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AP Psychology Exam Review Flashcards | StudBud
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AP Psychology Exam Review
AP Psychology Exam Review
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Edited for length, and to correct a couple of errors.
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1
Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory has been criticized for being...
Based on large groups, not individual cases.
Appropriate for only female patients.
Too applicable for research settings.
Unscientific and unverifiable
2
Which of the following neurotransmitters allows you to have control over your muscles?
Acetylcholine
Thorazine
Serotonin
Dopamine
3
Which kind of therapist is most likely to analyze a client's dreams?
Cognitive
Humanistic
Psychoanalytic
Behaviorist
4
Agonists are psychoactive drugs that...
Produce tolerance to the drug without withdrawal symptoms.
Enhance the effects of certain opiates like heroin.
Mimic the same effects as certain neurotransmitters.
Mimic neurotransmitters and block their receptor sites.
5
According to Erikson's theory, adolescents are primarily concerned in a search for...?
Identity
Career
Autonomy
Affection
6
Which statement about bulimia is most clearly true?
All bulimics use vomiting to rid their bodies of calories.
Bulimics tend to be overly concerned with their body image.
Bulimics lose in excess of 15 percent of their body weight.
The main cause of bulimia is society's emphasis on thinness.
7
Which is NOT one of the big five personality traits?
Extraversion
Agreeableness
Honesty
Openness
8
Redirecting unacceptable urges into more acceptable pursuits defines which defense mechanism?
Rationalization
Denial
Regression
Sublimation
9
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Practical
Linguistic
Musical
Spatial
10
On a second date, Megan tells Francisco that she loves to watch Rugrats. This is called...?
Deindividuation
Open communication
In-group bias
Self-disclosure
11
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Linguistic skills decline with age.
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
12
A therapist who uses whatever perspective "works best" for the patient is described as...
Humanist
Social-cultural
Eclectic
Functionalist
13
Parental involvement can have dramatic effects on all of the following human traits, EXCEPT...?
Intelligence
Motor development
Self-esteem
Reading ability
14
Weber's Law determines...
Level of subliminal messages
Amplitude of sound waves
Absolute threshold
Just-noticeable difference
15
Generating alternate hypotheses to explain a phenomenon demonstrates which Piagetian stage?
Abstract reasoning
Formal operations
Syllogistic
Operational
16
Which of the following best describes the relationship between sensation and perception?
Sensation is mechanical, while perception is cognitive.
Perception is an advanced form of sensation.
Sensation is in the senses while perception is in the brain.
Sensation detects stimuli, perception interprets stimuli.
17
In most people, which of the following is a specific function of the left hemisphere?
Spatial reasoning
Producing speech
Abstract reasoning
Control of the left hand
18
In the Milgram studies, the dependent measure was...?
The number of people in the group.
The instructions given by the experimenter.
The highest level of shock supposedly administered.
The location of the learner.
19
Paralysis of the left arm might be explained by a problem in the...
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the occipital lobe in the right hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the parietal lobe in the left hemisphere.
Motor cortex in the frontal lobe of the right hemisphere.
20
Which neurotransmitter is affected by opiates?
Serotonin
GABA
Dopamine
Endorphins
21
In which stage of cognitive development do infants learn object permanence?
Pre-operational
Sensorimotor
Formal Operations
Conventional
22
Which of the following concepts is most integral to Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory?
Behaviorism
The unconscious mind
Gestalt Theory
Structuralism
23
Behaviorists explain human thought and behavior as a result of...
Past conditioning
Unconscious behavioral impulses
Biological processes
Individual choice
24
A negative side-effect of ECT is...
Memory loss
Hallucinations
Hysteria
Tardive dyskinesia
25
The symptom most suggestive of schizophrenia is...
Compulsions
Multiple personalities
Hallucinations
Depression
26
Gate-Control Theory refers to...
Which pain messages are perceived.
How our minds use either bottom-up or top-down processing.
Blocking sound waves, causing some waves to be undetected.
Which sensory impulses are transmitted first.
27
If you only had sight in one eye, which of the following depth cues could you NOT use?
Linear perspective
Retinal disparity
Interposition
Texture gradient
28
Schizophrenia is most likely to be treated with...?
Valium
Haldol
Prozac
Lithium
29
Who is credited with creating client-centered therapy?
Aaron Beck
Carl Rogers
Albert Ellis
Fritz Perls
30
Someone who has an external locus of control is likely to have...
A positive self-concept.
A strong libido.
A high sense of self-efficacy.
A belief in luck.
31
Which process involves counterconditioning?
Systematic desensitization
Somatic therapy
ECT
Transference
32
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
33
Wilhelm Wundt used a research methodology called...?
Naturalistic observation
Structuralism
Introspection
Inferential
34
Which brain scans should be used when studying connections between stimuli and brain processes?
EKG and CAT
MRI and CAT
CAT and EKG
PET and fMRI
35
Which of the following is an example of random sampling?
Picking out of a hat to assign subjects to a condition.
Flipping a coin to assign students to two different tests.
Having a computer generate a random list of 100 students.
Approaching any 50 students during 6th-period lunch.
36
Sandy scores a perfect 100 on a test everyone else fails. Graphically, the data would be...
Normal
A straight line
Positively skewed
Negatively skewed
37
Which of the following psychologists might have described himself as a humanist?
Abraham Maslow
B.F. Skinner
John Watson
Ivan Pavlov
38
Perceived control over a stressful event results in...
More frustration regarding the stressful event.
More motivation to solve the stressful problem.
Less reported stress.
Increased arousal.
39
Which of the following are reasons why intrinsic motivation might be better than extrinsic?
Intrinsic is easier and more convenient to provide.
Intrinsic is more effective with a wider range of people.
Intrinsic is higher on Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
Intrinsic might be more enduring.
40
"Brain plasticity" refers to...
The surface texture of the cerebral cortex.
The brain's ability to regrow damaged neurons.
New connections forming to take over for damaged sections.
Our adaptability to different problems.
41
According to research, the most advantageous parenting style for children's development is...
Authoritarian, because children learn boundaries quickly.
Authoritative, because children have justifiable boundaries.
Securely attached, because parents will meet all needs.
Permissive, because children need to explore.
42
Juan hears voices that tell him to kill people. Juan is experiencing...
Hallucinations
Delusions
Compulsions
Obsessions
43
The information-processing theory states that dreams...
Occur only after stressful events.
Are representations of the information we encode daily.
Occur as the brain deals with daily events during REM sleep.
Are by-products of how our brain processes information.
44
Antidepressant drugs of the SSRI class affect which type of neurotransmitter?
Adrenaline
Acetylcholine
Serotonin
Endorphins
45
The balanced physiological state we are driven to attain by satisfying our needs is called...?
Primary satisfaction
Homeostasis
Equilibrium
Self-actualization
46
Psychologists who draw from several different theoretical perspectives are known as...?
Mixed
Flexible
Open-minded
Eclectic
47
Which sentence most accurately describes sensory memory?
Encodes only sensations we are currently attending to.
Records all incoming sensations, remembering them forever.
Perfectly stores all sensory input for a limited time.
Decides which memories to encode in long-term memory.
48
Paul takes a test in the army to see if he would make a good pilot. Such a test is a(n)...?
Standardized test
Intelligence test
Achievement test
Aptitude test
49
Schachter's theory states what about the relationship between emotion & physiological reaction?
Physiological reactions and emotions occur simultaneously.
Emotions are caused simply by physiological reactions.
A combination of reactions & interpretation causes emotions.
Physiological reactions are caused simply by emotions.
50
Which of the following is most likely to reduce hostility between antagonistic groups?
Punish the groups whenever they treat each other badly.
Encourage them to avoid each other as much as possible.
Give groups a task that must be solved by working together.
Force the groups to spend a lot of time together.
51
Which aspects of hunger are controlled by the lateral and ventromedial hypothalamus?
Contraction and expansion of the stomach.
Body temperature and desire to eat.
The desire to eat and the feeling of fullness.
The binge and purge cycle in bulimics.
52
Which reinforcement schedule would most quickly teach a cat to jump through a hoop?
Continuous
Fixed Ratio
Variable Ratio
Fixed Interval
53
One of your classmates remarks that "Ryan is all id." What does she likely mean?
Ryan uses a lot of defense mechanisms.
Ryan is a perfectionist.
Ryan is a highly-ethical person.
Ryan frequently pursues immediate gratification.
54
Which of the following is the best example of prejudice?
Billy won't let girls play on his hockey team.
Ginny thinks all Asians are smart.
Santiago dislikes cheerleaders.
Mr. Tamp calls on boys more often than girls.
55
According to Noam Chomsky, language is acquired...
Using an inborn ability to learn language.
Only if instruction is provided in the native language.
By parents reinforcing correct language use.
Best in the language and culture native to the family.
56
Which concept from memory directly contradicts the belief that humans never forget anything?
Sensory Memory
Constructive Memory
Recovered Memory
Selective Attention
57
Psychologists prefer the experimental method to other research methods because...
Experiments result in statistically significant findings.
It is easier to obtain a random sample.
Experiments are more likely to support hypotheses.
Experiments can show cause-effect relationships.
58
The principal difference between a longitudinal study and a cross-sectional study is...
The time span of the study.
The developmental stage of the participants.
The statistical methods employed to evaluate the data.
The number of participants involved.
59
One of the principal differences between ethical guidelines for human and animal research is...
Conditions for humans must be monitored more closely.
Animals can be placed at much greater risk than humans.
Humans can be deceived for experimental purposes.
Humans must be chosen much more carefully than animals.
60
If a test is reliable, it means that...
It is given in the same way every time.
It tests what it is supposed to test.
It yields consistent results.
It is also valid.
61
Phonemes and morphemes refer to...
Two types of influences language has on thought.
Elements of telegraphic speech toddlers use.
Basic elements of memories stored in long-term memory.
Elements of language.
62
Blindness could result from damage to which cortex and lobe of the brain?
Visual cortex in the frontal lobe.
Cerebral cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the occipital lobe.
Visual cortex in the temporal lobe.
63
The cochlea is responsible for...
Transmitting vibrations to the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.
Protecting the surface of the eye.
Transforming vibrations into neural signals.
Sending messages to the brain about the body's orientation.
64
To establish behaviorism as a paradigm of psychology, John Watson relied on the work of...?
Wilhelm Wundt
B.F. Skinner
Ivan Pavlov
Sigmund Freud
65
Which of the following is an example of positive reinforcement?
Depriving a prison inmate of sleep.
Buying a child a video game after she throws a tantrum.
Assigning a student a detention for fighting.
Going inside to escape a thunderstorm.
