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Unit IV: Sensation and Perception Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit IV: Sensation and Perception
Unit IV: Sensation and Perception
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AP Psychology Pietro Paolini-Allegory of the Five Senses
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1
Which of the following concepts best represents the image?
Perceptual set.
Relative height.
Relative motion.
Relative size.
2
What illusion creates the 'movement' of neon lights?
Closure.
Phi phenomenon.
Perceptual constancy.
Stroboscopic effect.
3
In the retina and thalamus, some neurons are turned 'on' by red but turned 'off' by green.
Retinal disparity.
Young-Hemholtz trichromatic theory.
Opponent-process theory.
Frequency theory.
4
Sensory receptors that detect hurtful temperatures, pressure or chemicals.
Nociceptors.
Proprioceptors.
Ganglion cells.
Cones.
5
Hearing loss caused by damage to mechanical system that conducts sound waves to the cochlea.
Conduction hearing loss.
Sensorineural hearing loss.
6
Which of the following concepts best represents the picture?
Relative luminescence.
Relative motion.
Relative height.
Phi phenomenon.
7
Theory that rate of nerve impulses traveling up auditory nerve matches the frequency of a tone.
Place theory.
Vestibular sense.
Frequency theory.
Accommodation.
8
What is an appropriate example of change blindness?
Perceiving familiar objects as having consistent color.
Perceive objects higher in our vision as farther away.
Failure noticing lead actors changed during an intermission.
Failure to hear your name during a presidential debate.
9
John notices a strong perfume order upon arrival to class but it fades after ten minutes.
Habituation.
Fluctuations in intensity effect his difference threshold.
He's been primed by the scent and it no longer effects him.
His cochlea has failed within his inner ear.
10
The minimum difference a person can detect between any two stimuli half the time.
Signal detection theory.
Difference threshold.
Parallel processing.
Transduction.
11
Which of the following is FALSE about memory and pain?
They remember the pain's peak moment
People remember how much pain they felt at the beginning.
They remember how much pain they felt at the end.
People often remember the pain's duration.
12
Received the Nobel Prize for work on feature detectors.
Ernst Weber.
Torsten Wiesel.
David Hubel.
Hermann von Helmholtz.
13
A salty taste indicates:
That the food or drink is an energy source.
That the food or drink is potentially toxic.
That the food or drink provides protein to repair tissues.
That sodium is present for thinking.
14
Hearing loss caused by damage to the cochlea’s receptor cells or to the auditory nerves.
Conduction hearing loss.
Sensorineural hearing loss.
15
Perceiving objects as unchanging (having consistent shapes, size, brightness and color).
Perceptual constancy.
Figure-ground.
Relative height.
Vestibular sense.
16
______ is the transparent structure behind the pupil; changes shape to focus images on retina.
Lens.
Optic nerve.
Iris.
Cornea.
17
Binocular cue; perceiving depth: Comparing images from retinas in two eyes; computes distance.
Priming.
Accommodation.
Place theory.
Retinal disparity.
18
These cells function in the daylight, perceive color and recognize fine detail.
Bipolar cells.
Cones.
Rods.
Feature detectors.
19
Depth cues, such as retinal disparity, that depend on the use of two eyes.
Phi phenomenon.
Perceptual constancy.
Binocular cues.
Monocular cues.
20
Sweetness indicates:
That sodium is present for thinking.
That the food or drink is potentially toxic acid.
That the food or drink provides protein to repair tissues.
That the food or drink is an energy source.
21
Curvature and thickness of the ___ change to bring nearby/distant objects into focus on retina.
Pupil.
Optic nerve.
Iris.
Lens.
22
What is the following Gestalt concept?
Closure.
Proximity.
Figure and ground.
Continuity.
23
Theory that links the pitch we hear with the place where the cochlea’s membrane is stimulated.
Absolute threshold.
Place theory.
Weber's law.
Frequency theory.
24
The cocktail party effect is exacerbated by this similar phenomenon.
Difference threshold.
Multitasking.
Selective attention.
Inattentional blindness.
25
Theory that spinal cord contains neurological 'gate'; blocks or allows pain signals to pass.
Kinesthesia.
Frequency theory.
Gate-control theory.
Place theory.
26
_____ is the dimension of color determined by the ______ of light.
Intensity; wavelength.
Hue; amplitude.
Intensity; amplitude.
Hue; wavelength.
27
What is the correct order of the perception of light passing through the eye?
Lens, retina, cornea, iris, optic nerve, pupil.
Iris, lens, pupil, cornea, retina, optic nerve.
Retina, cornea, pupil, iris, lens, optic nerve.
Cornea, pupil, iris, lens, retina, optic nerve.
28
The activation, often unconsciously, of certain associations; predisposing one's perception.
Difference threshold.
Transduction.
Perceptual constancy.
Priming.
29
What is the difference between monocular and binocular cues for vision?
Binocular cues focus on linear perspective.
Only binocular cues can perceive depth.
Both can perceive depth but binocular cues uses both eyes.
Binocular cues perceive only vivid color.
30
These cells form the optic nerve within the eye.
Rods.
Bipolar cells.
Cones.
Ganglion cells.
31
The minimum stimulation needed to detect a particular stimulus 50 percent of the time.
Perceptual adaptation.
Absolute threshold.
Selective attention.
Place theory.
32
Which of the following concepts does the image represent?
Interposition.
Perceptual adaptation.
Relative height.
Relative luminance.
33
What was the name of the experiment that had babies crawl across a glass table?
McGurk effect.
Ames room.
Asch line test.
Visual cliff experiment.
34
Name of this illusion; line with arrows pointing outwards appears shorter than arrows inward?
Proximity.
McGurk effect.
Ames room.
Muller Lyer illusion.
35
The system for sensing the position and movement of individual body parts.
Vestibular sense.
Kinesthesia.
Sensory interaction.
Bottom-up processing.
36
The ____ contains receptor rods, cones and nerves that begins processing of visual information.
Retina.
Fovea.
Iris.
Cornea.
37
Photoreceptors are located in the _______.
Retina.
Cornea.
Pupil.
Lens.
38
The opponent-process theory of color uses three sets of colors to theorize that:
Opposing retinal processes enable color vision.
The color sets organize stimuli into coherent groups.
The color sets allows us to perceive color from radiation.
Each person possesses different bipolar cells for sight.
39
What area of the brain does the optic nerve carry visual information?
Hypothalamus.
Angular gyrus.
Orbitofrontal cortex.
Thalamus.
40
What is the gate-control theory of pain?
Spinal cord can block pain signals or allow them to pass.
Stimulating cold and warm spots creates sensation of heat.
Our perception of pain is a biopsychosocial phenomenon.
Women are more sensitive to pain than men.
41
The central point in the retina, by which the eye's cones cluster.
Iris.
Cornea.
Lens.
Fovea.
42
The number of complete wavelengths that pass a point in a given time (for example: per second).
Perceptual constancy.
Weber's law.
Accommodation.
Frequency.
43
______ controls the size of the pupil, determining the amount of light that passes through eye.
Iris.
Retina.
Fovea.
Cornea.
44
These cells detect black, white and grey; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision.
Bipolar cells.
Cones.
Feature detectors.
Rods.
45
The Young-Hemholtz Trichromatic theory states these three colors important to see all colors.
Red, blue and white.
Blue, red and green.
Black, red and green.
Red-green, yellow-blue and white-black.
46
The process by which the eye's lens changes to shape to focus near or far objects.
Opponent-processing theory.
Transduction.
Parallel processing.
Accommodation.
47
Which of the following is a categorical property of parallel processing?
Form.
Motion.
Color.
Depth.
48
What are the five basic tastes?
Unami, Sweetness, Sourness, Saltiness, Flavorless.
Sweetness, Saltiness, Sourness, Bitterness, Unami.
Saltiness, Sweetness, Sourness, Unami, Limpness.
Bitterness, Saltiness, Sweetness, Sourness, Crunchiness.
49
Which of the following is an example of inattentional blindness?
Choosing French wine over German because of French music.
Subliminal messages in advertisements.
Hearing your name in a crowded party during conversation.
Failure to see a gorilla cross room because focus elsewhere.
50
What is an example of motion parallax?
When moving, closer objects appear to move faster.
We can judge the shape of an object by how quickly it moves.
Grouping of objects by size, shape or texture.
Lights that blink in quick succession appear to move.
51
What is the Gestalt concept?
Continuity.
Proximity.
Grouping.
Closure.
52
A mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another due to mental categories.
McGurk effect.
Perceptual set.
Weber's law.
Dual processing.
53
The sense of body movement and position including the sense of balance; in the inner ear.
Kinesthesia.
Vestibular sense.
Perceptual set.
Psychophysics.
54
An apple looks brown to Sam in a dark room but he still knows that the apple is red. How?
Color constancy.
Perceptual adaptation.
Size constancy.
Shape constancy.
55
Study of relationship between physical characteristics of stimuli and psychological experience.
Gate-control theory.
Dual processing.
Transduction.
Psychophysics.
56
Which of the following senses is the only one to bypass the thalamus?
Touch.
Taste.
Olfaction.
Sight.
57
Conversion of one form of energy into another; sights/sounds transformed into neural impulses.
Transduction.
Sensory adaptation.
Perception.
Priming.
58
Information processing guided by higher-level mental processes, drawing on experience.
Bottom-up processing.
Inattentional blindness.
Top-down processing.
Weber's law.
59
What happens when we perceive a series of still photos as having motion?
Muller Lyer illusion.
Ames room.
Phi phenomenon.
Stroboscopic effect.
60
Bony, fluid-filled tube in the inner ear; sound waves traveling through trigger nerve impulses.
Eardrum.
Oval window.
Cochlea.
Semicircular canals.
61
What is the correct order of auditory transmission?
Cochlea, basilar membrane, inner ear, outer ear, eardrum.
Inner ear, middle ear, eardrum, basilar membrane, cochlea.
Eardrum, middle ear, cochlea, inner ear, basilar membrane.
Middle ear, eardrum, basilar membrane, cochlea, inner ear.
62
What is the purpose of the eardum, or tympanic membrane?
It relays sound from the air to the bones of the middle ear.
Its movement directly causes the stirrup to vibrate.
It serves as a relay center to the parietal lobe.
It is a vestigial membrane left from early human evolution.
63
Part of the ear containing the cochlea, semicircular canals and vestibular sacs.
Outer ear.
Anvil.
Stirrup.
Inner ear.
64
Nerve cells that enable you to recognize complex patterns and features such as faces.
Rods.
Monocular cues.
Feature detectors.
Binocular cues.
65
Top-down processing; mental predisposition to perceive things according to our expectations.
Perceptual set.
Phi phenomenon.
Priming.
Transduction.
66
To be perceived as different, two stimuli must differ by a constant minimum percentage.
Accommodation.
Weber's law.
Bottom-up processing.
Signal detection theory.
67
Chamber between the eardrum and cochlea containing three tiny bones: hammer, anvil and stirrup.
Semicircular canals.
Middle ear.
Inner ear.
Auditory canal.
68
The amount of energy in light or sound wave; perceived as brightness or loudness. Determined?
Intensity; wavelength.
Wavelength; pitch.
Hue; amplitude.
Intensity; amplitude.
69
Hubel and Wiesel received a Nobel Prize for their work on feature detectors. What do they do?
Theory retina contains three different color receptors.
Nerve cells respond to stimulus; shape, angle and movement.
Interpret the intensity of sound and the hue of color.
Perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into groups.
70
The difference in the images on the retina of each eye when viewing an object is called ______.
Retinal disparity.
Texture gradient.
Priming.
Relative size.
71
This is an example of:
Ponzo illusion.
Ames room.
Muller Lyer illusion.
Phi phenomenon.
72
A sour taste indicates:
That the food or drink provides protein to repair tissues.
That sodium is present for thinking.
That the food or drink is an energy source.
That the food or drink is potentially toxic acid.
73
What is the system of sensing position and movement of individual body parts?
Kinesthesia.
Vestibular sense.
Transduction.
Synesthesia.
