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Unit 9: Developmental Psychology
Unit 9: Developmental Psychology
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Developmental Psychology. Pearson Ch5 &Ch8
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1
During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n)
embryo and finally develops into a fetus.
embryo and finally develops into a zygote.
fetus and finally develops into an embryo.
zygote and finally develops into a fetus.
2
1 yr old sam is not fearful of strangers but she prefers being held by her mom than anyone else
avoidant attachment
secure attachment
disorganized attachment
resistant attachment
3
Who am I? I just dyed my hair jet black and changed my mind AGAIN about college.
trust v mistrust
industry v inferiority
autonomy v shame
identity v role confusion
4
Tom frowns when son cries but hugs daughter when she cries. Tom's contribution to gender typing
would most likely be highlighted by twin studies.
would most likely be highlighted by social learning theory.
would most likely be highlighted by longitudinal studies.
would most likely be highlighted by evolutionary psychology.
5
The term puberty refers to the period of
sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent.
physical develpment and the onset of reproductive capability
late adolescence when self-identity is formed.
attachment to parents that ends the beginning of adolescence
6
Research on brain development suggests that repeated learning experiences seem to
reduce the number of cells needed to process information.
strengthen neurons/place that processes the experiences.
have no effect on the structure of neural tissue.
increase assimilation and decrease accommodation overall.
7
Newborn infants typically prefer their mother's voice over their father's voice because
their rooting reflex is triggered by higher-pitched sounds
they are familiar with their moms voice before they are born
they rapidly habituate to lower-pitched male voices.
they form a attachment to their mother during breast-feeding
8
Compared to children raised in Westernized cultures, children in Asian cultures
grow up with a strong sense of social connectedness.
grow up with a strong sense of self-consciousness.
grow up with a strong sense of self-esteem.
grow up with a strong sense of gender identity.
9
Harlow's monkey experiments suggests that attachment is based on
Theory of Mind
Feeding/Nourishment
Contact Comfort
Intimacy
10
Autism is a disorder characterized by deficient social interaction and an impaired
capacity for stranger anxiety.
attachment
theory of mind.
sense of object permanence.
11
Jenny's mom behaves more like an equal and allows Jenny make up her own rules.
democratic/authoritative
neglectful/univolved
permissive/laissez-faire
authoritarian
12
Adults of varying age were tested for their memory of a learned list of words, the older adults
demonstrated a decline in recall but not in recognition.
demonstrated no decline in either encoding or recognition.
demonstrated a decline in recognition but not in recall.
demonstrateda decline in both recognition and recall.
13
Eddie doesn't want to be alone so he's willing to do the hard work that a relationship requires
trust v mistrust
ego integrity v despair
generativity v stagnation
intimacy v isolation
14
Joe's dad believes that children should follow instructions and not question the parent.
democratic/authoritative
neglectful/univolved
permissive/laissez-faire
authoritarian
15
The process of taking in new information into our already existing schemas is known as
assessment
assimilation
accommodation
assignment
16
Piaget. Barry thought tomatoes were vegetables which changed his schema. Example of _____.
Accommodation
Assimilation
Analogy
Object Permanence
17
Gender identity refers to
the sense of being male or female.
a persons identification with the parent of the opposite sex
the set of expected behaviors for males and for females.
one's biological sex.
18
When a child believes there's more liquid in a tall glass vs. a small glass, they have not
developed conservation
developed assimilation
developed autonomy
developed habituation
19
Which of the following is the order of the five stages of dealing with grief by Kubler-Ross
anger, denial, bargaining, depression & acceptance
denial, anger, acceptance, bargaining, & depression
denial, anger, bargaining, depression & acceptance
bargaining, anger, depression, acceptance, & denial
20
Current research on cognitive development indicates that
Piaget's theory may apply only to middle-class male children
mental skills develop earlier than Piaget believed.
Piaget overestimated the cognitive competence of children.
mental skills develop later than Piaget believed.
21
Society does not have the right to destroy human life, no matter what the situation is.
pre-conventional
conventional
post-conventional
22
The process by which birds form attachments during a critical period early in life is called
habituation.
imprinting.
accommodation.
assimilation.
23
The term menarche refers to the
development of the primary sex characteristics.
cessation of menstruation.
end of the critical period.
first menstrual period.
24
Prejudice or discrimination on the basis of a person's age.
sexism
racial profiling
thantology
ageism
25
Study of how an individual's physical, social, emotional, moral and intellect occur thru life.
Neuropsychology
Clinical Psychology
Psychobiology
Developmental Psychology
26
When an object placed in an infant's hand, the fingers will close around it.
grasping reflex
rooting reflex
fencing reflex
Moro reflex
27
Piaget's developed the theory of
unconscious mind
cognitive development
mind
gender roles
28
Critics of Kohlberg's theory have suggested that postconventional morality
is more characteristic of African-Americans than Caucasians.
is more characteristic of socialists than capitalists.
is more characteristic of men than women.
is more characteristic of Democrats than Republicans.
29
A baby girl receives a(n)
X chromosome from her father and mother.
Y chromosome from her mother.
Y chromosome from her father and mother.
Y chromosome from her father.
30
Compared with others their own age, children who form a positive self-concept are more likely
to be egocentric.
to be angry.
to be sociable.
to be obedient.
31
Baby Jacob turned his head in the direction that his mother touched his cheek. Example of:
Babinski reflex
rooting reflex
grasping reflex
moro reflex
32
Stage? You leave the party because alcohol is being served to minors which is against the law.
conventional
post-conventional
pre-conventional
33
Who noted that talking to themselves enables children to control their behaviors and emotions?
Konrad Lorenz
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
Harry Harlow
34
According to Piaget, children in the preoperational stage are able to
explain their own thoughts to others.
represent objects with words and images.
reason abstractly and test hypotheses.
think logically about tangible things.
35
The ability to learn a new computer software program is to __ as knowledge of capitals is to __
concrete operations; formal operations
fluid intelligence; crystallized intelligence
formal operations; concrete operations
crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
36
The child says there is the same amount of liquid after pouring it into tall, skinny glass
egocentric
object permanence
conservation
abstract thought
37
A cross-sectional study is one in which
the same people are retested over a period of years.
different age groups are tested at the same time.
the behavior of a group is assessed by different researchers
variables are manipulated carefully between groups.
38
Abstract reasoning involves flexible thinking, creativity, judgment, & logical problem solving
formal operations
concrete operations
sensorimotor
preoparational
39
Relaxed infants show secure attachments more than emotional babies would illustrate the
importance of conservation.
importance of temperament.
importance of basic trust.
importance of egocentrism.
40
Research on the perceptual abilities of newborns indicates that they
have very good visual acuity.
look more at a facelike image than at a bull's-eye pattern.
see nothing for the first 12 hours.
see only differences in brightness.
41
Do human infants have well-defined critical periods for the formation of attachment.
No
Yes
42
He used stories involving moral dilemmas that required a choice to be made.
Kohlberg
Piaget
Erikson
Freud
43
The realization that physical objects continue to exist even when they are removed from view.
depth perception
conservation
object permanence
concrete operations
44
Children tend to organize their worlds into male and female categories. This best illustrates
social identity.
the pruning process.
theory of mind.
gender schemas.
45
Suzie knows she can talk with her parents about issues but ultimately mom & dad will decide.
democratic/authoritative
permissive/laissez-faire
neglectful/uninvolved
authoritarian
46
It has been suggested that our sensitivity to peer influence is genetically predisposed.
This suggestion best illustrates gender-typing.
This suggestion best illustrates gender schema theory.
This suggestion best illustrates an evolutionary perspective
This suggestion best illustrates collectivism.
47
Stage? A helpless infant attains this as a result of parents consistently meeting its needs.
Trust v Mistrust
Initiative v Guilt
Industry v Fear
Autonomy v Shame
48
An early sign of Alzheimer's disease would most likely be
a decrease in fluid intelligence.
the use of profane and abusive language.
difficulty in naming familiar objects or people.
an inability to recognize oneself in a mirror.
49
A substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm an unborn child.
lesion
alzheimer's
teratogen
thantology
50
After 10 days, a fertilized egg attaches to the uterine wall. What stage of development is this
zygote
embryo
fetus
teratogen
51
The immaturity of an infant's nervous system is best demonstrated by its limited
imprinting.
neural networks.
number of brain cells.
neurotransmitters.
52
A powerful survival impulse that leads infants to seek closeness to their caregivers is called
assimilation.
imprinting.
attachment.
habituation.
53
According to Piaget, the ability to think logically about events first develops during the
preconventional
concrete operational stage
sensorimotor stage
preoperational stage
54
Adolescence extends from the beginning
of concrete operations to the end of formal operations.
of 12 to 15 years of age.
of sexual maturity to independent adulthood.
to the end of the growth spurt.
55
Male self-identity is to ________ as female self-identity is to ________.
gender typing; gender schemas
X chromosome; Y chromosome
individuality; roles
independence; interdependence
56
In child language development, "mama", "baba", "dada" is best referred to as
gurgling
speaking
murmuring
babbling
57
Which of the following is not one of the three major concerns of developmental psychology?
stability-change
continuity-stages
nature-nurture
assimilation-accommodation
58
At about 8 months, children will likely react to newcomers with tears. This best illustrates
resistant attachment.
secure attachment
stranger anxiety.
avoidant attachment.
59
In which research method are the same people retested over a period of years?
case study
cross-sectional
longitudinal
experimental
60
Luke loves his job but his main satisfaction is his ability to provide and care for his family
intimacy v isolation
identity v role confusion
integrity v despair
generativity v stagnation
61
The symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome are most likely to include
autism.
assimilation.
visual impairments.
brain abnormalities.
62
Biological growth processes that are relatively uninfluenced by experience.
cognition
attachment
habituation
maturation
63
Categories of knowledge that help us to interpret and understand the world.
crystallized intelligence
egocentrism
accomodation
schema
64
Menopause refers to
the loss of male sexual potency.
the loss of sexual interest in late adulthood.
the beginning of female fertility.
the cessation of menstruation.
65
Gender role refers to
one's biological sex.
a set of expected behaviors for males and females.
a sense of being male or female.
how masculine a boy is or how feminine a girl is.
66
The acquisition of a traditional masculine or feminine role is called
heritability
behavior genetics
gender typing
gender identification
67
Piaget claimed that children understand the world by observing their actions on people/objects.
formal operational
preconventional
sensorimotor
preoperational
68
Darlene smoked during the entire 9 months of pregnancy. Her newborn baby will most likely be
underweight.
hyperactive.
autistic.
egocentric
69
I really need that scholarship so I’m going to cheat on the exam and try not to get caught
post-conventional
pre-conventional
conventional
70
Around age 2, babies start saying "more milk", "mommy here", "daddy go". This is known as:
technicolor speech
techno speak
telegraphic speech
telegram speech
71
Who is likely to be the most popular student in the fifth-grade class?
Rufus, who is just exiting the critical period
Sally, who is the most sexually mature girl in the class
Jeff, who is the statistician for the basketball team
Helmut, who is the tallest boy in the class
72
Theory that we face a conflict which may or may not be successfully resolved within that stage.
Piaget's
Freud's
Kohlberg's
Erikson's
73
The lack of neural connections in the association areas at birth most likely contributes to
newborn reflexes.
stranger anxiety.
insecure attachment.
infantile amnesia.
74
Frank liked the pretty new babysitter so much that he gave her his toy truck. Example of:
assimilation
accommodation
egocentricism
object permanence
75
Decreasing responsiveness to a stimulus to which one is repeatedly exposed.
assimilation
menopause
habituation
accommodation