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Psychology Final Exam Practice
Psychology Final Exam Practice
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1
Olfactory cells are the receptors for which sense?
Touch
Hearing
Taste
Smell
2
thalamus
emotion; aggression and fear
sensory control except for smell
coordinated movement; above medulla
neural system with emotions and drives
3
medulla
arousal
memory
heart rate and breathing
coordination and balance
4
Which of the following statements best illustrates Maslow's esteem needs?
Getting married to you high school sweetheart.
Working out three days a week to improve your health.
Going to school to earn a master's degree in counseling.
Donating a large sum of money to charity.
5
The sympathetic nervous system is _______ while the parasympathetic nervous system is ______.
rest; digest
arousing; calming
fight; flight
calming; arousing
6
Habituation is...
when an organism associates different stimuli.
an organism's decreasing response due to exposure.
creating new habits.
responding to stimuli habitually.
7
Melatonin
metabolism
arousal
sleep
memory
8
a researcher finds that 5% chance her results are due to chance?
not statistically significant
chance is not related to statistical significance
minimum result; considered statistically significant
well beyond range of statistical significance
9
Which of the following is NOT a monocular depth cue?
Linear Perspective
Relative Size
Convergence
Interposition
10
Why is eyewitness testimony not always accurate?
People often lie
People may be asked misleading questions.
People have little capacity for personal memories.
People do not have strong recognition.
11
Theory X Management vs Theory Y Management
good for lower level jobs; good for higher level jobs
manager gives employees responsibility; manger controls
good for higher level jobs; good for lower level jobs
manager controls; manger gives employees responsilty
12
Which of the following is most important when conducting survey research?
Choosing large samples.
Surveying every member of the population for your research.
Choosing samples whose answers will support your hypothesis.
Having representative samples.
13
broca's area is to ___ as wernicke's area is to ____.
personality; plasticity
speaking; understanding
plasticity; personality
understanding; speaking
14
Personality Disorders
Borderline- instable relationship & self, i h8 u but dont go
Histroinic- excessive emotion& attention seeking "slut dis"
Antisocial- disregard for others, manipulative, break laws
Narcissism - self obsessed and lack of epathy
15
As children learn they must follow rules & regulations in satisfying their wishes, they develop
an unconscious.
an ego.
a super ego.
an id.
16
which ABILITY is a good predictor of good grades, adjustment and social success?
extrinsic motivation
self-control
self-esteem
insight
17
Law Of Effect: behaviors with good consequences increase in frequency (and decreases with bad)
Pavlov
Watson
Bandura
Thorndike
18
You can't recall your new cell # and you keep writing down your old #.
Retroactive Interference
Anterograde Amnesia
Retrograde Amnesia
Proactive Interference
19
Ventromedial Hypothalamus
when stimulated you feel full
when damaged you never feel hungry again
when damaged you never stop eating
when stimulated you feel hungry
20
Rods
carries neural impulse from eye to brain
detect black, white, grey; twilight and peripheral vision
concentrated near center; fine details and color
central focal point in retina
21
Sensation vs Perception
process of organization; process by receptors
analysis that begins with receptors and works up
process by our receptors; process of organization
focusing on conscious-unconscious stimuli
22
endorphins
memory
arousal
pleasure
block out pain
23
limbic system
emotion; aggression and fear
coordinated movement; above medulla
neural system with emotions and drives
sensory control except for smell
24
human-factors study interaction of people and machines OR application of concepts in work?
Application of concept in workplace
Interaction of people and machines
25
Which of the following is a true statement about pain?
Chronic pain cannot be treated.
Women are less sensitive to pain than men.
Pain is entirely somatic.
Pain can be diminished by distractions or endorphins.
26
transduction
using energy to move limbs
intensity of neural impluse
conversion of one form on energy into another
type of neuron
27
Long sound waves=_____ and ______
low pitch
low frequency
high pitch
high frequency
28
The observation that the higher the classroom temperature, the lower student performance is...
zero correlation
dependent correlation
positive correlation
negative correlation
29
Noah Chomsky is to _____ as Benjamin Lee Whorf is to______.
heuristics; mental set
biological dispositions ;linguistic determinism
Mental set; heuristics
linguistic determinsim; biological dispositions
30
Ivan Pavlov
trained dogs to salivate at sound of a tone instead of food.
was a structuralist.
performed the Little Albert Experiment.
was a psychoanalyst.
31
___is most affected by extreme scores
range
median
mean
mode
32
opposing retinal processes; red-green, yellow-blue, white-black; enable color vision
opponent-process theory
young-helmholts theory
33
Which is a fixed ratio?
winning the lottery after one try but never play again
while pressing a button, you receive food every 5 times
while gambling, you win after 1, then 2, then 6 tries
every five days you receive new clothes
34
ACH
pleasure
alzheimers, muscle spasms
muscle contraction
memory
35
Why was the baby experiment for depth perception being innate or not, not fully accurate?
babies were too scared to move
babies lives were long enough to already learn depth
babies would not cooperate
movement was limited to test at younger ages
36
Pituitary
neck; metabolism
stomach; glucose
brain; growth
stomach; fight/flight
37
parietal and frontal are which functions, respectfully?
sensory complex; speaking
auditory cortex; visual cortex
speaking; sensory complex
visual cortex; auditory cortex
38
Which perspective would focus on encoding, storing and retrieval of information affects us?
Cognitive
Humanistic
Behavioral
Sociocultural
39
Agreeing to a small request at first then later complying with a larger demand is an example of
high ball technique.
empathy over-spill.
foot-in-the-door effect.
low ball technique.
40
Parapsychology
hypnosis
precognition
clairvoyance
telepathy
41
What fluid-filled tube in inner ear triggers nerve impulses?
Cochlea
Anvil
Hammer
Stirrup
42
Milgram's experiment raised questions about our willingness to commit inhumane acts due to...
obedience to authority
cognitive dissonance
expert influence
conformity to group pressure
43
Brain is to central nervous system as the limbs are to ____nervous system.
Autonomic
Parasympathtic
Peripheral
Somatic
44
If you endured a stroke; causing paralysis in your right leg. What was damaged?
right parietal lobe
left parietal lobe
left motor cortex
right motor cortex
45
You're in a parking lot ad 2 am when a thief jumps you with a knife. What would arouse you?
Somatic
Parasympathetic
Autonomic
Sympathetic
46
TRUE OR FALSE: emotion weakens memory
true
false
47
3 receptors; red, green, blue; when stimulated in blend = other colors
young-helmholts theory
opponent-process theory
48
Mental Predisposition to perceive one way and not another
Perceptual Set
Parapsychologists
Framing
Bias
49
reticular formation
coordination and balance
heart rate and breathing
memory
arousal
50
Albert Bandura
aggression is learned
studied concept of modeling
Bobo doll experiment
aggression is purely genetic
51
Which sense takes the longest to develop during infancy?
Taste
Vision
Smell
52
John B. Watson
studied classical conditioning.
was a behaviorist.
performed the Little Albert Experiment.
all of these are true.
53
Frequency Theory...
states that the rate of neural impulses matches pitch.
is when neural cells are alternately firing.
links pitch with where the cochlea is stimulated.
54
Which are 3 of the 5 stages of Denial?
Repression
Anger
Bargaining
Denial
55
Who questioned personal freedom, saying that "one's actions are controlled by external forces"?
Thorndike
Pavlov
Skinner
Gardner
56
In normal distibution, ___ falls within 1 standard deviation on either side of mean?
34
83
68
54
57
Operant Conditioning
behaviors are diminished by consequences
impulses drive our responses
behaviors are strengthened by rewards
based on biological dispositions
58
the cerebral cortex is to processing information as the hypothalamus is to_____.
visual cortex
sensory input
auditory
maintenance; control pituatary
59
cerebellum
memory
arousal
coordination and balance
heart rate and breathing
60
Who invented the medical model?
Dorothea Dix
Karen Horney
61
An example of intrinsic motivation would be...
an upcoming deadline
to avoid grounding
GPA
curiosity
62
Mood Disorders
PTSD and OCD
Bipolard Disoder; depression to mania to depression (cycle)
Major Depression ; dysthymia=milder depression & lasts years
Seasonal Affective Disorder; depressed in long, dark winters
63
Somatoform Disorders; Def and/or Examples
Hypochondriacs
disorders with weak causes
Conversion Disorder
psychological disorders with no apparent cause
64
the prototype of a bird would most likely be...
ostrich
robin
owl
dodo bird
65
Erikson's principle of____is when one feels safe in the world
Identity
Integrity
Basic Trust
Autonomy
66
amygdala
coordinated movement; above medulla
emotion; aggression and fear
neural system with emotions and drives
sensory control except for smell
67
Phrenology
study of skulls shape to associate with functions
study of behaviors to associate with personality
study of brain activity
study of learning potential
68
Who established the first psychological lab?
Rene Descartes
Ivan Pavlov
Wilhelm Wundt
John Locke
69
Kinesthesia is ___ while Vestibular Sense is____.
Both sense of body, motion and position but V.S = balance 2
system for sensing position; sense of balance and motion
The Same Thing
system of balance and motion; sensing position
70
Which is a negative correlation?
Students' shoe size is not related to grades
People who spend more hours studying, use more paper in math
people who run more, weigh less
As studying hours go down, so do test scores
71
Thyroid
brain; growth
stomach; fight/flight
stomach; glucose
neck; metabolism
72
Fovea
central focal point in retina
concentrated near center; fine details and color
detect black, white, grey; twilight and peripheral vision
carries neural impulse from eye to brain
73
Pancreas
stomach; fight/flight
stomach; glucose
brain; growth
neck; metabolism
74
Visual Organization
Figure-Ground
Schemas
Gestalt
Grouping
75
Which statement is NOT TRUE about opiates?
Opiates produce heavy withdrawal symptoms.
Heroin is an example of an opiate.
Opiates are very addictive.
Opiates are only psychologically addictive.
76
After the student council election, Bill tells you he knew all along who was going to win.
Intelligence
Hindsight bias
Self serving bias
Overconfidence
77
serotonin
epileptic seizures
arousal and moods
depression and autism
arousal and memory
78
why is an operation definition necessary when researching?
easier to translate for global studies
it is not necessary, just looks more "scientific"
Allows others to replicate
provides more context and better examples
79
The greatest density of cones exists in this part of the eye.
Retina
Fovea
Cornea
Pupil
80
Who studied taste aversion and in what animals was this study conducted?
Garcia; rats
Garcia; wolves
Bandura; rats
Bandura; wolves
81
Generalization is____while discrimination is____.
ability to distinguish; incorporate misleading info
incorporating mislead info; sim stimuli = same response
sim stimuli elicits same response; ability to distinguish
ability to distinguish; sim stimuli elicits same response
82
Dopamine
pleasure
depression, autism
memory
parkinsons, schizophrenia
83
Optic Nerve
carries neural impulse from eye to brain
detect black, white, grey; twilight and peripheral vision
central focal point in retina
concentrated near center; fine details and color
84
Dissociative Identity
usually caused by childhood abuse
NOT SCHIZOPHRENIA
Legitimacy is often doubted
several personalities who normally are not aware of others
85
You jump into an ice cold pool but five minutes later, you tell your friend,"it's not that bad.
Sensory Adaptation
Habituation
86
Convergent Thinking
lack of creativity
narrows down to best solution
expands number of solutions
creativity
87
Stress appraisal stimulates which part of the brain?
Amygdala
Hypothalamus
Medulla
Thalamus
88
Behaviorism is...
the view that psychology is based on self-thoughts.
the view that psychology should study observable actions.
view that behavior is not important to understanding humans.
view that the study of mental processes is most important.
89
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model: three stages
Repressed Memory
Sensory memory
Short Term Memory
Long term Memory
90
Which is a variable ratio?
winning lottery once and never playing again
gambling
every 5 button pushes = food
every five days= clothes
91
What would a counselor most likely
not
do?
work with children whose parents are divorcing
help people make good decisions towards physical well being
helps people develop skills to cope
works with families going through a death
92
Lateral Hypothalamus
when damaged you never stop eating
when stimulated you feel full
when stimulated you feel hungry
when damaged you never feel hungry again
93
Pitch Volley Principle
links pitch with where the cochlea is stimulated
rate of neural impulses matches pitch
Neural cells alternate firing
94
The difference between autonomic and somatic is that somatic _____.
voluntary
is anger
arousal
uncontrollable
95
Who coined the term "tabula rasa"?
Ivan Pavlov
Rene Descartes
Wilhelm Wundt
John Locke
96
Which of the following is a projective test?
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
WAIS
MMPI
TAT
97
Which of the following is a measure of variation?
Median
Mode
Range
Mean
98
The unconditioned stimuli
triggers natural response
triggers no response
triggers taught response
is operant conditioning
99
TRUE OR FALSE: community psychology is interaction of people & their soc, eco, pol environment
FALSE
TRUE
100
Weber's Law
principle that to be perceived, differ by constant minimum %
minimum stimulation 50%
diminished sensitivity as consequence of repetition
signals you cant detect 50% of the time
101
determined by peak one light/sound wave to the peak of the next
Brightness
Frequency
Wavelength
Intensity
102
Classical conditioning is...
the removal of an adverse stimulus.
when an organism associates one stimulus with another.
a relationship between new and old info.
the tendency to recall info at end of a list.
103
Type A
easily frustrated
laid back
at risk for heart disease
stressful
104
Kolhberg's Morality Development: Conventional
follow rules they agree with and go against rules when dont
follow rules to avoid punishment
follow rules because they know they exist and to keep order
105
Who proposed that nerves allow for reflexes?
Ivan Pavlov
Wilhelm Wundt
John Locke
Rene Descartes
106
You need yogurt so you check every single aisle in the grocery store until you find it. This is
an algorithm.
a heuristic.
an example of insight.
theory of mind.
107
Adrenal
stomach; glucose
brain; growth
stomach; fight/flight
neck; metabolism
108
Sean sells shoes. His salary depends on how many shoes he can sell in a 2 week period. This is
a fixed ratio payment schedule.
a variable ratio payment schedule.
a fixed interval payment schedule.
a variable interval payment schedule.
109
Explicit memory is mostly associated with what two areas?
hippocampus
amygdala
frontal lobes
hypothalamus
110
what is better for long term memory?
Semantic
Echoic
Deep
Shallow
111
pons
coordinated movement; above medulla
neural system with emotions and drives
sensory control except for smell
emotion; aggression and fear
112
Carol Gilligan said moral thinking and moral behavior are______.
2 Different Things; you don't always do what you should do
The same thing; you believe something so you do it
113
Semicircular canals and vestibular sacs contain fluid to accommodate your sense of ____.
Awareness
Balance
Motion
Hearing
114
Which strange situation paradigms are correctly matched?
AMBIVALENT: avoids mom but freaks out when leaves
SECURE: upset when mom leaves, easily calmed when returns
AVOIDANT: avoids mom but freaks out when leaves
115
You lack the connection between your right and left hemispheres? What were you born without?
Cerebral cortex
broca's area
corpus collosum
medulla
116
According to Freud, fixation in the oral stage could include all of these behaviors except...
sarcasm.
overeating.
aggressiveness.
low self-esteem.
117
agonists are ____ while antagonists are ____.
blocking; stimulating
increasing rate; slowing down rate
stimulating; blocking
slowing down rate; increasing rate
118
Which of the following is true of classical conditioning?
CR produces the CS
UCR produces the CS
CS produces the UCS
UCS produces UCR
119
Kolhberg's Morality Development: Pre-Conventional
follow rules they agree with and go against rules when dont
follow rules to avoid punishment
follow rules because they know they exist and to keep order
120
Research suggests that there is a direct correlation between the presence of major depression
and decreased levels of serotonin.
and increased levels of endorphins.
and an enlarged hypothalamus.
and a enlarged parietal lobe.
121
Children acquire complex thoughts & behaviors that accompany being male or female. These are...
Sexual Cognition
Gender Identity
Gender Roles
Sexual Identity
122
TRUE OR FALSE
: Vygotsky's Theory: cognitive process is a social process built with interaction
TRUE
FALSE
123
Learning is...
when experience leads to a long-term change in behavior
being intelligent
organisism's decreasing response to stimulus with exposure
an individual's potential to retain new information
124
An example of extrinsic motivation is...
feeling smart
curiosity
praise
interesting content
125
Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence was divided into 3 categories. They were...
analytical, logical, practical
analytical, problem solving, practical
experimental, problem solving, practical
practical, intrapersonal, creative
126
Kolhberg's Morality Development: Post-Conventional
follow rules because they know they exist and to keep order
follow rules to avoid punishment
follow rules they agree with and go against rules when dont
127
Type B
laid back
calm
non stressed
at risk for heart disease
128
Psychiatrists differ from psychologists in that______.
are not licensed to prescribe medication
are paid more
are more commonly hired
are licensed to prescribe medication
129
Experiences influence our interpretation of data
Bottom up processing
Top down processing
130
A researcher observes a class playing with toys to compare gender typing. What kind of study?
Naturalistic Observation
Case Study
Longitudinal
Cross-Sectional
131
The Process of Classical Conditioning involves... (more than 1)
Extinction
Restoration
Acquisition
Spontaneous Recovery
132
What did Harry Harlow discover?
comfort and physio. both must be given 4 child 2 attach
contact comfort doesn't matter as much as physiological need
Comfort and physiological don't impact attachment
Comfort is more important than physiological needs
133
Ken can remember his past but can't form new long term memories since brain infection 4 yrs ago
Retrograde Amnesisa
Anterograde Amnesia
134
What part of your brain continues developing until you are around 25?
Motor Cortex
Parietal Lobe
Hippocampus
Frontal Lobes
135
The hippocampus is involved with...
procedural memory.
explicit memory.
heart rate and breathing.
coordination and balance.
136
Which of the following describes a cognitive map?
Dog sits by the window an hour before his owner is due home
Reciting directions for how to get to your house from school
A boy follows his big sister home on his bicycle.
Grocery store clerk tells you exactly how to get to an item
137
Divergent Thinking
narrows down to best solution
creativity
lack of creativity
expands number of solutions
138
Cones
concentrated near center; fine details and color
central focal point in retina
detect black, white, grey; twilight and peripheral vision
carries neural impulse from eye to brain
139
teens today are....
afraid of violence
desensitized to violence
140
Erikson's Crisis that occurs in adolescence.
Integrity vs Despair
Intimacy vs Isolation
Initiative vs Guilt
Identity vs Role Confusion
141
Your circadian rhythm cycle lasts approximately...
8 hours each night.
90 minutes as you go in and out of REM state while sleeping.
24 hours for one day and night.
12 hours each day & 12 hours each night
142
Elephants appear to remember large scale spaces over long period of time? what is this ability?
cognitive map
flashbulb memory
kinetic spatial awareness
insight
143
Pitch place theory
Neural cells alternate firing
links pitch with where the cochlea is stimulated
rate of neural impulses matches pitch
144
Eat a starburst without smelling = lemon flavor; release nose and smell =correctly guess orange
Perceptual Set
Sensory Interaction
Anosmia
Embodied Cognition
145
Occipital and temporal are which functions, respectfully?
auditory cortex; visual cortex
sensory complex; speaking
speaking; sensory complex
visual cortex; auditory cortex
