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Unit 5 Cognitive Psych Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 5 Cognitive Psych
Unit 5 Cognitive Psych
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1
Which is an example of an implicit memory
Remembering how to tie your shoelace
Describing the taste of a birthday cake
Recalling the name of your JH math teacher
Recognizing a celebrity
2
Availability heuristic theory argues that...
Fear is influenced by believe of risk and impact
More hours spent watching TV = view that crime is high
Fear is influenced by how readily we access crime images
A person's diet can effect how they view crime
3
A test has a high degree of validity if it
measures or predicts what its supposed to measure or predict
produces a normal distribution of scores
assesses aptitude & achievement accurately
yields consistent results every time it is used
4
An example of semantic memory would be... (semantics, semantics)
Michael remembers the names of cities, colors, foods.
Mrs. Miller recalls details of her 1st kiss!
Tim can shoot a basketball with his motor skills.
Katy remembers what she had for lunch.
5
What is a heuristic?
Mental shortcuts/rules that allow people to make judgements
Uncontrollable systematic error in thinking that affect our decision making
A memory store
Something used to identify something based on association with a category
6
What is retroactive interference?
interference where old information blocks new information
When someone forgets events after their accident
interference where new information blocks old information
When someone forgets events before their accident
7
Which of the following was the first scale to measure intelligence?
The IQ test (William Stern)
The Binet-Simon scale (Alfred Binet, 1905)
Fluid intelligence scale
Wechsler Adults Intelligence scale
8
What is a good representation of functional fixidness
a astronauts helmet can not be used as a fish bowl
a rocket is used to go to the moon
a planet can rotate only clockwise
a burrito is good for throwing at you ex-boyfriends car
9
This picture is an example of a ______________, a memory aid.
acoustic memory
primacy effect
iconic memory
mnemonic
10
Chunking increases memory efficiency by
decreasing the number of items that must be remembered
mental imagery
associating each item with a well-established mental image
visualizing
11
Emotional Intelligence
The ability to recognize their own and other peoples emotion
Being artificially, naturally, ingeniously intelligent
The extent to the strength of your emotions
The ability to control your own emotions
12
What is an example of retroactive interference?
You try to remember a new password but only remember the old
You try to remember an old password but only remember the new
You try to remember a new friend but only remember an old one
You try to remember a new address but only remember the old
13
The misinformation effect refers to the
the eerie sense that “I've been in this situation before.”
disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall.
incorporation of misleading information into memory.
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent mood.
14
The function of sensory memory is to...
Hold the immediate perception of what was perceived
Hold sensory impressions long enough for transfer
Put information into long-term memory
Hold information for a lifetime
15
Whorf’s linguistic determinism hypothesis emphasizes that
All languages share a similar grammar.
Words shape the way people think.
Infancy is a critical period for language development.
Our linguistic proficiencies influence our social status.
16
Select the most relevant definition for emotional intelligence.
Knowing when to cry or laugh.
Feeling hungry or thirsty.
Understanding emotions and how they influence behaviours.
Understanding how to make people upset.
17
g factor general intelligence?
Robert Sternberg
Howard Garder
Charles Spearman
Lewis Terman
18
Which best illustrates episodic memory?
Remembering that a clown was at your 5th birthday
Recalling times tables from 2nd grade
Answering correctly about a date for a Civil War battle
Telling someone how to tie a shoe
19
What are the the stages of the memory processes?
encoding, saving, analyzing
retrieving, analyzing, sensing
encoding, storage, retrieval
analyzing, storing, retrieval
20
What are phonemes?
The smallest speech unit in a language that can be distinguished
Memory that stores audio information
is a system of rules that specify how words can be arranged in a sentence
enduring memory associated with a personal signicant
21
Intelligence researchers like Gardner and Sternberg argue that schools focus too much on
nonessential subjects like art and music
traditional and analytical subjects and methods
meeting the needs of students with disabilities
environmental factors that influence intelligence
22
A flashbulb memory is
the processing of information into the memory system
a clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event
Memory of one's personal experiences
the retention of encoded information over time
23
To ensure the results are realiable the experiment should be:
Done without controlled variables
Done once
Repeated
Done exactly as the instructions say
24
Society's general increase in intelligence due to technology is known as _______.
Theories of Intelligence
Down syndrome
Flynn effect
Savant syndrome
25
The Flynn effect is most likely due to improvements in _________________
test taking strategies
education and nutrition
reaction time
electronic media
26
Wolfgang Köhler considered a chimpanzee’s sudden solving of a problem evidence of
modeling
a mental set
instinct
insight
27
What is damaged with Broca's asphasia?
understanding of speech
personality
speech production
hearing
28
What is the magic number of memory?
4 +/- 2
3 +/- 5
7 +/- 2
5 +/- 2
29
Decision making, problem solving, thinking, cognition, intelligence, comprehension.
Parietal Lobe
Frontal Lobe
Cerebellum
Hippocampus
30
How many phonemes does GIRL have?
5
3
2
4
31
What is an echoic memory?
A memory brought up by a feeling
An auditory memory
A visual sensory memory
A repressed memory
32
How many phonemes does TOE have?
6
2
8
4
33
What part of brain does not store memory?
corpus callosum
hypothalamus
hippocampus
amygdala
34
How do we make an experiment more reliable?
Repeat it but change one thing each time
Do it once
repeat the experiment and change nothing!
Repeat it once but change more than one thing
35
Representativeness Heuristic
previous belief
can create or sustain stereotypes
something available
problem solving method
36
Long Term Memory is
relatiely permanent with "limited capacity"
relatively permanent with "unlimited capacity"
absolute permanent with "unlimited capacity"
absolute permanent with "limited capacity"
37
All of the following are ways to improve your memory
EXCEPT
:
chunking
mnemonic device
repression
repetition
38
How many types of intelligence does Gardner propose?
Eight
Two
Three
Five
39
What is declarative memory?
symptom of memory disorders which made-up stories fill any gaps in memory
type of forgetting that occurs when memories fade over time
conscious recollection of particular facts and events (type of LTM)
identification of a thing or person from previous encounters or knowledge
40
The effect that misleading details can effect a persons memory
Source Amnesia
Misinformation effect
Encoding Failure
Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon
41
Which of the following is the best example of framing
Lotion commercial says lotion is 75% all natural
Diet Pills not shown to be effective yet still use
Locked your keys in the car but didn't think to call AAA
Thought you knew the answers yet got a 65% on the test
42
Crystalized intelligence ____with age while fluid intelligence ___ .
increases, begins to decrease after age 30
stays the same, increases
decreases, increases
stays the same, increases steadily with age
43
What is fluid intelligence?
Your ability to solve abstract problems
Knowledge of fluid objects
Your use of accumulated knowledge
Your ever changing knowledge
44
Rebuilding your memory of the past is called ?
memory traces
Schema Theory
Reconstructive memory
short term memory
45
Scotty worked to find the solution to a long-division problem. In solving the problem
divergent thinking
confirmation bias
convergent thinking
framing
46
What is state-dependent memory?
Memories that make you feel a certain way
Tendency to recall experiences that go with your mood
Memories that are the opposite of the mood you're in
Only being able to encode certain memories in a certain mood
47
What is an example of proactive interference?
You drive to the new pizza place's location instead of the old
You drive to the old pizza place's location instead of the new
You remember a new friend's name instead of an old one
You remember a new phone number instead of the new one
48
Semantic memory is
loss of memory for events immediately following a trauma
your memory for meanings and general (impersonal) facts
the power of retaining and recalling past experience
Memory of one's personal experiences
49
A(n) ________ is a strategy that guarantees a solution to a problem.
phoneme
heuristic
algorithm
trial and error
50
What is linguistic determinism?
Sensitive period in childhood language development
Distinguishing between sounds
Theory that language influences thinking
Determining what language is being spoken
51
The spacing effect
studying over time to yield better long term retention.
Effects that happen when in Space
memory that takes place when something familiar comes up.
A time paradox where space effects how time precedes
52
Proactive interference occurs when?
Past learning interferes with current learning
Past learning is forgotten
Current learning interferes with past learning
Memories are inaccessible
53
How do casinos take advantage of the availability heuristic?
Making it easy to win initially and drawing gamblers in
Emphasizing wins with flashing lights and downplaying losses
Always having a lot of cash on hand in case of a big bet
Having Slot Machines readily available
54
Crystalized intelligence involves...
Facts
Reason
Adaptability
Problem solving
55
Which of these are NOT a type of intelligence?
Crystallized intelligence
Ability intelligence
Fluid intelligence
General intelligence
56
What is short-term memory?
stores small amounts of information for short periods of time
relatively permanent storage
recovering information from storage
converting memory to be retained
57
Alfred Binet believed that intelligence was...
cognitive abilities
age-related and focused on mental functions
if you could answer all the questions on the test
how well you did in maths
58
Who was the founder of multiple intelligence?
Binet
Freud
Sternberg
Gardner
59
Which one is NOT a type of Emotional Intelligence?
Emotional Management
Emotional Perception and Expression
Emotional Understanding
Emotional Reception
60
What are Morphemes?
No clue
A component of Speech
The largest component of speech that carries meaning
The smallest component of speech that carries meaning
61
Which of the following is an aptitude test.
S.A.T.
final exam
Test
Quiz
62
Antegrade amnesia is:
Loss of memory during injury
Loss of memory of events before injury
Loss of memory of events after injury
Unable to recall own name
63
Characteristics of savant syndrome MOST directly suggest that intelligence is
culturally constructed concept
diverse set of distinct abilities
accurately measured by general intelligence : G factor
largely unpredictable & unmeasurable
64
A procedural memory is...
A memory of an specific life event
A memory very vivid almost life-like memory
A memory of for colors and numbers
A memory of how to do a specific task
65
If you have retrograde amnesia you cannot remember...
Your implicit memories
Your explicit memories
Your past experiences
Your present experiences
