What is the Octet Rule?

Atoms in compounds work to gain 8 valence e- (or multiples!)

Where do you find the largest atoms on the periodic table? The smallest?

Largest: bottom left Smallest: top right

What happens to the electrons in metallic atoms?

Electrons are "pooled" so that they can flow between atoms.

How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?

Subtract the atomic number from the mass number

What is electronegativity?

The tendency of an atom to "hold tight" to its electrons

Why does the chlorine "pull" on the shared electrons more than the hydrogen?

Because it has a higher electronegativity, meaning it can attract e- better

What does a chemical formula tell you?

The elements in a compound + how many atoms of each element

What things to you need to know in order to draw a picture of an atom?

# protons, # neutrons, # shells, # e-, #val e-, # core e-

What is the main organizer of the periodic table?

Atomic number: from smallest to biggest

What does the pattern in the periods of the Periodic Table indicate?

A pattern of compounds formed by each element in that period

How do you know the atom in the picture is a noble gas?

Because it has 8 valence e- which shows it cannot make bonds

What happens to the electrons in an ionic bond?

The electrons are transferred from one atom to another ("stolen!")

What separates the metals from the non-metals?

A "staircase" on the right side

What pattern is repeated in every period of the Periodic Table?

Cl, Cl2, Cl3, H4, H3, H2, H, non-reactive

Is this a covalent or an ionic bond? How do you know?

Covalent: it is made of non-metals

What is ionization energy?

The energy needed to remove electrons

How is a cation formed?

Val e- are lost until the atom has a noble gas configuration

What do elements in the same group have in common?

Similar properties/reactivity, and the same # of valence e-

What happens to the electrons in a covalent bond?

The electrons are shared between atoms

How do you know from this picture that oxygen is very reactive?

Because it has two places to make bonds

How does an ion get created?

Electrons must be added or lost.

Where are the metals located on the periodic table? The non-metals?

Metals-left side and middle Non-metals-right and top right

How do you know the number of protons in an atom?

It's the same as the atomic number

How is an anion formed?

Valence e- are gained until the element is like a noble gas

What does the average atomic mass (mass number) tell you?

How many protons and neutrons an element has

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Unit 3 Quiz: Per Table and Bonding

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Periodic Table Basics

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Questions 49

Answers

1
This Lewis Dot structure describes which compound?
oxygen
methane
table salt
water
2
An example of an ionic bond would be:
copper nitrate Cu(NO3)2
water H2O
Methane CH4
Silver Ag
3
How many valence electrons does nitrogen (N) want to GAIN to be like a noble gas?
3
5
4
8
4
How many carbon and hydrogen in methane (CH₄)?
2 H, 2 C
4 H, 1 C
1 H, 4 C
1 H, 2 Ox
5
What kind of ion is the magnesium ion?
A cation
An anion
A regular ion
A two ion
6
What is the Octet Rule?
Atoms in compounds work to gain 8 valence e- (or multiples!)
Atoms have 8 sticks, like an octopus
8 is a magic number
Atoms need to have 8 atoms to make a compound.
7
When one atom in a compound "pulls" on the electrons more than the other atoms, what is it called?
ionic
nonpolar
metallic
polar covalent
8
Where do you find the largest atoms on the periodic table? The smallest?
Largest: Right side, group 1. Smallest: In the middle
Largest: Bottom row only Smallest: top row only
Largest: bottom left Smallest: top right
Largest: top right. Smallest: bottom left
9
Elements in the same group share:
All of the above are true!
similar properties
same number of valence electrons
similar reactivities
10
What happens to the electrons in metallic atoms?
Electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
Electrons are "pooled" so that they can flow between atoms.
Electrons are shared between atoms.
Electrons are removed.
11
How can you calculate the number of neutrons in an atom?
Use the atomic number
It's always the same as the # of protons
Count the number of electrons
Subtract the atomic number from the mass number
12
What creates the bond between atoms?
Protons
Neutrons
A small stick
Electrons
13
What are the elements that touch the staircase called?
metalloids or semi-metals
alkali earth metals
transition metals
halogens
14
What is electronegativity?
The tendency of an atom to "hold tight" to its electrons
The positive charge on an atom
The negative charge on an atom
The energy needed to remove an electron from an atom
15
In a Lewis Dot Structure, atoms from Group 3 would have how many dots?
5
3
0
8
16
Why does the chlorine "pull" on the shared electrons more than the hydrogen?
Because it has more neutrons
Because it has a larger radius
Because it has a higher electronegativity, meaning it can attract e- better
Because it has more ions
17
What is unique about noble gases?
They are all in Group 8
They all are non-reactive
They all have 8 valence electrons (except He, which has 2)
All answers are correct
18
What does a chemical formula tell you?
How to draw a molecule
The elements in a compound + how many atoms of each element
What properties a compound has
The way atoms are put together
19
What things to you need to know in order to draw a picture of an atom?
# protons and # neutrons only
# protons, # neutrons, # shells, # e-, #val e-, # core e-
protons, neutrons, shells, nucleus, ions, cations, anions.
# electrons, # val e-, # core e-
20
What is the main organizer of the periodic table?
Atomic mass: from biggest to smallest
When each element was discovered
They are listed alphabetically
Atomic number: from smallest to biggest
21
What does the pattern in the periods of the Periodic Table indicate?
It shows 3 chlorine and 4 hydrogen
It shows the number of valence electrons
It shows how many shells are in each atom
A pattern of compounds formed by each element in that period
22
How many hydrogens does Nitrogen want in order to make a compound?
3
0
8
5
23
How do you know the atom in the picture is a noble gas?
Because it has 8 valence e- which shows it cannot make bonds
Because it has 4 electrons
Because it starts with a capital R
Because it is very reactive
24
What happens to the electrons in an ionic bond?
The electrons are transferred from one atom to another ("stolen!")
The electrons are "pooled" and allowed to flow
The electrons are removed.
The electrons are shared between atoms
25
What separates the metals from the non-metals?
The lanthanides and actinides
A "staircase" on the right side
The transition metals
The noble gases
26
What pattern is repeated in every period of the Periodic Table?
Cl, Cl2, Cl3, Cl4, H3, H2, H1, H0
Cl, Cl2, Cl3, Cl4, H5, H6, H7, H8
Cl, Cl2, Cl3, H4, H5, H6, H7,, non-reactive
Cl, Cl2, Cl3, H4, H3, H2, H, non-reactive
27
Is this a covalent or an ionic bond? How do you know?
Covalent: it is made of a non-metal and two metals
Ionic: it is made of non-metals
Covalent: it is made of non-metals
Ionic: it is made of a non-metal and two metals
28
An example of a covalent bond would be:
copper nitrate Cu(NO3)2
table salt NaCl
Cu (s) solid copper
water CH4
29
What is ionization energy?
How strongly an atom "holds tight" to its electrons
The size of an atom
The number of electrons in the outermost shell
The energy needed to remove electrons
30
What do elements in the same period have in common?
Similar properties
Same number of valence electrons
Same number of shells
Same reactivity
31
How is a cation formed?
Valence electrons must be gained.
Val e- are gained til the atom has a noble gas configuration
Valence electrons must be lost.
Val e- are lost until the atom has a noble gas configuration
32
Complete the sentence: covalent bonds are always between:
metalloids
metals and non-metals
non-metals
metals
33
An example of a metallic bond would be:
copper nitrate Cu(NO3)2
A gold ring (Au)
table salt (NaCl)
water (H2O)
34
What do elements in the same group have in common?
Same number of shells
Similar properties/reactivity, and the same # of valence e-
Same compounds formed
Same chemical reactions
35
What happens to the electrons in a covalent bond?
The electrons are "pooled" so that they can flow.
The electrons are transferred from one atom to another ("stolen!")
The electrons are removed.
The electrons are shared between atoms
36
Which compound is ionic and which is covalent?
H2O is ionic, NaCl is covalent
MgO is ionic, CCl4 is covalent
AgNO3 is covalent, CH4 is ionic
CuSO4 is covalent, O2 is ionic
37
Complete the sentence: Ionic bonds are always between:
non-metal atoms
metal atoms
metalloids
metal and non-metal atoms
38
How do you know from this picture that oxygen is very reactive?
Because it has 6 protons
Because it reacts with water
Because it has two lone pairs
Because it has two places to make bonds
39
Which element has the larger atomic radius (has more volume), beryllium or potassium?
Beryllium
They have the same sized radius
They don't have any radius.
Potassium
40
How does an ion get created?
Neutrons are added or lost
Protons are added or lost
Shells are added or lost
Electrons must be added or lost.
41
Which element has 3 valence electrons?
Aluminum
Astitine
Arsenic
Au, Gold
42
What atomic particle has the Power to determine what element the atom is?
Electron
Proton
Ion
Neutron
43
Where are the metals located on the periodic table? The non-metals?
Metals-left side and middle Non-metals-right and top right
Metals-middle Non-metals top right side only
Metals-right side Non-metals-left side
Metals- middle Non-metals-left side
44
You have an ion of magnesium. What is its charge?
-2
+2
+1
+12
45
How do you know the number of protons in an atom?
It's the same as the atomic number
It's the same as the average atomic mass
It's the same as the mass number
It's the same as the neutrons
46
How is an anion formed?
Valence e- are gained until the element is like a noble gas
Valence electrons must be lost.
Valence electrons must be gained.
Valence e- are lost until the element is like a noble gas
47
What does the average atomic mass (mass number) tell you?
How many protons an element has
How many electrons an element has
How many protons and neutrons an element has
How the charge on the ion will change
48
What is the charge on an electron?
negative
neutral
sometimes positive, sometimes negative
positive
49
What are the three particles that make up an atom?
protons, neutrons, ions
Neutrons, electrons, ions
protons, neutrons, electrons
Ions, electrons, photons

Unit 3 Quiz: Per Table and Bonding Flashcards | StudBud