Unit 5 - Cognitive Psychology

Theory that there is one general intelligence factor (g) underlies other

Learning something a second time or at a later time

Charles Spearman had a theory of multiple intelligences consisting of eight separate kinds of intelligence

Our spoken, written, or signed words and the ways we combine them to communicate meaning

The system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others

Mastering certain aspects of language before the language learning period closes

Retrieving information not in your conscious awareness but was learned at another time

The best retrieval cues are from associations we form at the of encoding a memory

An intelligence test is a method for assessing an individual’s mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others

People with low levels of intelligence were found to be healthy, well-adjusted, and unusually successful academically

The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

The smallest unit that carries meaning: may be a word or part of a word

Intelligence evolved as a form of intelligence that helps people solve new problems

Narrows the available problem solutions to determine a single best solution

Sternberg created the 5 Components of Creativity

Gave 56 different tests to people and mathematically identified seven clusters of primary mental abilities

Encoding that requires attention and conscious effort

Unconscious encoding of incidental information, such as space, time and frequency, and of well-learned information

Retrieval cues are pieces of information we use to retrieve information

A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem

 Putting yourself back in the context where you earlier experiences something

The window on language learning closes gradually in early adulthood

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

 Identifying items previously learned

Expands the number of possible problem solutions

What we learn in one state may be easily recalled when we are again in that state

Learning that persists over time; information that has been acquired, stored and can be retrieved

Tendency to recall best the last and first items in a list

 The mental abilities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating

Sets of statements that provide a formula for drawing valid conclusions about the world- if, then statements

The smallest distinctive sound units in a language

Theory of multiple intelligences consisting of eight separate kinds of intelligence

Activation often unconscious of particular associations in memory

Logical arguments containing two or more premises and a conclusion

Triarchic theory of multiple intelligences consisting of 3 mental abilities