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Geo 112 (Study 2) Flashcards | StudBud
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Geo 112 (Study 2)
Geo 112 (Study 2)
50 terms
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NJC Exam Study
Flashcards
50 cards
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Practice quiz
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Questions
50
Answers
1
Isotopes are forms of an element that have a different number of
neutrons
.
False
True
2
Limiting factors include ______.
Physical, Chemical, Competition (Food/Territory), Predation
Physical, Chemical, Competition (Food/Territory), Environmental, Mr. Koles
Physical, Chemical, Environmental, Competition (Food/Territory)
Physical, Chemical, Environmental, Predation
3
What is a community?
Group of species living together in a habitat
species that require the same environmental factors
Species that come from the same offspring
Communism
4
What is physical weathering?
Hardening rock
Softening rock
Creating new rock
Breaking up rock
5
A tabular body of igneous rock that intruded parallel to layers of sedimentary rock is a _______.
all answers are correct
sill
dike
batholith
6
A mountain produced by lava cooling on Earth's surface is a ______ .
monadnock
inselberg
horst
volcano
7
The relative order of events in the geologic time scale was determined by applying knowledge of _____.
fossils
all answers are correct
superposition
continuity
8
Regional metamorphism ________.
produces many foliated rocks, such as phyllite and schist
is associated with mountain building
covers large areas
All answers are correct
9
Examples of sedimentary structures that may be seen in sedimentary rocks include ________ .
All answers are correct
mud cracks
ripples
cross-bedding
10
_________ organisms, such as fish, live in the ocean's water.
Benthonic
Pelagic
Abyssal
Substratic
11
Temperate forests, dominated by maples, oaks, and beeches (plus flowering plants), are located in
savannahs and grasslands
temperate climates at mid-latitudes
tropical climates
Mediterranean climates
12
WHAT IS THE COMPOSITION OF THE ATMOSPHERE!?
N2 49% , O2 50% , Ar 1%
N2 78% , O2 21% , Ar 1%
N2 70% , O2 29% , Ar 1%
N2 78% , O2 20% , Ar 2%
13
Alluvial Fans
are fan-shaped accumulations of sediment found at the mouth of a canyon.
True
False
14
The diversity of life in freshwater bodies, such as lakes and rivers, is much greater than it is in the oceans.
False
True
15
The slope that leads from the shallow ocean at the edge of continents to the deep ocean basins is the
continental rise
continental slope
abyssal plain
continental shelf
16
Minerals are _______ .
crystalline solids
all answers are correct
naturally occurring
inorganic
17
According to isostasy, how will the earth's crust respond to a loss in weight resulting from the erosion of mountains?
There should be no change
All answers are correct
The loss in weight will cause the crust to buckle and form new mountains.
The crust will respond to the loss of weight by rising somewhat.
18
In which environment is sediment most likely to be eroded?
From a steep mountain slope
In the bottom of a closed basin like Death Valley, California
In the deep ocean basins
From very flat land
19
Consumers that feed on producers are called ______ .
scavengers
parasites
carnivores
herbivores
20
Limiting factors restrict a species to an environment.
True
False
21
Brackish seawater is common in _____.
lakes and ponds
open ocean waters
bays and lagoons
continental shelves
22
The Coriolis Effect is the apparent change in direction of moving air or water due to the Earth's rotation.
True
False
23
Chemical weathering makes new minerals.
False
True
24
The divisions of the geologic time scales are for the most part based on ________.
fossils
superposition
absolute age dates
laws and physics
25
Evaporites are chemical sediments left by the
precipitation
of seawater.
False
True
26
In an ionic bond a positively and negatively charged ion are held together by an electrostatic attraction.
True
False
27
Are you ready to study?
False
True
28
What combination of minerals is likely to be found in a felsic igneous rock?
pyroxene, amphibole, and calcium plagioclase
biotite, clay, and calcium plagioclase
potassium feldspar, sodium plagioclase, and quartz
calcite, clay, and quartz
29
A clastic sedimentary rock consisting of silt sized particles is a ______.
shale
YOUR MOM
sandstone
siltstone
30
Metamorphic rocks that result from hot magma coming into contact with preexisting rocks are likely to be foliated.
True
False
31
A by-product of long-term photosynthesis that is a major constituent in Earth's atmosphere is ________.
water vapor
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon dioxide
32
__________ is a group of individuals that belong to a single species and live together in a particular area
Biological Group
Community
Ecosystem
Population
33
Chemical sediments are formed by _______.
YOUR MOM
direct precipitation of chemical sediments of water
direct evaporation of chemical sediments of water
erosion and weathering of chemical sediments
34
The order of increasing metamorphic grade for foliated metamorphic rocks is ______.
slate, phyllite, schist, gneiss
phyllite, schist, gneiss, slate
gneiss, schist, phyllite, slate
gneiss, slate, phyllite, schist
35
A nonconformity usually implies _______.
the parallel sedimentary rock above and below an erosion surface
a gap in the rock record
superposition
a large uplift of the land followed by deep erosion
36
Sodium Chloride made in a chemistry lab is considered a mineral.
True
False
37
The upper limit on metamorphism is melting.
False
True
38
The way that a species relates to its environment defines its ______.
life habitat
habitat
ecologic niche
community
39
Northern coniferous forests dominated by spruce, pine, and fir, are located adjacent to the subarctic ecosystem known as
ice caps
tundra
temperate forests
savannahs
40
The intertidal zone is most closely associated with _____.
the abyssal plain
the continental slope
a barrier island shoreline
the continental shelf
41
What are biogenic sediments?
minerals formed in the ocean floors
mineral grains that were parts of organisms
minerals formed from volcanic activity
minerals formed along the surface of Earth
42
Chemical sedimentary rocks consisting of the skeletons of dead marine organisms are classified as _______ .
Biogenic
All answers are correct
clastic
evaporites
43
Metamorphism of rock occurs when it is exposed to high temperatures, very high pressures, or both.
False
True
44
Which type of sedimentary rock displays the best sorting?
conglomerate
a sandstone deposited by wind
tillite
a sandstone deposited by a river
45
Which igneous rock type represents slow cooling deep underground (6 to 15 km)?
gabbro
andesite
rhyolite
basalt
46
In the rock cycle, what processes convert sediment into sedimentary rock?
melting and crystallization
compaction and cementation
extreme heat and erosion
weathering and erosion
47
What mineral assemblage is likely to be found in a sedimentary rock?
potassium feldspar, biotite, and quartz
clay, quartz, and hematite
amphibole, clay, and calcium plagioclase
muscovite, pyroxene, and calcite
48
Terrestrial climates on land at about 30 degrees north and south latitude tend to be________.
rain forests
grasslands
large deserts
savannahs
49
Earth's atmosphere consists of ________ in decreasing order of abundance.
oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, argon
carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen, oxygen, argon
nitrogen, oxygen, argon, carbon dioxide, water
argon, oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, nitrogen
50
Where is the photic zone?
along the ocean floor
the lower layers of the ocean where there is no sunlight for photosynthesis
the upper layers of the ocean where there is sunlight for photosynthesis
the layer of the ocean where there are changing tides