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MMCC Terminology Flashcards | StudBud
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MMCC Terminology
MMCC Terminology
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1
Whole Interval Count
Record the number of times an event occurs during an interval
Not counting intervals by halves or quarters
Record when the behavior occurs during the whole interval
Counting for a whole minute
2
Stimulus
When you can't remember peoples' names
Sequence of responses based on an antecedent
Anything that can trigger a physical or behavioral change
Measurable time or frequency of a bevahior
3
S-Delta
The stimulus in the presence of which the behavior is not reinforced
A math term that no one understands
Part of the Mississippi Delta
Subgroup of delta blues
4
Reinforcement
Stimulus that follows a response to increase future probability of behavior
The learner only likes you when you feed them
Behavior following the presentation of a non preferred task
Learner is unable to preform a skill at all
5
Backward Chaining
A counting procedure for recalling numbers in reverse order
A procedure for having a student do the alphabet backwards
Teaching begins with the last link in the behavior chain
Teaching an entire task backwards all at once
6
Applied Behavior Analysis
Applying to jobs where you get analyzed
The graphing of different behaviors
A scientific approach to understanding behavior
Being able to take one skill and apply it to different settings
7
Baseline
The line where the pitcher stands in a baseball game
The amount of time in between target behaviors
A sequence of responses related to a task
A sampling of behavior or skill without implementation of teaching
8
Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI)
Different types of things people like to work for
Reinforcing only things that a student is already doing
Reinforcement is delivered for occurence of imcompatible response
Otherwise known as punishment
9
Intermittent Reinforcement
Getting food every time you're bored
Reinforcing a specific behavior some of the time, but not all of the time
Giving reinforcement for no correct behaviors
The easiest level of reinforcement to fade
10
Skill Acquisition
Teaching and maintaining new skills to help the learner be more independent
Buying an instruction manual online but never reading it
Learning only new materials and not remembering the old ones
Being born with an ability
11
Skill Deficit
Presentation of a task after teaching a new skill
The learner is unable to perform skill even with changes to reinforcement
An area of knowledge for athletes
Estimated amount of time it takes a student to learn a skill
12
Incidental Teaching
Provide structured learning opportunities in the natural environment
Teaching only occurs during behavior incidents
Teaching that only occurs at a desk
Teaching only when a students asks to learn something
13
Forward Chaining
Teaching only the last step in a task analysis
Moving forward with new teaching procedures when a student is struggling
Teaching begins in the first link of the chain
Teaching how to march along a chain link fence
14
Intraverbal
Talking only to people you like
The speaker responds to another's verbal behavior
Not being able to talk to other people
Repeating something you heard played on TV
15
Duration
The decrease of a behavior
A form of response to riding for too long in the car
A stimulus change due to reaction
The exact amount of time a behavior occurs
16
Punishment
Taking away a kid's Xbox when he doesn't even like it
An example is taking Johnny out for ice cream
Stimlus change following behavior resulting in decrease of future behavior
Every time you tell someone that they've done something bad
17
Behavior
The end time of a movie
The start and end of a play
Any measurable movement in space and time that an organism does
The start time of any undesired targets
18
Total Task Chaining
Teaching is provided for every link in the chain during every session
Only teaching things that have 100 steps
When you chain a student to a work station
Only teaching the last 2 steps of a task analysis
19
Extinction
Giving reinforcement for all behaviors all the time
Withholding R+ from previously R+ beh. to decrease it from happening future
The loss of animals in their natural enviroment
What happened when the dinosaurs died
20
Shaping
Teach a new behavior by R+ successive approximations to the target behavior
Molding young minds
Exercising with your student to get them in shape
Teaching someone to be a better person
21
Antecedent Intervention
A schedule of reinforcement
The behavior that follows a consequence
The relationship between a teacher and a student
Strategies to modify environments & conditions that happen before behavior
22
Negative Punishment
Removal of preferred activity
Sending an individual to timeout
Telling someone they have been bad
A behavior is followed by termination of stimulus
23
Errorless Teaching
A learning technique where mistakes are made to increase ability
A teaching strategy where learner already knows material, no mistakes
Teaching strategies used to teach a skill where no mistakes will be made
Less errors, more problems
24
Most to Least Prompting
Doing the opposite of what someone asks you to do
Letting your student do whatver they want
Prompting only the hard parts of an activity
Providing progressively less intrusive prompts as learner increases skill
25
Generalization
Behavior only occurs in one setting
Behavior only occurs with one person
Behavior only occurs during one time of day
Behavior or skill occurs across settings, people and time correctly
26
Positive Punishment
Not using punishment at all
Telling someone to smile while you slap their wrists
A behavior is followed by the presentation of a stimlus - occurs less
Getting something you really like when you misbehave
27
Task Analysis
Only doing the steps you want to do for a task
Analyzing the consequence of completing a task
A step-by-step list of actions necessary to complete a specific behavior
Wondering why you are doing every step of a task
28
Relative Occurence
Occurence where your relatives come over
Measuring the duration of a behavior in exact minutes and seconds
Every time a behavior doesn't occur during an interval
Estimated length of time a behavior occurs within an interval
29
Stimulus Control
The observable amount of control a behavior has over a stimulus
B.F Skinner's remote for controlling behavior
A behavior is triggered by the presence or absence of some stimulus
What happens when a behavior is not reinforced enough
30
Contingencies
A skill that is observed
An amount of time between a behavior and a consequence
The presence of a stimulus
The relation between behavior and its antecedent and consequence
31
Performance Deficit
Process of withholding reinforcement
Instructor bonding with a student
Ability of a learner to perform a skill independently but not consistently
Procedure used to test whether or not you can perform on stage
32
Tact
Recording of when a behavior occurs
Stimulus that thinks it's really smart
When a new behavior occurs
Verbal behavior where individual labels things in enviroment
33
Inter Observer Agreement
The degree to which 2 or more observers report the same values after event
When you agree to disagree
When you observe and agree on watching the same movie
Writing an agreement between two people to get along
34
Preference Assessment
A list of everything someone hates
An assessment of all academic work someone really enjoys doing
Conducted to identify potential reinforcers
Making assumptions about what a kid prefers given history
35
Automatic Reinforcement
A reinforcement schedule determined by the student
The response itself is a reinforcer
A measurable amount of reinforcement
Getting an automatic car because it's easier to drive
36
Mand
Request or demand created by motivating operation and specific R+
Teaching strategies used to avoid errors in learning
An event that you will remember forever
The withdrawl or termination of your favorite things
37
Discriminative Stimulus (S
d
)
Antecedent stimulus that has control over beh. b/c the beh. was once R+
A teaching method for the difference between items
When you you can't tell the difference between name brand and generic
Measuring system for the effectiveness of stimuli
38
Differential Reinforcement of Zero Rates of Behavior (DRO)
Reinforcement is delivered for the non-occurence of problem behavior
The frequency of which your car goes from 0 - 100
Delivering reinforcement on fixed ratio
Reinforcing all behavior
39
Extinction Burst
Bursting into the classroom ready to learn
A solar flare that killed all the dinosaurs
A burst of energy when teaching a new skill
Behavior will temporarily increase in intensity and/or frequency
40
Motivating Operation
The number of times you are motivated to fold your laundry
An event occuring after an antecedent but before the consequence
Completing a medical procedure with a positive likely outcome
The motivations that encourage or discourage certain behaviors
41
Partial Interval Count
Not knowing how to count
Recording when the behavior occured at any point during an interval
Only counting some behaviors during the interval
Counting parts of a pizza to share
42
Verbal Behavior
When you yell at someone to get what you want
Behavior that is reinforced through the mediation of a person's behavior
Any kind of behavior that you can talk about
Analysis of an individual's verbal language
43
Functional Behavior Assessment
A teaching strategy to increase them doing what you want them to do
Looking at all the tests a student has ever taken
All records for an individual regarding behavior that occurs
A process of identifying problem behavior in order to treat severe behavior
44
Discrete Trial Teaching
Teaching only while you whisper to your student
Teacher directed, massed trial instruction
Teaching discretely so nobody notices
Teaching in the natural enviroment
45
Antecedent
A change that happens before or after a behavior
The event/action that happens immediately before a behavior
The reinforcer for a behavior
Amount of time that it takes you to read all these questions
46
Functional Analysis
A method within Carl Jung's scope of psychology
Analyzing a student's progress in direct instruction
Method of identifying problematic behavior & where change can best begin
Analyzing the relationship one has with their parents
47
Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior
Replacement behaviors that occur with reinforcement
The amount of time it takes for new behaviors to occur
A schedule in which reinforcment is delievered for alternate behavior
The reinforcement of people who are really different
48
Consequence
An event that occurs before a behavior
A stimulus change that happens after the behavior of interest
Being delivered a gift for no reason
Inviting people over and then wanting them to leave
49
Momentary Time Sampling
Providing progressively less and less intrusive levels of prompting
A sample of behaviors that you really like performing
Teaching that happens when a timer goes off
Record when the behavior occurs at the exact observation time
50
Frequency
Process used to teach new behavior
The number of times a behavior occurs during an observation period
Assessment tool used to look at social skills
Behavior followed by someone you don't like
51
Behavior Chain
A chain made of funny videos that you forward to people
A behavior that is reinforced during a new task
A series of unfortunate events
A sequence of responses that are functionally linked to the same end R+
52
Positive Reinforcement
Behavior is followed by presentation of stimulus so it occurs more often
Giving someone what they want every time they do what you want
The number of times a good behavior occurs
Removal of something someone dislikes in order to increase behavior
53
Probe
Testing a skill/part of a skill to assess if it's already known
Assessing whether or not someone can hear you
Assuming someone already knows all skills
Putting your finger in your soup to see if it's warm
54
Negative Reinforcement
Shocking your student every time they get an answer wrong
Behavior is followed by addition of a stimulus
Taking away all the toys
Behavior is followed by removal or termination of stimulus - less often
55
Echoic
Listening to yourself talk
Repetition of preferred line from a movie/tv show
When a person verbally repeats what another person says
Providing a verbal prompt to complete an activity
56
Prompts
The student tells you what to do
Behavior stimuli that follows a consequence
Supplemental antecedent stimuli used to correct response
Text entered into a computer to preform a function
