Byzantine Empire and Islam Test Review

Who was the first caliph after Muhammad's death?

What is the role of Jesus (‘Isa) in Islam?

What is the Hajj?

What action did a Western pope take during the icon controversy?

What was Justinian’s most famous building project?

What empire captured Constantinople in 1453?

Which of the following religions was not one of the major universalist faiths rising during Late Antiquity?

What is the significance of the Five Pillars of Islam?

Which of the following was NOT a strength of the Byzantine military?

What sparked the Nika Rebellion in 532 C.E.?

What was the result of the Battle of Manzikert in 1071?

Who was both Muhammad’s cousin and son-in-law?

How many times a day do Muslims pray (Salat)?

What was Emperor Justinian’s central goal for the Byzantine Empire?

How did the desert environment shape pre-Islamic Arabian life?

What was the capital of the Umayyad Caliphate?

What does “excommunication” mean?

Who delivered God’s message to Muhammad?

What was one of Emperor Justinian’s major political strategies?

What is the Arabic word for God in Islam?

What best describes the religious beliefs in Arabia before Islam?

What were Justinian’s military goals?

What is Islam’s stance on statues and images in mosques?

What does "caliph" mean?

What are Muslims forbidden to consume or do (haram)?

What do Sunni Muslims believe?

What helped Islam spread among conquered people?

What do Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have in common?

Why was Constantinople’s location ideal for trade and military strategy?

What geographic feature gave Constantinople strong defensive advantages?

Why were the Byzantine and Sasanid Empires vulnerable to Muslim armies?

What major event happened in 1054 regarding the Christian Church?

What was a key reason the early Islamic empire didn’t collapse under rapid growth?

What event followed Uthman’s assassination?

What is Almsgiving?

What is the Umma?

What was the Hijra?

What was a long-term effect of Justinian’s Code?

What cultural characteristic defined the Byzantine Empire?

Which three empires competed for control of the Eastern Mediterranean between the 4th and 8th centuries?

Which general led Justinian’s military campaigns?

What was the purpose of Justinian’s Code?

Who were the Sassanids’ main rivals during their reign?

Who was Theodora?

What major division occurred after Ali’s death?

What major intellectual period occurred under the Abbasids?

What capital city became a major cultural center during the Abbasid Caliphate?

Why did the Quraysh oppose Muhammad’s message?

Why did Emperor Leo III ban icons?

What key battle stopped Muslim expansion into Western Europe?