What determined a person's place within the Indian social hierarchy?

the degree to which the occupation was considered polluting

During the classical era in India, all of the following occurred EXCEPT

authorities allowed dissections in name of research

In Ethiopia, trade and contacts

led to the kingdom's conversion to Christianity

In what way was the Roman Republic similar to Greek political concepts?

The constitution relied heavily on aristocracy

By encouraging settlers to move into the Yangtze River Valley, the Zhou rulers

produced population growth, causes problems 4 central rule

A major difference between Buddhism and Hinduism was that

Buddhism denied the need for caste

As the Han empire collapsed

landowners and warlords dominated successor governments

What was the most significant accomplishment of the Qin dynasty?

the unification of China under a Shi bureaucracy

A central message of the Bhagavad Gita is that

one must carry out the duties that come with one's caste

The doctrine sponsored by the Qin dynasty to support its state

broke the power of vassals to enhance power of emperor

Although they varied greatly in wealth and social status in China

commoners & peasants remained the largest group

Chinese belief systems differ from single deity religions and polytheism most in

their secular emphasis and lack of identifiable gods

In India during the period after the Guptan collapse,

Hinduism maintained cultural cohesion when state collapsed

In comparison to the Hindus, Persians, and Chinese, religiously the Greeks

never developed a major religion

Buddhism lost its appeal and influence in Gupta India in part because

Hinduism emphasized its mystical side, Some Buddhists were persecuted by Gupta rulers

The Qin armies were famed for their ferocity and speed because of their

good leadership and free peasants

What was the attitude of Buddhism toward the caste system

Buddhists rejected the caste system, admitted untouchables

What was the major difference between Roman and Greek architectural forms?

Rome engineering allowed buildings of greater size

Roman classic culture

borrowed heavily, especially from Greek states

The major impact of Alexander the Great's conquests was the

Spread of Greek culture through eastern Mediterranean

The fall of the Roman empire

divided the Mediterranean into three cultural zones

At the end of the Classical Age

was a religious upsurge b/c of social/economic/problems

Alexander the Great's invasion of India

led to the rise of the Mauryans

is an extremely developed form of animistic nature worship

During the Han dynasty, scholar officials

instituted a system of civil service examinations

Paul contributed to Christianity in all of the following ways EXCEPT

He emphasized the equality of women with men

Confucian social relationships

established a hierarchy, focused reciprocal social duties

What was the status of the Brahmans under the Guptas?

They recovered dominant status in politics and economics

What was the primary difference between Roman and Greek religion?

The names of the gods and goddesses were changed

Which of the following groups would have supported the Qin Dynasty?

trained bureaucrats from non-aristocratic groups

With regard to merchants, classical civilizations in Rome, Greece and China

were ambivalent toward them despite vital commercial roles

Rome successfully expanded for all of these reasons EXCEPT

had no powerful rivals to oppose expansion

Confucianism and Daoism

were responses to societal problems during times of chaos

Over time in classical India, castes

intensified and began to differ from region to region

Which of the following is true about the Kingdom of Axum?

It traded with Egypt, Rome, Byzantium and India

Greco-Roman philosophers attempted to understand human nature through

rational observation and deduction

Chinese women of the classical age

were legally subordinated 2 father & husband in all classes

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AP World Classical Review

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Questions 60

Answers

1
culture emerged during Mesoamerican Classic period in tropical lowlands in Mexico&Guatemala
Toltecs
Zapotecs
Mayas
Olmecs
2
What determined a person's place within the Indian social hierarchy?
the degree to which the occupation was considered polluting
position within the government
his religious piety
wealth
3
During the classical era in India, all of the following occurred EXCEPT
spherical shrines to Buddha, called stupas, were built
sculpture & painting moved to a more stylized representation
authorities allowed dissections in name of research
Indians developed an interest in spontaneity and imagination
4
In Ethiopia, trade and contacts
led to the kingdom's conversion to Christianity
led to its conquest by Arabs
introduced Hinduism and Buddhism from India
brought the state in contact with Bantu peoples
5
The Greek governments of the period immedietly after 800 B.C.E. largely consisted of
city-states
regional kingdoms
a unified empire under a single ruler
feudal vassals loosely controlled by a single ruler
6
While governments of the Greek city-states varied, they were LEAST likely
aristocracies
theocracies
monarchies
democracies
7
In what way was the Roman Republic similar to Greek political concepts?
The office of tribune was derived from Greeks
The constitution was entirely democratic
Officers held positions commonly for life
The constitution relied heavily on aristocracy
8
By encouraging settlers to move into the Yangtze River Valley, the Zhou rulers
produced population growth, causes problems 4 central rule
programmed future generations to obey centralized state
provoked centuries of conflict with outside invaders
spread diseases like yellow fever, kept population in check
9
What was the chief religion of early Japan prior to the 5th century C.E.?
Christianity
Buddhism
Shinto
Islam
10
The philosophy espoused by Laozi was called
Legalism
Confuciansim
Shintoism
Daoism
11
A major difference between Buddhism and Hinduism was that
Hinduism was monotheistic
Buddhism denied the need for caste
Buddhism denied reincarnation
Hinduism taught respect for all living things
12
As the Han empire collapsed
internal warfare subsided
Nomads swept into China, replacing Han with barbarianDynasty
Christianity was introduced to China
landowners and warlords dominated successor governments
13
What was the most significant accomplishment of the Qin dynasty?
Their ability to last four centuries
reordering of regional states to strengthen feudal system
the strengthening of the aristocracy against the Shi
the unification of China under a Shi bureaucracy
14
A central message of the Bhagavad Gita is that
those who worship Krishna can expect punishment for sin
one must carry out the duties that come with one's caste
reincarnation always happens along caste lines
meditation is the most effective path toward nirvana
15
The doctrine sponsored by the Qin dynasty to support its state
tolerated local lords performing functions for central govt.
encouraged education,new ideas, tolerated criticism of state
broke the power of vassals to enhance power of emperor
used reciprocal relationships and scholar officials
16
Although they varied greatly in wealth and social status in China
aristocrats owned all the land
scholar bureaucrats cooperated to limit influence of ruler
commoners & peasants remained the largest group
women had many legal rights and protections
17
Chinese belief systems differ from single deity religions and polytheism most in
concentrating on the need for the god's saving grace
their secular emphasis and lack of identifiable gods
supporting relative legal and social equality for women
emphasizing correct behavior & performance of rituals &rites
18
In India during the period after the Guptan collapse,
trade and commercial activities collapsed
Buddhism reasserted its influence
Hinduism maintained cultural cohesion when state collapsed
invaders rarely assimilated into Hindu culture
19
In comparison to the Hindus, Persians, and Chinese, religiously the Greeks
developed a system similar to Buddhism
Most resembled Hinduisms polytheistic caste system
Sought universal harmony similar to Daoism
never developed a major religion
20
The cuneiform culture of Mesopotamians was similar to what element of classical India
the culture of the Ganges Valley peoples
Jain Philosophy
Buddhism
The Hindu Social Hierarchy
21
Buddhism lost its appeal and influence in Gupta India in part because
Hindus abandoned the caste system
unpopular Guptas supported Buddhism
Hinduism emphasized its mystical side
Some Buddhists were persecuted by Gupta rulers
22
The Qin armies were famed for their ferocity and speed because of their
location in the less civilized eastern portions of China
lack of bureaucracy
good leadership and free peasants
fine arts and refined ettiquette
23
After his death, Buddha
ascended into heaven from a mountain in Northern India
reappeared reflected in the waters of Ganges river
was largely forgotten
was worshipped as a divinty
24
What was the attitude of Buddhism toward the caste system
Buddhists recognized only wealth in determining position
Buddhists accepted caste system
Buddhists rejected the caste system, admitted untouchables
Buddha only accepted upper caste groups as monks
25
What was the major difference between Roman and Greek architectural forms?
Roman architecture was entirely Italian, no Greek influence
Rome designs were less ornate and more fucntional
Rome preferred buildings of smaller scale
Rome engineering allowed buildings of greater size
26
Buddhism spread primarily as a result of
appeal of ritualistic sacrifice
the caste system
Warfare with Brahman opponents
its monastic community
27
Roman classic culture
influenced heavily the cultures of Africa and Southwest Asia
was highly innovative in arts and sciences
borrowed heavily, especially from Greek states
developed in relative isolation
28
The core or mother civilization for other civilizations in Mesoamerica was the
Olmecs
Mayas
Aztecs
Toltecs
29
What was the name of the war between Sparta and Athens?
Delphic Wars
the Peloponnesian Wars
Olympic Wars
Punic Wars
30
The major impact of Alexander the Great's conquests was the
Spread of Greek culture through eastern Mediterranean
destruction of regional trade an commerce
birth of mystery religions, forced migration of Jews
establishment of a unified government for east Mediterranean
31
All these contributed to the decline and fall of Rome EXCEPT
the spread of Christianity
plagues which decimated populations
nomadic invasions
economic disruptions
32
The fall of the Roman empire
Left Persian empire in control of east Mediterranean
Had little effect on artistic and cultural traditions
divided the Mediterranean into three cultural zones
divided Christianity into Catholic and Protestants
33
At the end of the Classical Age
only Greco-Roman civilization experienced upheavals
the Huns (Hsiung-Nu) destroyed all great Eurasian societies
belief systems failed to survive collapse of civilizations
was a religious upsurge b/c of social/economic/problems
34
Alexander the Great's invasion of India
isolated India from contacts with other regions
led to the spread of Hinduism and Buddhism
led to the rise of the Mauryans
disrupted the existing trade routes between India & Med. Sea
35
Shinto
was pivotal in transmission of Chinese culture to Japan
is a branch of Buddhism
is a warrior's religion and glorifies military
is an extremely developed form of animistic nature worship
36
During the Han dynasty, scholar officials
insisted on harsh law codes to maintain control
instituted a system of civil service examinations
came increasingly from the merchant and peasant classes
lost their governmental offices to aristocrats
37
Paul contributed to Christianity in all of the following ways EXCEPT
He explained beliefs in ways Greco-Romans could understand
He emphasized the equality of women with men
Created Christian theology around message of Jesus
He used Greek, the dominant language of Mediteranean
38
Confucian social relationships
stressed the welfare and interests of the state
taught practitioners to seek inner harmony w natural way
established a hierarchy, focused reciprocal social duties
were based on universal love and forgiveness
39
Which of the following people contributed to the decline of Roman civilization?
Hannibal
Pompey
Gupta
Attila the Hun
40
What was the status of the Brahmans under the Guptas?
The Guptas converted to Buddhism
They recovered dominant status in politics and economics
Their influence was limited to the imperial court
The Brahmins were unable to achieve their former dominance
41
What was the primary difference between Roman and Greek religion?
The names of the gods and goddesses were changed
Greek religion featured monotheism
Roman religion featured monotheism
Greek gods were more likely to get involved in mortal lives
42
Which of the following groups would have supported the Qin Dynasty?
Confucian Scholars
trained bureaucrats from non-aristocratic groups
traditional aristocrats who lost their lands and positions
peasant laborers
43
With regard to merchants, classical civilizations in Rome, Greece and China
were ambivalent toward them despite vital commercial roles
rewarded merchant success through upward social mobility
saw little use for them in a largely agricultural society
Awarded them high social status
44
Rome successfully expanded for all of these reasons EXCEPT
had rich agricultural economy which supported population
had no powerful rivals to oppose expansion
It possessed a disciplined, trained military
Roman leaders made citizens out of conquered elites
45
Confucianism and Daoism
were responses to societal problems during times of chaos
were official doctrines of the Qin and Han Emperors
had little influence upon China until the late 900's CE
emphasized needs of individual over the welfare of the state
46
Over time in classical India, castes
lost their religious significance
died out as Buddhism spread throughout India
intensified and began to differ from region to region
removed restrictions on gender
47
Which groups did Ashoka's policies tend to benefit?
Dravidians
merchants, women and artisans
kashatriyas
brahmans and warriors
48
Which of the following is true about the Kingdom of Axum?
It traded with Egypt, Rome, Byzantium and India
Incorporated Mesopotamia into its empire
It converted to Islam in the 7th Century
Had no contact with outside world
49
Greco-Roman philosophers attempted to understand human nature through
rigid adherence to societal norms
rational observation and deduction
human sin, salvation and redemption
emotion
50
Chinese women of the classical age
were legally subordinated 2 father & husband in all classes
could become scholar gentry if they passed the exams
varied greatly in status, influence and rights
were free to choose the men they wold marry
51
The highest Hindu caste members in India after the Epic Age were
Kshatriya (warriors, rulers)
Brahmin (priestly)
Shudras (workers)
Vaisayas (merchants, herders)
52
What sentence best describes both Roman and Chinese gender relations?
both were patriarchal where middle class women had influence
Over time, women's lives improved and rights increased
Women had numerous political rights in both
Roman women were freer and less oppressed
53
Mediterranean agriculture under the Greeks and Romans
relied on imported grain and exported cash crops
yielded insufficient surpluses to support urban population
favored small farmers rather than landed estates
was extremely efficient, supplying large surpluses
54
The two American centers of civilization included central Mexico and the
Andean river valleys and plateaus of Ecuador/Peru
Yucatan Peninsula
Mississippi Area
Rio Plata and Parana river systems of Argentina
55
The Indian caste system
integrated non-Aryans into ruling castes as a way of control
had little basis in Hindu religious writings
a person could almost never change caste
Closely resembled the Greco-Roman class structure
56
Christianity differed from classical Mediterranean culture in all ways EXCEPT
it offered salvation to the poor and slaves
did not use Roman governmental model for church
it granted equal importance to souls of men and women
provided a common culture to unify all classes
57
Greco-Roman art and culture emphasized all of these EXCEPT
order, symmetry and balance
atheism
human achievement and striving
public utility and usefulness
58
Chinese art during the Han classical period
was most advanced in area of painting
was largely decorative, reflecting precision of caligraphy
concentrated on monumental sculpture
was of poor quality due to concentration on sciences
59
Despite their material success and increased wealth
Merchants in China ranked below peasants, little influence
Chinese rulers did not intervene in government
scholar-gentry were prohibited from owning landd
foreigners were prohibited from settling China
60
Who were the Shi?
the scholar gentry
military commanders
the family of the emporor
peasants

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