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NCIDQ Topic 1 Design Concepts and Programming (Chapters 1-6) Definitions Flashcards | StudBud
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NCIDQ Topic 1 Design Concepts and Programming (Chapters 1-6) Definitions
NCIDQ Topic 1 Design Concepts and Programming (Chapters 1-6) Definitions
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1
Involves gathering info about client need & identifying issues of human factors environment & social cultural influences
Theory of Perception
Design Theory
Hierarchical analysis
Programming
2
In an interior space, how can an object be perceived as a point?
By being located on a plane that can only be viewed from one perspective
By being fairly small as a figure in relation to the ground it is placed
By creating a central point which can be used to create balance from
By having a dark tone that contrasts with the background it is located on
3
Process of looking at previously completed designs construction methods material choices to find a solution to a problem
Bench Marking
Precedent Study
Field Survey
Case Study
4
What are the four major considerations of any design problem?
Style, Personalization, Group Interaction, Character
Volume, Color, Texture, Light
Professionalism, Priority, Relationships, Communications
Form, Function, Economy, and Time
5
What are the two primary factors that determine size and configuration of the interior space?
Programming data and required area adjacencies
Furnishing & equipment and environmental controls
Accessibility and Orientation Flow
Circulation systems and shared use of space
6
How should a questionnaire be designed?
As short and unamibuous as possible
With combination of rating scales, true and false, and written response q's
As long and detailed as possible
With multiple questions asking the same thing but in different ways
7
The degree of purity of the hue when compared with a neutral gray of the same value
Tint
Hue
Intensity
Value
8
What is the danger of observation?
It only takes into account how people act on a certain period
Jumping to conclusions w/out understandig why things are done a certain way
People can become offended or angered by being observed
People can act a certain way being observed that isn't true how them normal
9
What is sequential flow?
Segregating flow of people
Creating extra space for dynamic activity
Response to a specific series of events or process
Response to the goal of promoting interaction among people
10
People perceive the color of an object as the same regardless of the lighting conditions in which the object is viewed
Contrast
Color Constancy
Lightness Constancy
Darkness Constancy
11
What is the simplest circulation pattern where spaces are on a straight path that connects two major elements at the end
The radial layout
The ellipse layout
The doughnut configuration
The linear dumbbell layout
12
People perceive objects as having their original shape regardless of change in orientation or point of view.
Size Constancy
Proportion
Shape Constancy
Scale
13
People tend to perceive an object as having the same size regardless of the changes in viewing distance to the object
Size Constancy
Scale
Proportion
Shape Constancy
14
What is a Tetrad color scheme?
Hues that are evenly spaced with four colors around the color wheel
Hues that are evenly spaced with three colors around the color wheel
Hues that are close to each other on the color wheel
Hues that are opposite each other on the color wheel
15
What are subtractive colors?
Colors that are created with pigment
Colors that are created with light
Colors that are perceived in the natural world
Colors that are created on a printer
16
Particular place with definable boundaries and objects when a standing pattern of behavior occurs at a particular time
Proxemics
Self Actualization
Territoriality
Behavior Setting
17
Structural columns located away from the core of the building next to water supply pipes and drains
Plumbing Stack
Wet Wall
Wet Column
Plumbing Chase
18
Every program should include at minimum:
Statement of objectives, list of client requirements, spatial requirements
Scheduling constraints, client contact info, contract
A site survey, budget requirements, expansion requirements
List of relevant codes, energy requirements, accessibility needs
19
How is proportion different from scale?
It only compares two objects at a time in relation to one another
It does not need forms and shapes to be defined
It can utilize all different sizes of objects and still maintain harmony
Its not dependent on a relationship of 1 element to another of known size
20
The measurement of the size, proportions, and range of motion of the human body.
The Golden Ratio
Flexibility
Ergonomics
Anthropometrics
21
Repetition of elements in a single pattern.
Texture
Rhythm
Harmony
Unity
22
What are the three ways that space for a particular use is determined?
Flow of traffic, Energy Conservation, Orientation/Grouping
# of people to be accommodated, size of object, or specific activity needs
Needs defined by codes, task and activity use, accessibility
Building system organization, layout of adjacent spaces, access to daylight
23
The system of the familiar color wheel that organizes colors by pigments into three primary colors of red, blue, yellow
The Palmeiro Color System
The Munsell Color System
The Grimendo Color System
The Brewster Color System
24
What is a network workflow?
No strictly organized method of work
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
The work is controlled from one central position
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
25
What is a tint?
When gray is added to a hue, its value is muted
When black is added to a hue, its value is lowered
When white is added to a hue, its value is raised
When two complimentary colors are combined, its value is muddied
26
What is a centralized workflow?
The work is controlled from one central position
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
No strictly organized method of work
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
27
A person perceives an object or space essentially the same regardless of the exact image on the retina of the eye
Gestalt Theory
Behavioral Settings
Color Relativity
Perceptual Constancy
28
Which plan would be best to organize space based on proximity and are usually similar in function size or shape
Clustered Arrangement
Open Plan Arrangement
Axial plan arrangement
Centralized Plan Arrangement
29
The interaction between humans and their environment to approach rational design based on scientific research
Evidence Based Design
Functional Needs
Historic Precedent
Environmental Theory
30
Design that reflects the local geographic area
Cultural Diversity
Regionalism
Environmental Design
Historical Perception
31
A performance requirement related to methods of solving a problem or satisfying a need.
Design Concept
Service Grouping
Programmatic Concept
Activity Grouping
32
Emphasis on providing simples rational solutions to design problems without extraneous decoration
Interposition
Functionalism
Simplicity in Gestalt Theory
Perceptual Constancy
33
In most cases what needs to be done before an interview can begin?
Case studies are passed around to learn how relevant spaces function
A communal questionnaire will be given out to define a basis of research
Initial presentation is given that provides everyone w/ the proj background
A disclaimer will be given letting people know that they will be observed
34
What is a tone?
When white is added to a hue
When gray is added to a hue
When all the colors are mixed together
When black is added to a hue
35
What is mixed flow?
Creating extra space for dynamic activity
Response to the goal of promoting interaction among people
Response to a specific series of events or process
Segregating flow of people
36
The transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves from one surface to a colder surface
Radiation
Conduction
Convection
Evaporation
37
What is the range of proxemics for Social Distance?
4ft to 12ft
20ft plus
18 inches to 4ft
12ft to 20ft
38
What is the range of proxemics for public distance?
15ft plus
30ft plus
20ft plus
12ft plus
39
A study of the relationship between human psychology and the physical environment
Anthropometrics
Flexibility
The Golden Ratio
Ergonomics
40
Divides the height of a man at the waist, at the top of the head, and to an extended hand over head seen as perfection
Fibonacci series
The Golden Section
Modular System
The Golden Ratio
41
The circulation layout oriented on one major space with paths extending from the central area.
The radial layout
The linear dumbbell layout
The ellipse layout
The doughnut configuration
42
Basing design decisions on credible research that links one or more environmental elements with a desired outcome
Perceptual Constancy
Theories of Perception
Evidence Based Design
Gestalt Theory
43
Involves the correctness of fit between object and spaces and the needs of people using those objects and spaces
Environmental Controls
Human Factors
Programming
Spatial Orientation
44
Tolerable temperature range
60-85 degrees
69-80 degrees
73-90 degrees
80-98.7 degrees
45
Research process that compares project data against sets from other similar projects
Case Study
Precedent Study
Field Survey
Bench Marking
46
What are the three basic types of adjacency needs?
Orientation, size, accessibility
Function, proximity, end-user
People, products, information
Public, semi-private, and private spaces
47
What is the range of proxemics for intimate distance
No distance/Touching
6ft to 8ft
6 inches to 18 inches
2 ft to 4ft
48
A distant object may appear to be overlapped and party hidden by closer objects
Gestalt
Linear Perspective
Atmospheric Perspective
Interposition
49
What is an Analogous color scheme?
Hues that are evenly spaced with three colors around the color wheel
Hues that are opposite each other on the color wheel
Hues that are close to each other on the color wheel
Hues that are evenly spaced with four colors around the color wheel
50
What is a design concept?
Performance requirement related to methods of solving a problem
A response to the desired image the client was to project
Specific physical response that attempts to achieve a programmatic concept
Balancing the desires of the client against the available budget
51
Commercial property where the development, expansions, or reuse may be complicated by presence of hazardous substances
ID+C Property
Gray Water Pools
Albedo Land
Brownfield Site
52
A circulation pattern that makes a continuous loop
The linear dumbbell layout
The doughnut configuration
The radial layout
The ellipse layout
53
Which is NOT a form of Evidence Based Design Research
Observations of Existing Facilities
Client Preference
Literature Searches
Questionnaires with Users and Facility Managers
54
The density of texture seems to increase as distance from the viewer increases
Convergence
Texture Perspective
Texture Repetition
Appearance
55
What is a shade?
When white is added to a hue, its value is raised
When black is added to a hue, its value is lowered
When gray is added to a hue, its value is muted
When two complimentary colors are combined, its value is muddied
56
Gestalt Theory- The way people distinguish a form from its surroundings
Constancy
Contrast
Depth Perception
Figure-ground
57
Humans perceive separate units in the visual field as a group, based on proximity, similarity, direction, and context
Grouping
Principles of Design
Elements of Design
Design Theory
58
The system that uses three scales and three dimensions to specify the values of a hue, value, and chroma using a code
The Munsell Color System
The Grimendo Color System
The Palmeiro Color System
The Brewster Color System
59
The degree of lightness or darkness of color in relation to white and black
Value
Tone
Contrast
Hue
60
Sequence of numbers beginning with 0 and 1. Each is a successive number in the series is the sum of the previous two.
The Golden Ratio
Fibonacci series
The Golden Section
Modular System
61
Gestalt Theory: People prefer the simplest, organization of forms in the visual field rather than individual parts
EBD
Clarity
Functionalism
Simplicity
62
The same color appears to change depending on the background color it is seen against.
Color Constancy
Closure
Lightness Constancy
Simultaneous Contrast
63
Value to determine radiation from avg. surface temps in room, angle of exposure to occupant to the surfaces & sunlight
Effective Temperature
Relative Temperature
Absolute Temperature
Mean Radiant Temperature
64
What is a departmental workflow?
The work is controlled from one central position
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
No strictly organized method of work
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
65
When hierarchy through spaces is not wanted and function requires a free flow of people which plan would be best?
Axial Plan Arrangement
Open Plan Arrangement
Centralized plan arrangement
Linear Plan Arrangement
66
How are case studies and precedent studies different?
CS review existing conditions where as PS are only hypothetical
CS examines the entire facility and how parts relate PS induvial pieces
PS is used to solve problems CS is for finding inspiration
PS has to monitor multiple studies to find solution CS only needs one
67
An element of Gestalt sometimes called Form Constancy is the tendency to perceive incomplete forms as complete
Simplicity
Grouping
Closure
Continuity
68
What is a linear workflow?
No strictly organized method of work
Hierarchical w/ 1 group controlling work divided into separate departments
The work is controlled from one central position
The work that proceeds from one location to another in a strict sequence
69
How can Historical Precedent be most valuable to design theory?
By suggesting how past designs solved problems.
By reminding us of previous cultures and regions to base designs on.
By inspiring design from previous time periods and styles
By basing design decisions off of credible research
70
People perceive lightness or darkness of an object as the same regardless of the illumination of the space
Darkness Constancy
Perception
Lightness Constancy
Color Constancy
71
What is the comfortable relative humidity range
40%-60%
20%-70%
15%-45%
30%-65%
72
How are design concepts different from programmatic concepts?
Programmatic concepts are only hypothetical and describe how to design
No attempt at physical solutions are made during design concepts
No attempt at physical solutions are made during programmatic concepts
Design concepts are only hypothetical and describe how to design
73
Analysis of an existing space, similar to a proposed project to learn how it functions and meets the needs of its users
Bench Marking
Field Survey
Case Study
Precedent Study
74
Why is it hard to use Environmental Design solely to make design decisions?
Environment is a construct that is only experienced once design is complete
For the research to be valid only one variable can be studied at a time
Its based on opinion which is inherently relative.
The definition of environment on its own is too large
75
A gestalt theory tendency to see a line or shape as continuing in a particular direction rather than making a sharp turn
Completion
Linear Cognitivity
Interposition
Continuity
76
General comfortable temperature range
73-90 degrees
80-98.7 degrees
69-80 degrees
60-85 degrees
77
What should a questionnaire be accompanied with?
A means of contacting the distributer
An observation period and field survey headed by the client
A small group interview to understand physical implications of responses
A cover letter from management explaining why the form is being distributed
78
What is observation best used for?
To monitor spatial requirements of an activity
Determine the quality of existing elements in a space & if they can reuse
Verify info gathered by interviews/questionnaires or to generate questions
To understand adjacencies in a physical environment
79
The transfer of heat through the movement of fluid, either gas or liquid
Radiation
Evaporation
Convection
Conduction
80
A line divided into 2 unequal parts the ratio of the smaller part is 2 the larger part as the larger part is 2 the whole
The Golden Section
The Golden Ratio
Fibonacci series
Golden Body
81
What are additive colors?
Colors that are created with pigment
Colors that are created with light
Colors that are created on a printer
Colors that are perceived in the natural world
82
Which color has the longest wave length?
Red
Violet
Blue
Yellow
83
The difference in what each eye sees
Color Constancy
Iris Position
Binocular Disparity
Retinophathy
84
Process when info about a problem is collected analyzed & stated for basis of design. Defines a problem before solution
Programming
Precedent Studies
Design Theory
Elements of Design
85
The transfer of heat energy through direct contact between two objects of different temperatures.
Evaporation
Convection
Conduction
Radiation
86
Which plan would be best to organize many different types of spaces while maintaining an overall regularity and pattern?
Grid Plan Arrangement
Clustered Arrangement
Axial plan arrangement
Open Plan Arrangement
87
A value that describes the combination of air temperature, humidity, and air movement
Relative Temperature
Effective Temperature
Mean Radiant Temperature
Absolute Temperature
88
Which plan would best align spaces on a significant feature with there usually being something important on each end
Clustered Arrangement
Centralized plan arrangement
Grid Plan Arrangement
Axial Plan Arrangement
89
Which plan would be best for dominate space with symbolic/functional importance with secondary spaces grouped around it
Clustered Arrangement
Grid Plan Arrangement
Open Plan Arrangement
Centralized plan arrangement
90
What is a Triad color scheme?
Hues that are evenly spaced with three colors around the color wheel
Hues that are opposite each other on the color wheel
Hues that are close to each other on the color wheel
Hues that are evenly spaced with four colors around the color wheel
91
What are the three primary colors of light?
Orange, Green, Purple
Red, Yellow, Blue
Magenta, Cyan, Yellow
Red, Blue, Green
92
What is the range of proxemics for personal distance?
6ft to 8ft
15 plus feet
18 inches to 4 ft
8ft to 12ft
93
A way to direct design based on a system of beliefs
Principles of Design
Design Theory
Elements of Design
Programming
94
Humans innately perceive by adding structure so individual elements make a whole & become part of a larger environment
Binocular Disparity
Perceptual Constancy
Gestalt Psychology
Proxemics
95
When more than one linear organization extends from a central point it becomes a...
Radial Organization
Axial Organization
Rounded Circulation Pattern
Centralized Circulation Pattern
96
What is the first way to determine space?
Divide the longest length between two exits in a building by half
Multiply the area one person needs by the number of people in the area
By reviewing case studies and observing similar spaces and their needs
By occupancy codes determined by the fire marshall
97
Which plan would be an efficient way to connect many groups of closed spaces w/ circulation corridor for exit access?
Centralized plan arrangement
Linear Plan Arrangement
Axial Plan Arrangement
Clustered Arrangement
98
What should the programming process format include?
Codes and Regulations that are a requirement in the local county
A discussion on anthropometrics and how they relate to the client
Written document that records the information gathered from an analysis
Bubble diagram documenting hierarchical adjacencies
99
What is used to record adjacencies indicating varying levels of connections such as mandatory desired or not important.
Spatial Diagram
Bubble Diagram
Block Diagram
Concept Diagram
100
The term for the golden ratio translated into a rectangle
Golden Body
The Golden Section
Fundamentality
Fibonacci series
