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AP Psychology Final Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Final Review
AP Psychology Final Review
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1
People from this type of culture emphasize the needs and goals of the group.
Western
Collectivist
Northern
Individualistic
2
Getting a hug (after a response) is an example of what?
Negative Reinforcement
Conditioning
Positive Reinforcement
Shaping
3
A disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and/or actions is known as...
Phobia
PTSD
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
None of the Above
4
The process of observing and imitating a specific behavior is...
Classical Conditioning
Operant Conditioning
Mirroring
Modeling
5
What is the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and behavior?
Illusory Correlation
False Consensus Effect
Hindsight Bias
Overconfidence
6
According to Erikson, the issue of integrity vs. despair occurs at what time in one's life?
Middle Adulthood ( 40s-60s)
Late Adulthood (late 60s and up)
Infancy (to 1 year)
Toddlerhood (1-2 years)
7
Which of the following is NOT one of Gardner's eight intelligences?
Naturalist
Interpersonal
Practical
Linguistic
8
What are the opposing retinal processes of the opponent-process theory?
Red/Green/Blue
Red/Green, Yellow/Blue, White/Black
Red/Yellow, Green/Blue, Black/White
Rods/Cones
9
What is a person's characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity?
Attitude
Temperament
Rooting Reflex
Personality
10
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur, that may accompany psychotic disorders are...
schizophrenia
belief perseverance
delusions
hallucinations
11
The picture below portrays what idea?
Grouping Principles
Visual Cliff
Binocular Cues
Monocular Cues
12
A robin is a ______ of bird.
Heuristic
Prototype
categorization
Algorithm
13
What determines the hue of light?
Frequency
Wavelength
Amplitude
Intensity
14
Which perspective emphasizes the growth potential of healthy people?
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
Behavioral
Cognitive
15
What are the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state?
Beta
Hallucinations
Delta
Alpha
16
A revoked driver's license is an example of what?
Negative Punishment
Positive Punishment
Operant Conditioning
Negative Reinforcement
17
Which theory of emotion states that arousal and emotion occur simultaneously?
Cannon-Bard
Two-Factor
James-Lange
Schachter-Singer
18
Which part of the ear contains the hammer, anvil, and stirrup?
Cochlea
Outer Ear
Middle Ear
Inner Ear
19
The basic defense mechanism that rejects anxiety-arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories is
None of the Above
Regression
Repression
Retrieval
20
What is the central focal point in the retina, around which the eye's cones cluster?
Pupil
Ganglion Cell
Fovea
Optic Nerve
21
A correlation coefficient of +.95 signifies...
No Relationship
A weak, positive correlation
A strong, positive correlation
No Correlation
22
What is a statement of the procedures used to define research variables?
Classical Definition
Hypothesis
Basic Definition
Operational Definition
23
Which observation technique studies one person in depth in the hope of showing universal ideas?
Experiment
Longitudinal Study
Survey
Case Study
24
What is the perception that one is worse off relative to those with whom one compares oneself?
Envy Theory
Hindsight Bias
Relative Deprivation
Adaptation-Level Phenomenon
25
Which stage of Freud's psychosexual stages is characterized by dormant sexual feelings?
Phallic
Latency
Dormant
Oral
26
What is the incorporation of misleading information into one's memory of an event?
Misinformation Effect
Proactive Interference
Amnesia
Imagination
27
Which concept helps explain many of our superstitious beliefs?
Overconfidence
Pattern Seeking
Cause and Effect
Illusory Correlation
28
According to Freud, what is the remembered storyline and underlying meaning of a dream?
Latent Content and Matent Content
Manifest Content and Latent Content
REM and Hypnosis
Sleep Apnea and Night Terrors
29
A person with a cognitive disability and an exceptional specific skill has...
Specific Intelligence
General Intelligence
Savant Syndrome
None of the Above
30
The painting below purposely confuses figure and ground using what?
convergence
Interposition
Texture Gradient
Relative Size
31
Which part of the neuron receives messages and conducts impulses toward the cell body?
Dendrite
Myelin Sheath
Cell Body
Axon
32
Crediting primarily someone's disposition to explain their behavior is due to...
Fundamental Attribution Error
Attitude
Hindsight Bias
Reflection
33
Which of the following is a "Big Five" personality trait?
Extraversion
Openness
Agreeableness
All of the Above
34
In Pavlov's experiments, what is the conditioned stimulus?
Food
Salivation
Sound of Bell
None of the Above
35
Which of the following tests is designed to predict a person's future performance?
None of the Above
Achievement Test
Aptitude Test
Standardized Test
36
Milgram's experiments had 'shocking' results of very high levels of...
Normative Social Influence
All of the Above
Obedience
Conformity
37
Systematic desensitization is what kind of therapy?
Active Listening
Aversive Conditioning
Exposure
Biomedical
38
What is the reappearance, after a pause, of an extinguished conditioned response?
Generalization
Spontaneous Recovery
Extinction
Acquisition
39
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes are classified as...
Bipolar Disorders
Major Personality Disorders
Mood Disorders
Mania Disorders
40
Asch's experiments exhibit what psychological concept?
Cognitive Dissonance
Conformity
Hindsight Bias
Overconfidence
41
The word 'but' has how many phonemes?
3
1
4
2
42
The diagram below depicts which theory of emotion?
Cannon-Bard
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
Two-Factor
James-Lange
43
What illusion does the phi phenomenon create?
Texture Gradience
Movement
Speed
Distance
44
What is the name for the regular bodily rhythms that occur on a 24-hour cycle?
Biological Rhythms
REM Sleep
Circadian Rhythm
Social Clock
45
The smallest unit of language that carries meaning is...
Syntax
Morpheme
Sematics
Phoneme
46
Which personality type is competitive, impatient, verbally-aggressive, and anger-prone?
Type A
Type 1
Type B
Type C
47
Which technique depicts brain activity by showing each brain area's consumption of glucose?
PET
MRI
EEG
fMRI
48
What is the body's speedy, electrochemical communication network?
Digestive System
Endocrine System
Limbic System
Nervous System
49
The perception that one controls one's own fate is know as...
Learned Hopefulness
Personal Control
External Locus of Control
Internal Locus of Control
50
Which study compares people of different ages?
Cross-Sectional Study
Longitudinal Study
Experiment
Case Study
51
The picture below is an example of what concept?
Continuity
None of the Above
Proximity
Connectedness
52
Which of the following is NOT a projective test?
Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI)
Themantic Apperception Test (TAT)
Rorscharch Inkblot Test
53
Which of the following are structures of the limbic system?
Medulla/Pons
Thalamus/Cortex
Cerebellum/RAS
Amygdala/Hypothalamus
54
What is the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas?
Confidence
Intelligence
Divergent Thinking
Creativity
55
According to Kohlberg, one obeys either to avoid punishment or gain rewards during which stage?
Postconventional
Conventional
Initiative vs. Guilt
Preconventional
56
What is known as the "Aha!" moment?
Confirmation Bias
Insight
Divergent Thinking
Heuristics
57
The diagram below is an example of what idea?
Homeostasis
Incentive Theory
Hierarchy of Needs
Drive-Reduction Theory
58
Which of the following is NOT a sympathetic NS response?
Digestion Inhibits
Respiration slows
Salivation Decreases
Heart Accelerates
59
Client-centered therapy falls under which perspective?
Psychodynamic
Behavioral
Humanistic
Active Listening
60
Which kind of drugs depress the activity of the CNS, reducing anxiety but impairing memory?
Barbiturates
Hallucinogens
Stimulants
Opiates
61
Stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others is known as...
Social Loafing
Deindividuation
Group Polarization
Social Facilitation
62
Memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and "declare" is called...
Explicit Memory
Declarative Memory
63
The model below depicts Freud's idea of...
Body Structure
Personality
Confidence
Intelligence
64
Which form of processing depends on our past experiences and expectations?
Bottom-up processing
Perception
Top-down processing
Critical Thinking
65
Organizing items into familiar, manageable units is called...
Chunking
Spacing
Processing
Encoding
66
Psychology is defined as the scientific study of...
The Human Mind
Emotions
Behavior and Mental Processes
Observable Behavior
67
Which structure of the brain helps process explicit memories for storage?
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Amygdala
Hippocampus
68
True or False: Depression is usually unaffected by stressful life events.
False
True
69
What is self-efficacy?
All of these!
Having belief in your ability to succeed
Trusting in your own ability to achieve your goals
Being confident that you can do whatever you set your mind to
70
What is the tendency of people to be helpful when already in a good mood?
Catharsis
Happiness Effect
Feel-good, do-good Phenomenon
Intrinsic Motivation
71
Which neurotransmitter enables muscle action, learning, and memory?
Dopamine
Serotonin
Acetylcholine (ACh)
Norepinephrine
72
True or False: High reliability ensures a test's validity.
False
True
73
According to Piaget, during what stage does one develop object permanence?
Formal Operational
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
74
Which perspective focuses on how we encode, process, store, and retrieve information?
Evolutionary
Psychodynamic
Social-Cultural
Cognitive
