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Data analysis
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#inferentialstatistics #anova #standarddeviation #ttest
Flashcards
29 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What is graph that plots out the relationship between two quantitative variables?
Line graph
Bar graph
Frequency distribution
Scatter plot
2
Which is not an assumption of ANOVA?
Normally distributed outcome variable
Homogeneity of variance
Nominal-level outcome variable
Independence of Observations
3
When we want to make inferences about a population from a sample, we use:
Curvilinear statistics
Descriptive statistics
Poisson statistics
Inferential statistics
4
If you wanted to characterize, summarize, and/or explain data you had collected you would use:
hypothesis testing.
multiple regression.
descriptive statistics.
inferential statistics.
5
The strength or magnitude of the relationship between the independent and dependent variable is
effect size indicator.
type of error.
power of the study.
alternative hypothesis.
6
In the regression equation, Y = a + bX + e, "a" refers to the
Slope
Outcome
Error
Intercept
7
In simple regression the _ is defined as the predicted change in Y given a 1 unit change in X.
Y
Y intercept
Regression coefficient
Error term
8
What do we fear more in statistics?
Type II error
Type I error
9
How many means are required to use the analysis of variance test for statistical significance?
3 or more
1
2 or more
4 or more
10
The population parameter is some value other than the value stated by the null hypothesis
Significance level
Alternative hypothesis
Null hypothesis
Probability value
11
How is this distribution skewed?
Symmetrical
Positive skew
Negative skew
No skew
12
If a research finding is statistically significant, what else should you determine?
The strength of significance
The practical significance
The probability value
The alpha level
13
Which is the largest correlation coefficient
1
Both
Neither
-1
14
Increasing the sample size in a research study will _________ the study's power.
be unrelated to
decrease
not increase
increase
15
Test used to determine differences between groups.
All of the above
t-test
Mann-Whitney U
ANOVA
16
Which of the following assesses the assumption of normality?
Ratio of kurtosis to its standard error
Randomly selected participants
Levene's test
Equal group sizes
17
The regression line is:
defined by the regression equation.
the line that best fits a pattern of observations.
all of the above.
can be described by its slope and y-intercept.
18
Which hypothesis is viewed as the "status quo" or the "nothing new" hypothesis?
Research hypothesis
Null hypothesis
Alternative hypothesis
Inferential hypothesis
19
Cutoff value for determining reliable construct (Cronbach's alpha):
.7
.3
.5
.9
20
How many factors should we retain, based on the scree plot?
0
1
5
3
21
To test whether participants respond differently to two different Likert-type questions, we use
Paired t-test
One-way ANOVA
Wilcoxon signed-rank test
Chi-square
22
Which of the independent variables best predict the outcome?
Do you speak English outside school?
Number of Books at Home
Constant
How many brothers live with you at your home?
23
What tests should we carry out after a successful ANOVA omnibus test?
Hypothesis tests
Post-hoc tests
Eigenvalue tests
T-tests
24
Which of the following statements sounds like a null hypothesis?
There is no difference between male and female incomes
OJ is innocent
The coin is not fair
There is a correlation in the population
25
What alpha level do most educational researchers use?
.05
.5
.1
.01
26
A researcher is planning a study that has one dependent variable and two independent variables.
multiple regression analysis
z score analysis
simple regression analysis
standard deviation analysis
27
With respect to a difference in means, "significance testing" is used to determine:
The size of a mean difference
The consistency of a mean difference
The presence of a mean difference in the population
The practical significance of a mean difference
28
Sample is constructed by randomly selecting participants within sub-groups (e.g., ethnicities)
Purposive sample
Cluster random sample
Stratified random sample
Simple random sample
29
Which will be the best measure of central tendency for these data?
Mean
Median
Variance
Mode
