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chapter 4
chapter 4
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1
Which of the following are the main points of the cell theory?(PICK ALL THAT APPLY)
Cells are the smallest living things.
All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
All living organisms are composed of at least 2 cells.
Cells arise only by division of a previously existing cell.
2
surface area to volume relationship, a basketball has a ___surface area to volume ratio compared to a tennis ball.
smaller
squared
cubed
less
3
How many subunits make up a ribosome?
3
1
2
4
4
Which of the following is found in all cells?
Genetic material
Cytoplasm
Plasma membrane
Mitochondria
5
Which structure is involved in eukaryotic cell division?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Peroxisomes
Centrosome
Keratin filaments
6
what is the name of the green stucture in the picture?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Lumen
Golgi apparatus
7
What property do flagella provide to bacterial cells?
Structure
A barrier between the cell and the environment
Nutrients
Motility
8
The lysosome contains ________ enzymes.
melancholic
anabolic
hydrolytic
photosynthetic
9
The nuclear envelope is composed of which of the following?
A single layer of phospholipids
Two bilayers of phospholipids
A bilayer of phospholipids
10
Which of the following is a cell type that can be seen without the aid of a microscope?
Plant cells
Vertebrate eggs
Prokaryote
Animal cells
11
Which of the following are functions of lysosomes?(pick 3)
Synthesis of macromolecules in the cell
Recycling of building blocks to make new molecules
Digestion of substances taken in by endocytosis
Breaking down macromolecules in the cell
12
Which of the following accurately describes the major function of the nucleus?
It is the main site of ATP synthesis
It houses most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell
It is the main site of protein synthesis
13
What term describes a relationship, in which a smaller cell lives inside a larger cell?
Endosymbiosis
Photosynthesis
Parasitism
Phagocytosis
14
t or f Indicate if the following statements about prokaryotes:They have a cell wall?
false
true
15
Which of the following are responsible for cellular movements such as contraction and crawling?
Intermediate filaments
Actin filaments
Microtubules
16
are long, threadlike structures, which are used to provide motility to bacterial cells.
Pili
mitochondria
cell walls
flagella
17
Which of the following cytoskeletal elements are made up of α-and β-tubulin subunits?
Microtubules
Actin filaments
Intermediate filaments
18
Ribosomes are necessary to manufacture which of the following molecules?
Proteins
Cholesterol
Carbohydrates
Lipids
19
Which of the following is the the most important factor that limits the size of cells?
Amount of DNA to code for all the cell's proteins
Rate of protein synthesis in the cell
Diffusion of substances in and out of the cell
Amount of mitochondria needed to satisfy the cell's energy needs
20
Actin fibers are involved with which type of movement?
Cilia movement
Cellular crawling
Flagellar movement
21
Which of the following is not a function of the bacterial cell wall?
Motility
Maintain cell shape
Prevent excessive uptake of water
Prevent loss of water
22
t or f Indicate if the following statements about prokaryotes:They contain internal organelles?
false
true
23
what is the name of the blue tube like stucture in this picture?
actin filament
integrin
collagen
fibronectin
24
chloroplasts capture light energy and synthesize which of the following organic molecules?
Glucose
Nucleic acids
Amino acids
Fatty acids
25
T or F Lysosomes function in the destruction and recycling of old organelles.
false
true
26
The purpose of a compound light microscope can best be described as which of the following?
To allow the visualization of atoms and molecules
To allow the visualization of enzymes during biochemical processes
To allow the visualization of cells and cellular components
27
DNA is the molecule than store genetic information in which of the following?
Prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Multicellular organisms only
Prokaryotes only
Eukaryotes only
28
What two categories that prokaryotes can be divided into from an evolutionary perspective.
Eukarya
Bacteria
Protists
Archaea
29
Which of the following organelles are part of the endomembrane system?
Golgi apparatus
Chloroplasts
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleus
30
t or f indicate if the following statements about prokaryotes: They contain a plasma membrane?
false
true
31
What are the functions of the central vacuole in plants?( pick 2)
Synthesis of proteins
Synthesis of lipids
Storage of pigments
Waste storage
32
The volume of a cell increases proportionally to the radius?
smaller
less
squared
cubed
33
What structure functions in polypeptide synthesis?
Ribosome
Cytoplasm
Glycocalyx
34
___found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and are the sites of polypeptide synthesis.
mitochondria
cell walls
nucleus
ribosomes
35
what functions in water balance and storage of useful molecules and waste products
lysosomes
mitochondria
nuclei.
vacuoles.
36
what is the name of the front face side of the golgi apparatus
secretory
cis face
trans face
transport
37
are the instruments used to magnify and visualize cells and cellular components.
binoculars
magnifying glass
microscopes
telescope
38
the genetic information that enables the synthesis of nearly all proteins in a living eukaryotic cell is(structures)
Ribosome
Nucleus
Mitochondrion
Endoplasmic reticulum
39
Vesicles are found in which of the following types of cells?
Animal
Prokaryotes
Plant
Bacteria
40
what is the name of the red strings attached to the blue tube called?
collagen
actin filament
fibronectin
integrin
41
Which of the following is the largest organelle present in eukaryotic cells?
Mitochondria
Nucleus
Lysosomes
Golgi apparatus
42
the presence of which would definitively identify a cell as prokaryotic?
Flagella
Pili
Nucleus
Ribosomes
43
what is the name of the back face side of the golgi apparatus
cis face
trans face
transport
secretory
44
Chloroplasts are the organelles that contain chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis.
false
true
45
Identify the functions of cell vacuoles.
Water balance
Synthesis
Storage
Segregation of waste
46
Which of the following bacterial structures is rigid and found outside the plasma membrane?
Capsule
Ribosome
Nucleoid
Cell wall
47
Cells that carry out extensive lipid synthesis have more rough ER compared to smooth ER.
false
true
48
Which of the following cells are macroscopic?
Viruses
Vertebrate eggs
Prokaryotes
49
T or F Indicate if the following statements about prokaryotes:They have ribosomes?
true
false
50
the cell's primary function is to support cell shape and anchor organelles to fixed locations?
Microbodies
Endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Cytoskeleton
51
Which of the following is the theory that is the unifying foundation of cell biology?
Surface area:volume theory
Cell theory
Organism theory
Hereditary theory
52
Based on cell structure, all life forms can be placed into two categories called
Prokaryotes
Archaryotes
Macromolecules
Eukaryotes
53
Which of the following is not a function of the bacterial cell wall?
Maintain cell shape
Prevent excessive uptake of water
Prevent loss of water
Motility
54
Which of the following structures of the endomembrane system is not matched properly?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum: Ca2+ storage
Lysosomes: degradation of organic molecules
Smooth endoplasmic reticulum: lipid synthesis
Nuclear envelope: allows access to and from the nucleus
55
what is the name of the yellow vesicle on the bottom of the picture?
secretory
cis face
transport
trans face
56
the name of the blue rope stucture that the U shaped stucture attached to in this picture?
actin filament
collagen
fibronectin
integrin
57
The surface area of a cell increases proportionally to the radius?
cubed
squared
smaller
less
58
Small sacs that store and transport a variety of materials are called
vesicles
golgi apparatus
vacuoles
lysosomes
59
Most cells are relatively small for reasons related to the of substances into and out of cells.
meiosis
Cellular Respiration
mitosis
diffusion
60
what is the name of the yellow stucture in the picture?
Golgi apparatus
Lumen
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
61
As a cell increases in size the surface area increases___than the volume?
squared
smaller
cubed
less
62
A ribosome consists of a large and small subunit, and each contains RNA molecules made In?
Rough ER
Smooth ER
Nucleolus
Cytosol
63
Keratin, found in human hair and nails, is composed of which type of cytoskeletal element?
Actin filaments
Microtubules
Intermediate filaments
Microfilaments
64
What are manufactured int he nucleus of a eukaryotic cell and enter the cytoplasm by way of the nuclear pores.
RNA
RNA-protein complexes
RNA and DNA
DNA
65
Lysosomes are membrane-bound vesicles that arise from the
nucleus
Golgi apparatus
mitochondria
endoplasmic reticulum
66
what is the name of the spaces between the blue stucturein the picture?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
Lumen
Golgi apparatus
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
67
Vacuoles function in plant cells in which of the following capacities?
They segregate toxic materials.
They store items
They deal with tonicity.
They participate in ATP synthesis
68
what is the name of the U shaped stucture in this picture?
actin filament
collagen
integrin
fibronectin
69
Which of these is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells?
Having genetic material
The plasma membrane
Containing ribosomes
Compartmentalization
70
The central vacuole in plants is primarily involved in which of the following processes?
Degradation of macromolecules
Synthesis of lipids
Breakdown of hydrogen peroxide
Storage of water, ions, and pigments
71
What do prokaryotes lack?
Nucleus
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Cell wall
72
what is the name of the blue stucture in the picture?
Rough endoplasmic reticulum
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
Lumen
73
What is the main reason Eukaryotic cells are much more complex than prokaryotic cells
Because eukaryotic cells have proteins that interact with DNA.
Because eukaryotic cells have larger ribosomes.
Because metabolic processes in eukaryotic cells are compartmentalized.
74
what is the name of the blue vesicle on the center of the picture?
secretory
cis face
transport
trans face
75
The enzymes found in the lysosomes were formed in the endoplasmic reticulum.
true
false
76
contains chlorophyll and perform photosynthesis are called which of the following?
Leucoplasts
Chloroplasts
Chromoplasts
77
What are the two types of life forms
Prokaryotes
Macromolecules
Archaryotes
Eukaryotes
