Which best describes the relationship between DNA, Proteins and Cells?

Cells contain DNA, which controls Protein production

Which of these rarely results in rapid advances in scientific knowledge?

A. unique insight (Einstein-relativity, Darwin-natural selection)

Which of the following describes how ALL consumers get their energy?

from eating organisms that are living or were once living

Which of the following best represent a liquid?

a defined volume, but not a defined shape

The reactive properties or chemical behavior of an atom mostly depends on the number of

electrons in the outer electron shell of the atom.

Which statement about biotechnology is correct?

Biotechnology uses biological processes to improve our lives

Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?

Eukaryotic cells are produced from prokaryotic cells

smallest prtcle of an element that still has it's properties

Which statement about evolution is true

Evolution can result in adaptations.

Which statement best describes these cells?

Both cell A and cell B use energy released fromATP.

Which of the following statements is false?

Electrolysis reactions always produce a gas at one electrode

Which statement about the properties of life is false?

Organisms have an unchanging, constant internal environment

In an ecosystem, energy

typically flows from producers to a series of consumers

Relationship between the circulatory and endocrine system:

releasing hormones & transporting them to cells in the body

Which of the following is not a primary function of protein?

provides good and readily available source of energy

The nucleus of the atom has all of the following EXCEPT:

It comprises of most of the atoms volume

What is a Hypothesis?

a tentative explanation for observations or a phenomenon

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BIO 104 Chapter 1 & 2

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Questions 121

Answers

1
Which best describes the relationship between DNA, Proteins and Cells?
DNA is made of Proteins & controls Cell function
Proteins produce Cells & DNA
Cells contain DNA, which controls Protein production
Proteins are made of DNA & produces Cells
2
Which of these rarely results in rapid advances in scientific knowledge?
A. unique insight (Einstein-relativity, Darwin-natural selection)
B. new and improved technology (microscope, PCR machine)
C. governmental mandates like “the war on cancer” (Nixon, 1971)
D. careful experiments with fortuitous discoveries
3
Which of these pairs of organelles is responsible for energy conversion
mitochondrion and chloroplast
vacuole and ribosome
centriole and lysosome
Golgi apparatus and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
4
Which ion concentration is higher at a pH of 10.0?
B. H+
C. Neither
A. OH-
5
What subatomic particles are found in the nucleus?
Electrons Only
Protons and Neutrons
Protons Only
Protons and Electrons
6
Enzymes increase the rate of a reaction by _____.
Increasing the temperature of the substances
Decreasing activation energy
Contributing water to the reaction
Changing the pH
7
Which of the following describes how ALL consumers get their energy?
from eating organisms that are living or were once living
from eating primary producers
directly from the sun
from inorganic chemical like hydrogen sulfide
8
What part of a radioactive isotope is unstable?
The space around the nucleus
The nucleus
The isotope is stable, it always emits particles/energy
Everything within 5cm of the atom
9
Which of the following best represent a liquid?
no defined volume or shape
a definite shape, but no defined volume
a defined volume, but not a defined shape
a definite volume and shape
10
What particles are involved in an atom being an ISOTOPE?
Protons
Electrons
Quarks
Neutrons
11
_____ are the major lipids of plasma membranes
Steroids
Phospholipids
Fatty acids
Triglycerides
12
The reactive properties or chemical behavior of an atom mostly depends on the number of
electrons in each electron shell of the atom.
electrons in the outer electron shell of the atom.
neutrons found in the nucleus.
filled electron shells.
13
Which of the following is not a function of protein?
absorption of water and fiber
tissue and nerve development
production of antibodies
growth and maintenance of cells
14
The particles that are found in the nucleus of an atom are
protons and neutrons
protons and electrons
electrons only
neutrons and electrons
15
Which of the following is commonly added to table salt to prevent the formation of goiters
Sodium
Iodine
Calcium
Flouride
16
The concept that cells only arise from existing cells is a part of ___________.
D. Cohesion
A. Atomic theory
C. Emergence
B. Evolution
17
The adhesion of water is due to ___________.
D. Covalent bonds
B. Ionic bonds
C. Hydrogen bonds
A. Double bonds
18
In an experiment on the consequences of smoking tobacco, a group pretending to smoke would be the __________ .
B. Experiment
C. Data
A. Hypothesis
D. Variable
19
Which is an example of a protein?
C. Steroid
B. Glycogen
D. DNA
A. Hemoglobin
20
A radioactive isotope has a nucleus that
has more protons than the common variant of the element
has more electrons than the common variant of the element
is stable
decays spontaneously
21
Which of the following is a group within the domain Eukarya
Archaea
bacteria
Fungi
protists
22
the lowest level of biological organization that shows the emergent property
A. Cell
D. Community
C. Organism
B. Population
23
Which of the following roles is played by carbohydrates in human nutrition?
storage form of unused chemical energy
assist enzyme function
act as an energy source
structural component of cells in the body
24
Which statement about biotechnology is correct?
Biotechnology uses biological processes to improve our lives
Biotechnology decreases genetic diversity of a population
Biotechnology increases genetic diversity of a population
Biotechnology has only been developed in the last 50 years
25
Lactose intolerance is the inability to properly
produce milk proteins
digest cellulose
produce lactose
digest lactose
26
What particles are involved in an atom being NEUTRAL?
Quarks
Neutrons and Electrons
Protons and Neutrons
Protons and Electrons
27
Which of the following is not part of the cell theory?
New cells are produced from existing cells
Eukaryotic cells are produced from prokaryotic cells
28
The shape of a protein is determined by
all of the above
the sequence of amino acids
Hydrogen bonds along the backbone of the polypeptide
the interaction between R-groups of a chain of amino acids
29
What is an atom?
something that cannot be broken down anyfarther
smallest prtcle of an element that still has it's properties
smallest prtcle of an element that has different properties
A man
30
Which statement about evolution is true
Organisms evolve structures in response to needs
Evolution can result in adaptations.
Individuals evolve within the span of their own lifetimes
Evolution is deliberate and purposeful
31
Which statement best describes these cells?
Both cell A and cell B produce antibiotics.
DNA would not be found in either cell A or cell B.
Both cell A and cell B use energy released fromATP.
Cell B lacks vacuoles while cell A has them.
32
Which of the following statements is false?
Batteries are galvanic cells
Electrolysis reactions always produce a gas at one electrode
Positive Ecell is always thermodynamically favored
Reduction involves a gain of electrons
33
Which is the lowest level of biological organization that would show the interaction of owls and mice (predation)?
B. Population
C. Organism
D. Community
A. Cell
34
Bacterial cells are prokaryotic. Unlike a typical eukaryotic cell, they
Have membrane-bound internal organelles
Lack a nucleus
Have a smaller nucleus
Lack a plasma membrane
35
What are Covalent molecules made up of?
Transition metals
Neutrons
Electrons
Non-metals
36
Which statement about the properties of life is false?
Organisms have the ability to reproduce
Organisms have an unchanging, constant internal environment
Organisms respond to stimuli from the environment
Organisms have the ability to take in energy and use it
37
In an ecosystem, energy
typically flows from consumers to producers to decomposers
cycles along with chemical nutrients
typically flows from producers to a series of consumers
comes ultimately from bacteria
38
The four most common elements in living organisms are
C, H, O, N
C, N, O, Na
C, H, O, Ca
C, H, O, Fe
39
Relationship between the circulatory and endocrine system:
releasing hormones & transporting them to cells in the body
taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells in the body
absorbing food nutrients & taking them to cells in the body
collecting waste products from cells and transporting them
40
Which of the following is not a primary function of protein?
growth and maintenance of cells
provides good and readily available source of energy
production of antibodies
tissue and nerve development
41
A solution of pH 7.1 is _________.
A. Acidic
D. An isotope
C. Neutral
B. Basic
42
The nucleus of the atom has all of the following EXCEPT:
It contains most of the atoms mass
It comprises of most of the atoms volume
A positive charge
It is very dense
43
A level of biological organization higher than the organelle is _______.
D. Atom
A. Organ
B. Molecule
C. Ecosystem
44
Which compound has a polar covalent bond?
NaCl
KI
MgCl2
H2O
45
Active transport is a process that results in _____ being transported into or out of a cell.
Large material such as food
Water
Oxygen
small molecules or ions
46
Information is transferred from the cell nucleus to ribosomes via the molecule
rER
DNA
sER
RNA
47
What is a Hypothesis?
An answer
Involves series of ordered steps
A question
a tentative explanation for observations or a phenomenon
48
What is this Model Called?
Lewis Dot Model
Electron Cloud Model
Planetary Model
Plum Pudding Model
49
What are saturated fats saturated with
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
Carbon
Hydrogen
50
Polypeptide synthesis requires the joining together of _________.
B. amino acids
C. nucleotides
A. monosaccharides
D. fatty acids
51
What is a polar covalent bond?
Protons are shared equally
Electrons are shared equally
Electrons are shared unequally
Protons are shared unequally
52
Organisms that convert light energy into chemical energy are called____________.
A. Consumers
B. Producers
D. Eukarya
C. Decomposers
53
What will happen if CO2 levels in the oceans increase?
The oceans will become more basic
both b and c
Growth rates of organisms such as corals will decrease
The oceans will become more acidic
54
Which of the following best describes the function of the system?
Absorbs nutrients from food
Responds to stimuli in the environment
Exchanges gasses with the environment
Supports the skeletal system
55
Which best describes the function of veins in the circulatory system?
passing waste from the blood to the outside of the body
supplying nutrients from the intestines to the body
carrying carbon dioxide from the body to the lungs
carrying blood away from the heart
56
The four most common elements in living organisms are
C, H, O, Ca
C, H, O, N
C, H, O, Fe
C, N, O, Na
57
natural selection is
Influenced by humans
Influenced by nature
Influenced by an organism diet
Influenced by cell division
58
In the chemical reaction: OH- + H+ =è H2O. Water is the ________.
A. Result
C. Product
D. Input
B. Reactant
59
The domain Archaea includes examples of _____.
D. Fungi
C. Molds
A. Eukaryotic cells
B. Prokaryotic cells
60
Which level of biological organization is most appropriate to the study of African Savanna?
B. Population
C. Ecosystem
D. Cell
A. Biosphere
61
Which is not a characteristic of all living things?
C. Energy processing
A. Order
D. Reproduction
B. Genetic information
62
Oxygen can form ___ covalent bonds.
2
6
8
5
63
Which of the following trace elements needed by humans is commonly added to table salt?
iron
fluoride
magnesium
iodine
64
Which is the primary mineral found in table salt?
Magnesium
Chloride
Potassium
Calcium
65
Which statement best describes a function of nephrons?
Remove carbon dioxide from the blood
Collect urine from the blood
Remove the waste products directly from cells in the blood
Filter waste products from the blood
66
. Breaking down macromolecules is a _______ reaction while synthesizing them is a _________ reaction?
C. hydrolysis, dehydration
A. dehydration, hydrolysis
B. nuclear, hydrolysis
67
A _____ is an example of a unicellular organism
Fish
Pine tree
Paramecium
Cat
68
Insects are examples of _____.
C. Plants
B. Protists
A. Archaea
D. Animals
69
Which of the following is a true statement about evolution?
individuals evolve by changing the gene pool
individuals evolve, populations don’t
populations evolve, individuals don’t
populations evolve quicker than individuals
70
Water molecules form hydrogen bonds because
the hydrogen atoms are negatively charged
the water molecule forms a tetrahedron
the oxygen molecule is positively charged.
the water molecule is polar
71
Which of the following is a measure of disorder?
Kinetic energy
Potential energy
Entropy
Respiration
72
Which of the following is a trace element found in the body?
Zinc
Nitrogen
Carbon
Hydrogen
73
What is the Mass Number?
136
56
80
137.327
74
What is a hypothesis?
explanation made on the basis of unlimited evidence
explanation made on the basis of assumption
explanation made on the basis of abundant evidence
Explanation made on the basis of limited evidence
75
. Not all chemical bonds are the same. Which “bonds” are due entirely to attraction of positive to negative charge?
A. Hydrogen bonds
D. Covalent bonds
B. Ionic bonds
C. Double bonds
76
Which is the lightest element in the universe?
oxygen
hydrogen
sulfur
carbon
77
the four most common elements found in organisms are???
helium, hydrogen, carbon
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen
oxygen, mercury, phosphorus, carbon
carbon dioxide, zinc, calcium, and nitrogen
78
Which of the following is NOT a carbohydrate?
meat
fiber
starch
sugar
79
Which statement is true about genes and chromosomes?
Genes and chromosomes are the same
A chromosome is made up of thousands of genes
They are both a type of pants you wear
A gene is made up of thousands of chromomsomes
80
Which of these is NOT a trace element in the human body?
carbon
iron
cobalt
copper
81
Which statement about evolution is true
Organisms evolve structures in response to needs
Individuals evolve within the span of their own lifetimes
Evolution can result in adaptations.
Evolution is deliberate and purposeful
82
Which statement about genes is always true?
Genes are located on chromosomes within the cell nucleus
Each gene is responsible for a single trait.
Many genes are required to determine a single trait.
Inherited traits and acquired traits are determined by genes
83
Molecules of food and gasoline contain a special form of potential energy called _____ energy
Covalent
Ionic
Kinetic
Chemical
84
Which of the following is true about subatomic particles?
Electrons are negatively charged and are the heaviest
the mass of a neutron nearly equals the mass of a proton
protons are positively charged and the lightest particle
neutrons have no charge and are the lightest particle
85
A radioactive isotope has a nucleus that
is stable
decays spontaneously
has more electrons than the common variant of the element
has more protons than the common variant of the element
86
The tree is home to cardinals, ants, a wasp's nest, squirrels, and millions of bacteria
species
population
Community
ecosystem
87
What is DNA ?
none of the above
Viruses that hide in cells
active viruses that kill there host
molecule containing genes
88
A chemical bond that results in 1 mol. stripping electrons from the outer shell of another mol.
Ionic
Polar covalent
Covalent
Hydrogen
89
The primary determinant of an atom’s properties is the number of ____s.
A. Electron
B. Atom
C. Neutron
D. Molecule
90
Darwin argued that adaptation was due to____________.
C. Artificial selection
D. Drift
B. Natural selection
A. Sexual selection
91
The results of a controlled experiment are typically the ________.
C. independent variable
D. dependent variable
A. hypothesis
B. experiment
92
Which of the following is not an essential element?
Hydrogen
Sodium
Carbon
Oxygen
93
Which of the following statements are observations?
1 and 3
2 and 3
2 and 4
1 and 4
94
Which of these is a trace element required for the human body?
nitrogen
hydrogen
carbon
iron
95
Relationship between the circulatory and endocrine system:
taking in oxygen and transporting it to cells in the body
absorbing food nutrients & taking them to cells in the body
collecting waste products from cells and transporting them
releasing hormones & transporting them to cells in the body
96
Which phrase best describes translation?
produces RNA from DNA molecules
converts mRNA into a polypeptide
recyclest RNA molecules for reuse
breaks bonds between amino acids
97
Radioactive decay is the impulsive combustion of the atomic nucleus.
True
False
98
Which of the following best characterizes the flow of information in the cell?
D. DNA =>Protein=> RNA
C. Protein=> DNA =>RNA
B. RNA =>DNA =>Protein
A. RNA =>Protein=> DNA
99
Which of the following particles are found on the outside of the nucleus?
ions
electrons
neutrons
protons
100
What name is given to the following reaction?glucose + glucose →maltose + water
denaturization
dehydration reaction
hydrolysis
gluconeogenesis
101
. Liquid water is fundamental to biological processes. Why?
B. Provides the kinetic energy necessary for chemical reactions
A. Readily breaks ionic bonds
D. Is both weakly acidic and basic
C. Forms hydrogen bonds
102
The theory which best explains the conservation and diversity among living things is _______.
A. Atomic theory
C. Emergence
D. Cohesion
B. Evolution
103
Which of the following is true of vitamins?
Provide energy
Megadoses are beneficial
Enable body to use energy
Inorganic compounds
104
what is covalent bonding
the sharing of electron pairs between atoms
When the nucleus of an atom joins another
The chemical combination of two protons
when two shells join
105
Carbohydrates are composed of _________ monomers.
D. fatty acid
B. amino acid
A. monosaccharide
C. nucleotide
106
Chemistry of Life: Which statement is true?
A pH less than 7 is basic
A pH of more than 7 is acidic
A pH of 7 is neutral
107
Which statement best describes the relationship between proteins and polypeptides?
Proteins are composed of polypeptides.
Polypeptides, unlike proteins, are composed of amino acids
Proteins, unlike polypeptides, are composed of amino acids.
Polypeptides are composed of proteins.
108
How many covalent bonds does an atom of Oxygen have in a molecule of water?
D.4
C.3
A. 1
B. 2
109
All energy in the biosphere is eventually lost as _________.
C. radiant heat
B. Sun light
A. Sugar
D. gene expression
110
Which statement is incorrect about proteins
proteins can be broken down and used for energy
Proteins are bonded together resulting in simple sugars
Proteins are long usual folded chains
111
Which best describes how the circulatory and respiratory system interact?
oxygen enters the bloodstream directly from the nose
heart removes wastes from the lungs
the heart pumps air into the blood through the lungs
oxygen is transferred to the bloodstream from the lungs
112
The human heart is _____.
B. an organism
D. a biosphere
A. an organ
C. an organelle
113
What is this part of the atom
Proton
Orbit
Nucleus
Electron
114
Which statement is TRUE about alleles?
Each parent gives 2 alleles for each gene to offspring
Alleles make up DNA
Alleles are different versions of a gene
Alleles can be homozygous or heterozygous
115
What is a hypothesis?
An Observation
If/Then Statement
Educated Guess / Inference
All Above
116
Which function of life does not require the expenditure of energy by the organism?
B. responding to the environment
C. growth
A. maintaining order
D. reproduction
117
Which covalent bond is the weakest?
quadruple covalent bond
double covalent bond
triple covalent bond
single covalent bond
118
What is the Atomic Number
136
56
137.327
80
119
Carbon-14 is a neutron rich or poor isotope?
RICH
POOR
120
Which of the following is an example of a polysaccharide
Glucose
Starch
maltose
Fructose
121
Which of the following represents an ionic compound?
H2
CO3^-2
K2Cr2O7
NH3

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