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RADR 2309 Final Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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RADR 2309 Final Exam Review
RADR 2309 Final Exam Review
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1
(Ch. 4) Which types of particulate radiation are given off when a radioisotope decays?
X-ray
Gamma
Alpha
Beta
2
(Ch. 9) Which of the following are correct?
Large filament 4.0 mm to 12.0 mm
Small filament 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm
Small filament 1.0 mm - 5.0 mm
Large filament 0.4 mm to 1.2 mm
3
(Ch. 4) What is the traditional unit for
Activity
?
Becquerel
Sievert
Curie
Gray
4
(Ch. 7) On what principle do AC induction motors operate?
Mutual-induction
Rectification
Direct current
Self-induction
5
(Ch. 6) Impedance is affected by:
Diameter of the conductor
All of the above
Conductive material
Temperature
6
(Ch. 10) An increase of which of the following will result in a decrease in x-ray quantity?
More than one, but not all of the above
Distance
mAs
kVp
7
(Ch. 4) What is the force of motion that causes an electron to rotate further away from an atom?
centripetal force
magnetic force
centrifugal force
gravitational force
8
(Ch. 1) Thomas Edison developed which of the following?
rotating anode
calcium tungstate intensifying screens
potter-bucky grid
natural radiation
9
(Ch. 8) What relationship do voltage and current have?
Committed
Inverse
Direct
Casual
10
(Ch. 6) What is the fourth electrostatic law?
Concentration
Movement
Distribution
Coulomb's Law
11
(Ch. 7) When the armature in a generator is at ______, it is at the peak of the sine wave or maximum voltage.
135 degrees
45 degrees
0 degrees
90 degrees
12
(Ch. 1) William D. Coolidge developed which of the following?
1st rotating anode
stationary grid
calcium tungstate intensifying screens
natural radiation
13
(Ch. 6) Current flow is demonstrated by using a sinusoidal waveform with the vertical and horizontal axis representing:
Frequency and wavelength
Amplitude and time
Period and energy
Velocity and intensity
14
(Ch .8) What does a rectifier do?
Increase amperage
Convert AC to DC
Convert DC to AC
Increase voltage
15
(Ch. 6) CMOS is classified as a semiconductor with what advantages?
Less power consumption
Higher speed and less noise
Unlimited pixel size
Better fill factor
16
(Ch. 1) What are the 3 forms of natural radiation?
alpha
gamma
beta
x-rays
17
(Ch. 7) What are the Laws of Magnetism?
Repulsion -Attraction, Magnetic Poles, Inverse Square Law
Direct Square Law, Coulomb's Law, Repulsion-Attraction
Faraday's Law, Lenz's Law, Oersted's Law
Ohm's Law, Faraday's Law, Oersted's Law
18
(Ch. 1) Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen discovered x-rays on:
September 10, 1892
November 16, 1880
November 12, 1910
November 8, 1895
19
(Ch. 4) Which of the valence numbers that are issued for insulators is the least effective?
+1
-1
-3
0
20
(Ch. 5) How are frequency and wavelength related?
low frequency = long wavelength
high frequency = long wavelength
low frequency = short wavelegth
high frequency = short wavelength
21
(Ch. 4) How many half-lives will it take for a radioisotope to decay 25% of its original activity?
3
1
4
2
22
(Ch. 5) Where do gamma rays and x-rays originate from?
electrons and space
alpha and beta emission
nucleus and electron orbits
space and nucleus
23
(Ch. 10) The energies of individual x-ray photons is known as:
keV
mAs
kVp
Intensity
24
(Ch. 1) When did Wilhelm Roentgen receive his first Nobel Prize in Physics?
1913
1921
1901
1896
25
(Ch. 7) An electromagnetic field can be induced in a conductor by:
moving a magnet near a stationary conductor
moving a conductor near a stationary magnet
none of the above
a stationary conductor & generate a magnetic field w/ stationary AC
26
(Ch. 4) What element has the symbol of W?
Antimony
Titanium
Yttrium
Tungsten
27
(Ch. 3) What is the correct formula for
Work
?
w = v2f
w = md
w = ma
w = fd
28
(Ch. 6) What is the resistance if the voltage is 200 V and the current is 10 A?
2
2,000
200
20
29
(Ch. 3) The SI unit of force is the Newton (N).
False
True
30
(Ch. 7) What are the two concepts that must be considered with all magnets?
Permeability and retentivity
Mutual and self-induction
Strength and velocity
Stator and rotor
31
(Ch. 10) Characteristic radiation is produced when:
electrons are stopped in the cathode
a vacancy in an electron orbit is filled
electrons are stopped in the anode
a vacancy in the nucleus is filled
32
(Ch. 5) Velocity remains constant whether it is in wave or particle form. Which do NOT represent velocity?
3x10^-8 miles/s
186,000 miles/s
3x10^8 meters/s
156,000 miles/s
33
(Ch. 3) Energy can be both created and destroyed.
False
True
34
(Ch. 6) In a(an) ______, electrons move freely with some resistance.
Semi-conductor
Insulator
Conductor
Superconductor
35
(Ch. 9) Regulations require that leakage radiation through the tube housing is:
more than 100R/h at one meter from the tube.
more than 100mR/h at one meter from the tube.
less than 100R/h at one meter from the tube.
less than 100mR/h at one meter from the tube.
36
(Ch. 8) What type of transformer is the most effective in radiography equipment?
Shell type
Closed core
Air core
Open core
37
(Ch. 4) Which electron shell has the lowest binding energy?
Q
L
M
K
38
(Ch. 7) Name the magnets from strongest to weakest:
ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, diamagnetic, nonmagnetic
ferromagnetic, diamagnetic, paramagnetic, nonmagnetic
daramagnetic, ferromagnetic, diamagnetic, nonmagnetic
diamagnetic, ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, nonmagnetic
39
(Ch .7) What type of technical factors do capacitor discharge generators (AKA: falling load generators) utilize?
Short SID
Low mA and extended time
High mA and short time
Low kVp
40
(Ch. 3) Formula for velocity (speed) is:
v = d/t
v = dt
v = 1/2mv2
V = fd
41
(Ch. 5) Which of the following statements is NOT true?
Velocity is the height of each wavelength.
Period is the time required to complete one cycle.
Frequency is the number of cycles per second.
Wavelength is the distance from one crest to another.
42
(Ch. 4) Thomson discovered the first part of the atom, which was the:
Electron
Proton
Neutron
Nucleon
43
(Ch. 3) The fundamental quantities for the British sytem are:
mass-kilogram
mass-pound
time-second
length-foot
44
(Ch. 9) All of these are causes for tube failure
except:
Pitting of anode
Warped ball bearings
Capacitor discharge
Vaporization
45
(Ch. 5) When high frequency EM radiation interacts with matter, it behaves more like a:
wave than a particle
particle than a wave
46
(Ch. 8) Where are the rectifiers located?
Bucky
Primary / Low voltage circuit
Secondary / High voltage circuit
Filament circuit
47
(Ch. 10) HVL is defined as the amount of material required to ____ the x-ray beam intensity to 1/2 its original value.
HLV has no effect on intensity
Increase
Reduce
Maintain
48
(Ch. 3) Newton's laws of motion in order are:
inertia, force, action=reaction
inertia, action=reaction, force
force, inertia, action=reaction
action=reaction, inertia, force
49
(Ch. 3) Mass remains constant even if gravitational force changes.
False
True
50
(Ch. 9) Tungsten-rhenium alloys have a melting point of 3,000 degrees Celsius.
False
True
51
(Ch. 6) Semiconductors include materials such as:
Wood and silver
Silver and silicon
Copper and silicon
Germanium and silicon
52
(Ch. 6) Ohm's Law includes which of the following variations?
V = I x R
R = I/V
I = V/R
R = V/I
53
(Ch. 8) What type of current do transformers utilize?
Ocean
Wind
DC
AC
54
(Ch. 9) The space charge effect limits x-ray tubes to maximum mA ranges of:
2,000 to 3,000
500 to 1,000
4,000 to 6,000
None of the above
55
(Ch. 5) The three sine wave parameters used in the wave formula include all of the following except:
velocity
frequency
wavelength
energy
56
(Ch. 4) What's the maximum number of electrons in an atom in the 4th shell (assuming it's not the valence shell)?
36
32
50
18
57
(Ch. 7) An electric generator converts:
electrical energy into mechanical energy
potential energy into mechanical energy
mechanical energy into electrical energy
electrical energy into potential energy
58
(Ch. 9) What are the HU produced for 3 exposures of the knee with a 3-phase unit at 75 kVp, 50 mA, and 0.1 seconds?
1519
1600
5191
195
59
(Ch. 1) Who discovered natural radioactivity in 1896?
William D Coolidge
Thomas Edison
William Rollins
Antoine Henri Becquerel
60
(Ch. 8) Autotransformers work on the principle of:
mutual-induction
force induction
heat induction
self-induction
61
(Ch. 7) Which of the following materials are ferromagnetic?
Platinum
Cobalt
Copper
Lead
62
(Ch. 9) Molybdenum is used in the shaft to connect the anode to rotor because it is a:
more dense metal with low melting point
less dense metal with high melting point
less dense metal with low melting point
more dense metal with high melting point
63
(Ch. 8) How long are electric backup timers set for?
1.5 times the expected exposure
2.75 times the expected exposure time
2.5 times the expected exposure time
twice the expected exposure
64
(Ch. 8) What is the most efficient generator for voltage ripple?
High frequency
Single phase
3 phase, 12 pulse
3 phase, 6 pulse
65
(Ch. 10) The Bremstrahlung process produces x-rays when:
a vacancy in an electron orbit is filled
a vacancy in the nucleus is filled
projectile electrons are stopped in the cathode
projectile electrons are slowed down and change direction in the anode
66
(Ch. 5) Vibrations consisting of electric and magnetic fields that travel at the speed of light are called:
power
inertia
electromagnetic radiation
velocity and magnetism
67
(Ch. 9) All of these are advantages of a metal envelope
except
:
Reduction of off-focus radiation
Prolongs tube life
Cools the envelope
Eliminates evaporization
68
(Ch. 8) Which of the following accurately describe a rheostat (variable resistor)?
Varies current resistance
kVp selector
mA selector
Varies voltage resistance
69
(Ch. 6) Find the total resistance in a series circuit with 20 A flowing, resistor 1 has 40 V and resistor 2 has 10 V:
2.5 R
1.5 R
4.5 R
3.5 R
70
(Ch. 1) Effects of radiation included all of the following except:
dermatitis
erythema
malignant tumors
tuberculosis
71
(Ch. 10) What two interactions produce x-rays in the anode?
Bremstrahlung
Photoelectric
Characteristic
Compton Scatter
72
(Ch. 3) The SI unit for mass is:
Newton
C/Kg
Joules
Kilogram
73
(Ch. 10) What is the effect on QUANTITY as the FILTRATION increases?
Increases
Decreases
Filtration has no effect on x-ray quantity
No change
74
(Ch. 1) The cardinal rules of radiation protection include:
energy
distance
shielding
time
75
(Ch. 9) The focusing cup in the x ray tube is made of:
Nickel - slightly negative
Tungsten - slightly positive
Nickel - slightly positive
Thorium - slightly negative
76
(Ch. 3) Inertia is the property of an object that resists changes in motion.
True
False
77
(Ch. 7) What is Lenz's Law?
A magnetic field generates an electric current
An electric current creates a magnetic field
EMF generates a current that induces a magnetic field that opposes it
None of the above
78
(Ch. 6) What is the voltage in a circuit if the current is 300 A and a resistance of 4 Ω?
120,000 V
12.12 V
120 v
1,200 V
79
(Ch. 5) EM has a dual nature. Choose the characteristics that are accurate in describing each one:
Particle: photon
Particle: quanta
Wave: definite frequency, period, and wavelength
Wave: short and long wavelength
80
(Ch. 4) Elements that have the same everything with the exception of a difference in energies are called:
Isotopes
Isomers
Isotones
Isobars
81
(Ch. 10) Which of the following affect the intensity of an x-ray spectrum? 1. mAs 2. kVp 3. distance 4. filtration
Three of the above
All of the above
Two of the above
One of the above
82
(Ch. 5) Which of the following are types of EM radiation capable of ionizing?
infrared radiation
gamma rays
More than one, but not all
ultraviolet radiation ( 8 eV)
83
(Ch .8) If there are more turns on the secondary coil of a transformer, how would this affect the voltage/amperage?
voltage decreases / amperage decreases
voltage decreases / amperage increases
voltage increases / amperage increases
voltage increases / amperage decreases
84
(Ch. 5) Which of the following correspond to Planck's formula?
E = hf
h = E/f
All the above
4.15 x 10 ^ -15 eVs
85
(Ch. 10) The x-ray tube filtration removes which of the following?
Low energy x-ray photons
Low energy electrons
High energy electrons
High energy x-ray photons
86
(Ch. 3) Kinetic Energy is a form of:
thermal energy
mechanical energy
chemical energy
potential energy
87
(Ch. 9) Average anode rotation speeds in a diagnostic x ray tube are
2,000 to 8,000 RPM
1,000 to 12,000 RPM
25 to 1,000 RPM
3,000 to 10,000 RPM
88
(Ch. 1) Who was the first human fatality from x-rays?
Wilhelm Roentgen
Clarence Dally
Thomas Edison
Anna Bertha Roentgen
89
(Ch. 1) What year did Hollis Potter develop the moving grid?
1913
1920
1921
1915
90
(Ch. 10) If soft tissue thickness increases from 4 cm to 8 cm, the intensity of the beam will change from ____ to ____.
75% to 50%
25% to 50%
50% to 75%
50% to 25%
