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Unit 4: Earth Systems & Resources Flashcards | StudBud
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Unit 4: Earth Systems & Resources
Unit 4: Earth Systems & Resources
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1
Climate is defined as which of the following?
local weather patterns
altitude, including dramatic shifts in altitude that affect pressure
average temperature and precipitation over a long period of time
latitude, particularly those locations around the equator
2
The hypothesis that continents have moved slowly to their current locations is called ______________.
convection
magnetic reversal
continental drift
continental slope
3
Which of the following changes in the eastern Pacific Ocean food webs is typically associated with La Nina?
decreased populations of squid
increased phytoplankton concentrations
decreased populations of anchovies
increased famine among sea lions and seals
4
The primary cause of Earth's seasons is the
changing relative positions of Earth, its moon, and the sun
changing distance of Earth from the Sun
constant tilt of Earth's rotational axis
periodic wobbling of Earth on its axis of rotation
5
At which of the following sites would activity result in volcanoes, island arcs, and mountains?
D
A
C
B
6
MATCHING: movement of soil components from one place to another, usually by wind, water, or both.
tectonic plates
soil
soil erosion
weathering
7
The most abundant gas in Earth's atmosphere is
carbon dioxide
oxygen
nitrogen
water vapor
8
At which of the following sites is an earthquake most likely to occur as two plates slide sideways past each other?
C
B
A
D
9
Soil formation begins with the weathering of
bedrock
the A horizon
leaf litter
humus
10
Which of the following is NOT responsible for desertification?
climate change
drought
deforestation
water conservation
11
MATCHING: solid outer zone of the earth. it consists of oceanic crust and continental crust
core
crust
mantle
tectonic plates
12
Soil is a valuable resource because it
is important to all living things
contains sand and gravel
has all three soil horizons
is rich in decomposers
13
MATCHING: complex mixture of inorganic materials, decaying organic matter, water, air, and living organisms
soil
geology
crust
mantle
14
El Nino, a periodic warming of ocean surfaces occurs in which of the following?
Gulf of Mexico
Temperate West Atlantic
Tropical Indian Ocean
Tropical East Pacific
15
Which of the following are variables controlling soil development?
all choices are correct
parent material
topography
climate
16
Which of the following does NOT influence weather?
soil composition
air pressure
humidity
temperature
17
Which of the following does NOT occur during La Nina?
warm surface water moves east along the equator
the US experiences drier weather while Australia experiences wetter weather
upwelling in the Eastern Pacific intensifies and fisheries boom
trade winds strengthen and push warm water further west in the Pacific
18
Which of the following best describes what occurs at a cold front?
warm and cold air meet, neither mass has the force to move the other
cold air mass replaces warm air mass leading to colder and drier air
warm air mass gets caught between two cold air masses; warm air mass rises
warm air mass replaces cold air mass, air gets warmer and more humid
19
The MOST common cause of a tsunami is
wind
severe storms, such as hurricans
sudden displacement of water due to seafloor earthquakes
rifting of the seafloor
20
Which of the following properties of soil most influences the rate at which water flows through the soil?
permeability
color
fertility
pH
21
Subduction zones can occur at which of the following plate boundaries?
strike-slip fault
transform
convergent
divergent
22
MATCHING: Inner zone of the earth; consists of both solid and liquid components.
crust
tectonic plates
mantle
core
23
Which of the following correctly characterizes one of Earth's atmospheric layers?
Layer C the stratosphere, is where the ozone layer is found.
Layer D the thermosphere, is where auroras are found.
Layer B the troposphere, is where weather occurs.
Layer A the stratosphere, is where meteors are found.
24
Which soil horizon is closest to the surface?
B horizon
R horizon
A horizon
O horizon
25
MATCHING: zone of earth's interior between its core and its crust.
core
mantle
tectonic plates
crust
26
MATCHING: Study of earth's dynamic history; study of rocks and processes that shape earth's interior and surface
weathering
soil
geology
core
27
The crust and upper mantle make up Earth's __________.
continents
core
lithosphere
asthenosphere
28
MATCHING: Various-sized areas of the earth's lithosphere that move slowly around with the mantle's flowing asthenosphere
mantle
tectonic plates
soil
geology
29
Rocks formed from the cooling and hardening of hot liquid magma are called _______ rocks.
metamorphic
igneous
sedimentary
geology
30
MATCHING: physical and chemical processes in which solid rocks are altered and broken down.
geology
soil
weathering
soil erosion
