Which of the following is an advantage of bureaucracies?

They are efficient and predictable.

Which of the following statements is true of caste system?

In a caste system, social positions are ascribed at birth.

Those who endorse a(n) _ model believe that crime rates increase when offenders don't fear punishment & often endorse _

crime control; lengthy mandatory sentences

Crimes like illicit drug use, prostitution, illegal gambling, and pornography are called _____ because _____.

victimless crimes; they have no direct victims

According to functionalists, deviance is dysfunctional when it

decreases confidence in institutions.

social organization and a subjective understanding of behavior.

Postmodern theory analyzes

contemporary societies characterized by post-industrialization.

Which of the following did W.E.B. Du Bois include as part of the "cure" for prejudice and discrimination?

Promoting black political power

For sociologists, status is best described as

a social position that a person occupies in society.

Two of the best-known explanations of deviance offered by symbolic interactionists are

labeling and differential association

Why did Jane Addams win the Nobel Peace Prize?

For her advocacy of negotiating, rather than waging war, to settle disputes

Which of the following scenarios illustrates one of the consequences of inequality according to a conflict theorist?

Gap between wages of line workers and corporate executives has increased.

Which of the following most accurately represent symbolic interaction theory?

People act on the basis of the meaning they attribute to others.

The two issues of concern in Merton's strain theory are

accept of cultural goal & accept of institutionalized means 2 achieve goals

Which of the following is true about socialization?

It is a powerful force in shaping who we are.

According to Karl Marx, history is a series of

class struggles between capitalists and workers.

Harriet Martineau emphasized the importance of

systematic data collection and objective data analysis

Solomon Asch's experiment demonstrated the

power of groups over individuals even when the group is obviously wrong.

Which of the following most accurately describes those individuals who are classified as working poor?

manual laborers, retail workers, and service workers

Which of the following is true of the members of a primary group?

They genuinely care about each other.

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Questions 40

Answers

1
_____ focus on interpersonal relationships rather than examining groups and organizations on a macro level.
Rational choice theorists
Functionalists
Symbolic interactionists
Conflict theorists
2
The scientific method
guarantees that absolute truths will be discovered.
is a way to acquire knowledge.
is used in social sciences but not physics or other bench sciences.
is one of the more flawed knowledge systems.
3
Which of the following is an advantage of bureaucracies?
They give people a sense of belonging and oneness.
They have flexible and adaptable rules.
They have a strong reward system.
They are efficient and predictable.
4
Which of the following statements is true of caste system?
A caste system has a relatively open stratification structure.
In a caste system, people can easily move from one cast to another.
In a caste system, social positions are ascribed at birth.
In caste system, social positions are based on individual achievement.
5
Those who endorse a(n) _ model believe that crime rates increase when offenders don't fear punishment & often endorse _
crime control; lengthy mandatory sentences
reconciliation; spiritually based programs
prevention; "scared straight" programs
rehabilitation; education
6
U R part of group that fairly large, organized around purpose, likely to be disbanded after its goal has been reached.
You joined an out-group.
You joined a secondary group.
You joined a purposive group.
You joined a functional group.
7
Crimes like illicit drug use, prostitution, illegal gambling, and pornography are called _____ because _____.
victimless crimes; they have no direct victims
societal crimes; they cause harm to social order
hedonistic crimes; those who commit the crimes enjoy doing so
choice crimes; they are a matter of individual choice
8
One of Jane Addam's greatest intellectual legacies is her emphasis on
addressing everyday problems.
alienation.
statistical data analysis.
being "value-free."
9
Durkheim maintained that, to be scientific, sociology had to study
societal determinants.
social facts.
intervening variables.
externalities.
10
____ provides a foundation for understanding the purposes of socialization, but does not tell us how socialization works
Symbolic interaction theory
Functionalism
Feminist theory
Social learning theory
11
According to functionalists, deviance is dysfunctional when it
bolsters the economy.
provides permanent safety valves.
decreases confidence in institutions.
is cheap and inexpensive.
12
__ R standards by which members of particular culture define what good/bad, moral/immoral,desirable/undesirable,beaut/ug
Values
Taboos
Languages
Rituals
13
Max Weber focused on
social organization and a subjective understanding of behavior.
capitalism and its impact on workers' social behavior
the capitalists, petit bourgeoise, and the proletariat.
economics as a major factor in explaining society.
14
Postmodern theory analyzes
how & why groups disagree, struggle over power, compete for scarce resource
contemporary societies characterized by post-industrialization.
women's social, economic, and political inequality.
people's everyday communication of knowledge, ideas, beliefs, and attitudes
15
Which of the following did W.E.B. Du Bois include as part of the "cure" for prejudice and discrimination?
Promoting black political power
Creating an independent black homeland
Punishing whites who discriminate
Creating a black working class
16
_____ refers to the difficulties due to conflicting demands within the same role.
Role rage
Role discrepancy
Role strain
Role conflict
17
Sociologists call the behavior expected of a person who has particular status a(n)
role.
reification.
qualification.
mandate.
18
For sociologists, status is best described as
the prestige that is attached to a particular role.
a social position that a person occupies in society.
the behavior expected of a person in a particular place in society.
a social position that a person is born into.
19
__ maintain that ppl learn new attitudes, beliefs, behaviors thru interaction w/ other ppl, especially during childhood
Symbolic interaction theories
Conflict strategies
Structural functionalism theories
Social learning theories
20
Two of the best-known explanations of deviance offered by symbolic interactionists are
labeling and differential association
anomie and strain
person-centered and group-centered
goals and instrumental means
21
In _____, one variable can be said to be the direct consequence of another.
correlation
causation
specification
operationalization
22
Why did Jane Addams win the Nobel Peace Prize?
For creating an international coalition to advance women's rights
For her support of the temperance movement
For development of Hull House and founding the settlement house movement
For her advocacy of negotiating, rather than waging war, to settle disputes
23
Which of the following scenarios illustrates one of the consequences of inequality according to a conflict theorist?
Sales are up 22 percent at Raylo, a company making lawn equipment.
Gap between wages of line workers and corporate executives has increased.
Jamie moved up from the working class to the upper-middle class.
Samira finds herself trusting more and more in political institutions.
24
Which of the following most accurately represent symbolic interaction theory?
Society as a whole should be kept at the center of sociological research.
Society composed of interrelated parts that work to maintain its cohesion
Gender inequality is the major source of inequality in society.
People act on the basis of the meaning they attribute to others.
25
The two issues of concern in Merton's strain theory are
accept of cultural goal & accept of institutionalized means 2 achieve goals
availability of support 2 reach goal & willingness 2 sacrifice 2 reach goal
acceptance of cultural goals & whether accepted goal R prosocial/antisocial
influence of environ factors on goal & influence of indiv factors on goal
26
Who among the following has an ascribed status?
A student
A college graduate
An athlete
An African American
27
_____________________are unintended and unrecognized; they are present but not immediately obvious.
Latent functions
Necessary functions
Manifest functions
Basic functions
28
Which of the following is true about socialization?
It is a powerful force in shaping who we are.
It produces people who are all entirely the same.
It produces people who behave without feelings.
It is always successful.
29
A(n) ______ variable is the outcome measure in a research study.
independent
spurious
specious
dependent
30
According to Karl Marx, history is a series of
class struggles between capitalists and workers.
struggles between man and the environment.
class struggles between men and women.
struggles between religion and science.
31
_____ mobility is movement up or down a social class over one's lifetime.
Intragenerational
Achieved
Self-generated
Intergenerational
32
Which of the following terms refers to respect, recognition, or regard attached to social positions?
Mobility
Prestige
Wealth
Income
33
Harriet Martineau emphasized the importance of
overthrowing the patriarchy by co-opting its beliefs.
using sociological research to strengthen existing social order.
letting religious beliefs shape sociological research.
systematic data collection and objective data analysis
34
A society's specific rules of right and wrong behavior are called its
oaths.
symbols.
norms.
rituals.
35
Solomon Asch's experiment demonstrated the
power of groups over individuals even when the group is obviously wrong.
inability of some people in a group to conform to societal norms.
need to obey a superior's instructions when in a group.
effect of brainstorming among people in a group.
36
While _____ are formally defined, _____are often more informal.
taboos; laws
laws; folkways
folkways; mores
mores; values
37
A(n) _____ status is a social position that a person attains through personal effort or assumes voluntarily.
attributed
assigned
achieved
ascribed
38
Which of the following most accurately describes those individuals who are classified as working poor?
have mental/physical disabilities that make it hard for them to find work
skilled & semi-skilled laborers whose jobs require limited training
manual laborers, retail workers, and service workers
persistently poor and seldom employed, residentially segregated, & isolated
39
The term _____ refers to the norms, values, and expectations of society as a whole that affect a person's behavior.
socialization agent
generalized other
role model
significant other
40
Which of the following is true of the members of a primary group?
They usually have short-term relationships.
They usually have emotionally neutral conversations.
They are expected to adhere to rules.
They genuinely care about each other.

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