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World Studies Review Part 2
World Studies Review Part 2
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1
The Cold War ended when
the Berlin Wall fell.
Mikhail Gorbachev was deposed by a military coup.
the Soviet Union collapsed.
Mikhail Gorbachev won the Nobel Peace Prize.
2
Soviets blocked land, rail, and water routes into West Berlin in 1948 in order to
put down a dangerous uprising in East Berlin.
keep Nazis from escaping the city.
force the West to leave Berlin.
topple Hitler from power.
3
What was Che Guevara’s main goal in Cuba?
to impose moderate democratic reforms
to impose radical land reform
to establish a Marxist regime
to industrialize the country in order to pump money into the economy
4
Hitler’s Final Solution included
concentration camps, death camps, and mobile killing units.
opening a second front in Western Europe.
deportation of European Jews.
less restrictive laws benefiting Germany’s Jewish population.
5
Under Augusto Pinochet
industrial and farm products dropped, prices rose, food shortages occurred.
the Chilean economy experienced periods of rapid growth.
the Brazilian economy grew rapidly.
everyone lived in fear of government-sponsored death squads.
6
Britain, France, and Israel attacked Egypt in October 1956 because Nasser
nationalized all personal property.
was threatening to expel all Jews from Egypt.
took control of the Suez Canal.
had created the Palestine Liberation Organization.
7
The graph titled “Europe’s Jewish Population” refers to which of the following?
The Jewish population of the United States decreased.
The Jewish population of Europe decreased by 6 million.
After the war the Jewish population of Europe increased by 3.5 million.
Before the war, fewer Jews lived in Europe than after the war.
8
With the development of nuclear weapons, the Soviet Union and the United States based their defense strategies on
the principle of deterrence.
a build-up of ground troops.
the policy of containment.
the space race.
9
The Kenyan struggle for independence was difficult because
white settlers feared they would lose valuable cash crops.
the French refused to give up control of any of their African colonies.
Nelson Mandela had to lead the independence movement from prison.
the Kikuyu people were also fighting for independence in 2 other countries.
10
A U.S.-led coalition launched the Persian Gulf War in 1990 after
UN economic sanctions failed.
weapons inspectors found evidence of chemical and biological weapons.
Hussein used chemical weapons against Kurds in Iraq.
the Iranian hostage crisis.
11
How did the British respond to the “Quit India” campaign?
They rioted.
They left India immediately.
They released political prisoners
They imprisoned Gandhi and Indian Congress officials.
12
Nasser nationalized the Suez Canal in response to
his defeat in the first Arab-Israeli war.
Britain, France, and Israel’s attack on Egypt.
the shah’s return to power.
the refusal of the United States and Britain to fund a dam on the Nile.
13
The United States was alarmed by Soviet control of Eastern Europe at the end of World War II because
U.S. officials had wanted to control the natural resources located there.
the Soviets had installed missiles in many of those countries.
officials believed Germany should control the area.
officials believed Soviet expansion would not stop at Eastern Europe.
14
After the Congo won its independence
the new prime minister was assassinated.
a civil war erupted.
it joined the French Community.
members of the Kikuyu tribe were tortured and murdered.
15
The election of Felipe Calderón as president of Mexico in 2006 was significant because
it affirmed Mexico’s commitment to democracy.
his election was characterized by fraud.
it ended 71 years of one-party rule.
he was the country’s first socialist president.
16
Who wrote the passage labeled “Primary Source 1”?
Richard Nixon
Nikita Khrushchev
Joseph Stalin
Mikhail Gorbachev
17
Why did American and British forces plan a massive invasion of Western Europe?
to open a second front and put the Axis forces on the defensive
to maintain control of Atlantic shipping routes
to avenge Pearl Harbor
help the Soviets, were battling German forces in Stalingrad and Leningrad
18
Before World War II, the British controlled
Burma and Malaya.
Indonesia.
Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
the Philippines.
19
The passage from Massacre in Mexico illustrates that
Mexicans grew disillusioned and dissatisfied with the PRI.
the economy in Mexico was booming.
people dissatisfied with Mexican government economic conditions worsened.
the government in Mexico had become increasingly democratic.
20
Study the graph “Economic Growth in Asia, 1986–2004.” The economies of South Korea, Taiwan, and SingaporeR
remained flat.
consistently declined.
all showed growth.
never recovered from the lows.
21
Which of the following was a “rich country with too many poor people”?
El Salvador
Cuba
Nicaragua
Panama
22
Which of the following statements accurately describes the Indian economy in the 1990s?
Tightening government controls and stronger tariffs led to significant-
The Indian economy grew at a remarkable rate, virtually eliminating the-
Economic reforms led to growth in information technology and the customer--
Heavy and light industry greatly expanded during the decade as a result of-
23
Industrial growth in Japan was fueled by
Soviet and Chinese aid.
strong protective tariffs.
the military dictatorship’s control over the economy.
the strong Japanese work ethic and good labor relations.
24
While the North American Free Trade Agreement was intended to remove barriers to trade, many Mexicans worried that
increased competition from foreign imports would hurt their economy.
political system would suffer if secondparty could run opposition candidate
their population would decrease as a result of free immigration.
tourism would suffer from decreased competition.
25
What caused the ANC to drastically change its policy of peaceful protests?
the Soweto Uprising
the violence of the Mau Mau
the Sharpeville Massacre
the election of F.W. de Klerk
26
Nations that refused to take sides in the rivalry between superpowers in the 1950s were called
pacifist nations.
totalitarian states.
nonaligned nations.
the Warsaw Pact.
27
Which of the following organizations was influential in ending apartheid in South Africa?
Mau Mau
Convention People’s Party
National Liberation Front
African National Congress
28
Kwame Nkrumah headed the
Mau Mau.
Congo.
French Community.
Convention People’s Party.
29
Study the graph “Economic Growth in Asia, 1986–2004.” The economic trends shown on the graph have led those countries to
eliminate poverty.
build strong banking systems.
become the weakest economies in the world.
become known as the Asian Tigers.
30
Salvador Allende in Chile
worried the U.S. government with his leftist policies.
was extremely popular for his social reforms and re-elected several times.
oversaw several periods of rapid economic growth.
gradually transformed his government into a Marxist dictatorship.
31
In 1957 six European nations founded the European Economic Community in order to
eliminate trade barriers and unify economic policies.
influence world oil prices
boycott the Soviet Union.
adopt a standard currency.
32
Which of the following did Winston Churchill use as an image to describe the division of Europe?
a steel fist
the Grand Canyon
a closed door
an iron curtain
33
East Pakistan’s independence movement was supported by
the Soviet Union.
India.
West Pakistan.
East Timor.
34
Before World War II, Hitler’s Nazi government
sent Einsatzgruppen into the Soviet Union.
did not limit the rights of any German citizens.
deported European Jews
passed restrictive laws severely limiting the rights of Jews.
35
One reason Western Europe made a rapid recovery from World War II was because
strong Communist movements emerged in those countries.
the war had caused only minor damage to property.
the United States provided massive economic aid.
sweeping social programs eliminated poverty.
36
By the end of the 1960s,many former European colonies in Africa were ruled by which of the following forms of government
one-party systems
democratic republics
socialist communes
constitutional monarchies
37
The People’s Republic of China was formed in
1919.
1979.
1959.
1949.
38
One reason revolution spread across Eastern Europe in 1989 was that
Soviet leaders wanted a smaller union.
Gorbachev increased Soviet control.
Gorbachev loosened Soviet control.
Boris Yeltsin demanded it.
39
When some observers predict that the 2000s will be an “Asian century” they mean that
the population in Asia will grow ten-fold.
Asian car manufacturers will put Ford out of business.
strong democracies will emerge throughout the region.
Asia will surpass Europe and North America as the dominant economic region.
40
What caused the breakup of Yugoslavia in the 1990s?
democratic elections
military occupation by NATO
ethnic tensions coupled with a weakening government
the collapse of the Soviet Union
41
Which U.S. president ended decades of hostility toward China?
John F. Kennedy
Ronald Reagan
Richard Nixon
Jimmy Carter
42
The creation of “homelands” in South Africa had which of the following effects?
It forced millions of black men to migrate to work in industry and mines.
It forced poor people in rural areas to work on communal farms.
It gave poor peasants land to farm.
It gave everyone the right to vote.
43
Soviet leaders wanted to control Eastern Europe after World War II because
they wanted a buffer zone of friendly governments to protect against attack
they needed the rich natural resources of the region.
Eastern European people had elected Communist governments.
otherwise it might be controlled by Germany.
44
Franklin Roosevelt and Winston Churchill issued the Atlantic Charter, a document
which asserted their right to territorial gains.
that negotiated shipping lanes in the Atlantic.
which established the United Nations.
which affirmed that nations should choose their governments.
45
China’s Great Leap Forward resulted in
an increase in both imports and exports as the economy improved.
better relations with the Soviet Union.
sharp drops in agricultural production and widespread famine.
the creation of an extensive transportation network in the country.
46
During World War II, European and American control of Southeast Asian colonies was weakened by
German occupation.
Japanese occupation.
prolonged interruption in trade.
massive defense spending.
47
What caused the hyperinflation in Brazil in the early 1990s?
the bloody military coup
the loss of population to government death squads
growing national debt and rising oil prices
freezing wages
48
Which of the following countries saw the fewest benefits from market reform in the decade between 1994 and 2004?
Venezuela
Peru
Mexico
Chile
49
Portugal's African colonies gained independence
immediately after World War II.
through free elections.
because of action by the United Nations.
after long years of warfare.
50
What was true about U.S. foreign policy in Guatemala, El Salvador, and Nicaragua?
The United States maintained a “hands-off” policy.
The United States supported the work of social reformers in each country.
US worked to make democratically elected governments stable in all three.
The United States supported anticommunist, corrupt governments.
51
The election of Vicente Fox in 2000, as president of Mexico, was significant because
he was Mexico’s first socialist president.
it ended 71 years of one-party rule.
he never took office.
his election was characterized by fraud.
52
Which of the following ended the first intifada?
the Camp David Accords
the Persian Gulf War
the Oslo Accords
the Iranian Revolution
53
Which of the following statements is supported by the information in the graph titled “GDP Per Capita in Latin America”?
In general, the economies of most Latin American countries grew.
People in Latin American countries below poverty line in 2004 than in 1994.
All Latin American economies suffered setbacks between 1994 and 2004.
The populations of Latin American countries are growing.
54
Many Latin American priests promoted Liberation Theology to address which of the following social problems?
the lack of free elections
the high cost of living
the large gap between rich and poor
a high teen pregnancy rate
55
Which of the following Pacific Rim countries had a deteriorating economy in the 1990s and early 2000s?
Japan
the Philippines
South Korea
North Korea
56
Study the political cartoon titled “MAYDAY!” Which statement best describes the subject of the cartoon?
Western Europe is on the brink of chaos after World War II.
The United States faces a counterculture movement in the 1960s.
Cuba requests Soviet help during the Cuban missile crisis.
Economic problems and reforms weaken the Soviet Union.
57
In the 1980s and 1990s, Latin America generally
became extremely prosperous.
became more democratic.
suffered from hyperinflation.
experienced a period of brutal repression.
58
In 1947, India became the world’s largest
democracy.
economy.
monarchy.
authoritarian state.
59
General Suharto’s corrupt, authoritarian reign lasted until 1998 in
Indonesia.
Cambodia.
Myanmar.
East Timor.
60
What caused the outbreak of a bloody civil war in El Salvador?
a U.S.-sponsored coup
land reform
the United Fruit Company’s bankruptcy
the assassination of Oscar Romero
61
The Nazi campaign to imprison inferior people included which of the following targets?
all residents of Allied countries
only Jews
Jews and Aryans
Jews, homosexuals, disabled people, Poles, Slavs, and Gypsies
62
The United Arab Republic was an example of
colonization.
Zionism.
Pan-Arabism.
socialism.
63
What was the significance of the Battle of Coral Sea?
Was the first time the Allies had stopped the relentless Japanese advance.
The Americans sunk four Japanese carriers and lost only one of their own.
It resulted in Allied control of the entire Atlantic.
It repelled the Axis Powers from Northern Africa.
64
After the Cold War ended in 1989, democratic governments began to emerge in Africa because
the United States promised massive economic aid.
colonial rule had just ended.
US and Soviet Union no longer supported dictators friendly to their sides.
industrialists invested large amounts of money in African nations.
65
One effect of the arms race was
the division of Europe into four zones of occupation.
an ever-present threat of nuclear war.
increased domestic spending in the United States.
global climate change.
66
How did Iran change under Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini’s leadership?
It became less hostile to Israel.
It modernized and became more closely allied with the West.
Orthodox Christianity replaced Islam as the state religion.
It enforced strict religious and social values.
67
Aung San Suu Kyi won the Nobel Peace Prize for working to promote democracy in
Myanmar.
Nepal.
Pakistan.
India.
68
U.S.-led forces attacked Iraq in 2003 after Iraq
invaded Kuwait.
resisted full cooperation with UN weapons inspectors.
went to war against Israel.
invaded Iran.
69
Support for the Communists was widespread in China because they promised to
increase the nation’s industrial and agricultural output.
end political persecution of dissidents.
hold democratic elections.
redistribute land to peasants.
70
What were Fidel Castro’s goals in Cuba?
to end U.S. dominance, redistribute wealth, and reform society
to establish a Marxist regime
to industrialize the country in order to pump money into the economy
to impose moderate democratic reforms
71
In 1980, after Iran’s Islamic government called for a revolution among Iraq’s Shiite population,
the Kurds won their independence.
the Sunnis revolted against Hussein’s government.
Iraq attacked Kuwait.
Iraq attacked Iran.
72
The author of the passage labeled “Primary Source 1” was calling for
an end to the Vietnam War.
an immediate conversion to a market economy.
a Communist revolution.
economic and political reforms in the Soviet Union.
73
In 2005, Iraq became
a UN mandate.
an Islamic federal democracy.
a constitutional monarchy.
a totalitarian dictatorship.
74
Before World War II, the French controlled
Burma and Malaya.
the Philippines.
Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
Indonesia.
75
The difficulties Allied leaders had in reaching agreement at the Potsdam Conference were due to
the fight of many colonized people for independence.
growing ill-will between the Soviet Union and other Allies.
the refusal of the Soviet Union to join the United Nations.
uncertainties about when the war would end in Europe.
76
What was the goal of the Yalta Conference?
to compensate victims of the Holocaust
to reach an agreement on what to do with postwar Europe
to divide Europe into communist and capitalist sections
to agree on a schedule for the invasion of France
77
The rule of Salvador Allende in Chile ended when
his son had him killed in order to become king himself.
Chile was annexed by Brazil.
the military bombed the presidential palace.
he was defeated in his bid for re-election.
78
Which Allied country received the largest share of German reparations after World War II?
the Soviet Union
England
France
the United States
79
What helped to rebuild Japan’s economy after World War II?
US economic aid and Japan's location as supply source during the Korean War
abolishing light industries
massive defense spending
Emperor Hirohito’s strong leadership
80
The Cultural Revolution in China led to
a flowering of art, architecture and literature.
the deaths of hundreds and thousands of people.
a Communist revolution.
the overthrow of Mao Zedong.
81
Use your knowledge of the chapter to answer the question. What event does the passage from Massacre in Mexico refer to?
A major earthquake destroyed large parts of Mexico City.
Police and military forces opened fire on peaceful protestors.
Mexico signed the North American Free Trade Agreement.
A peasant uprising in Chiapas shook the public’s confidence.
82
The first Arab-Israeli war resulted in
Israeli control of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.
the discrediting of the Israeli government.
UN censure of Israel.
the emergence of nationalist leaders in places such as Egypt and Iran.
83
The Cuban Revolution resulted in
a free press.
a decline in life expectancy.
free education and medical care.
widespread illiteracy.
84
The cartoon titled “MAYDAY!” suggests that the primary cause of the collapse of the Soviet Union was
the counterculture.
economic problems.
a military coup.
World War II.
85
Morocco and Tunisia earned their independence in part because France
decided that retaining control of Algeria was far more important.
believed that all people should have the right to self-determination.
liberated all its colonies at that time.
was defeated at Dien Bien Phu.
