rebel or not
24
What is the "social contract"?
The exchange of bartered services at the marketplace
the exchange of goods from old world to new world
The exchange of services to the guild master for training
The exchange of natural rights to government for protection
25
Devine Right is the belief that the monarch is God's Lieutenant on earth.
False
True
26
What is the theory of a sun centered universe called?
angiocentrism
geocentrism
heliocentrism
terracentrism
27
Johannes Kepler proved that planets travel around the sun in what shaped orbits?
parabolas
circles
arcs
ovals
28
According to John Locke, which is NOT one of mankind's three natural rights endowed at birth?
liberty
life
property
pursuit of happiness
