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Duplicate of Duplicate of Exam 4 Flashcards | StudBud
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Duplicate of Duplicate of Exam 4
Duplicate of Duplicate of Exam 4
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1
RN performing complete exam in older pt. Which of the following is a normal age associated change
Stiffening of arterial walls resulting in a wider pulse pressure
Pain with hip adduction and abduction
Decline in blood pressure due to decreased cardiac output
Resting heart rate decreases over time
2
Adult pt seen for severe infection in left foot Which of these findings should the nurse expect to see during assessment
Pellet like nodes in axillary region
Enlarged and tender inguinal lymph nodes
Hard and fixed popliteal nodes
Tender and movable cervical nodes
3
RN testing reflexes on adult pt when stroking up lateral side of sole and ball of foot RN sees plantar flexion of toes..
Positive babinski sign
Normal 2+ reflex
Plantar reflex present
Palmar grasp intact
4
Which collection of sign/symptoms is most consistent with acute coronary syndrome?
Pulsations and “stabbing” chest pain with deep breaths
Epigastric pain exacerbated by food
Heavy aching chest pain with dizziness and pallor
Radiating chest discomfort that fully subsides with rest
5
True or false the PMI should be palpable at 5-6th ICS at anterior axillary line
True
False
6
The RN is assessing for PAD and calculates an ankle brachial index of 0.8. The nurse knows
This is indicative of venous insufficiency
She should assess the pulse deficit next
This is indicative of PAD
Anything below 0.9 is not indicative of PAD or venous insufficiency
7
When assessing cerebellum function on adult pt RN should ask pt to…
Resist my attempt to move your left arm
Close your eyes and tell me what number I draw on your hand
Stare straight ahead while I shine this penlight in your eye
Alternate touching your nose and my finger
8
RN using Phalen test in exam of pt with “hand pain”. What instruction should RN give pt to preform test?
Stand here while I tap on your wrist area
Hyperextend wrists w/ palmar surfaces of both hands touching & wait 60 sec
Type on this keyboard and let me know if you feel pain
Hold both hands back to back for 60 seconds
9
A pt with peripheral arterial disease and associated paresthesia is most likely to report what during health history?
“My legs are so swollen and heavy at the end of the day”
“I often have pins and needles feeling in my foot”
“Wearing my compression socks at work helps a lot”
“It feels much better when I walk or elevate my legs”
10
The RN is preforming a CN exam on on a pt who had a stroke 2 days prior. How should the nurse assess CN X?
Assess the clients ability to swallow
Test muscle strength in the neck
Preform the whisper test
Observe for a midline protrusion of the tongue
11
The RN is examining a 1 hour old baby. Which finding is most concerning?
Blue tint to the hands and feet
Apical impulse is palpated at the 4th ICS left MCL
Soft systolic murmur
Resting heart rate is 88 bpm
12
RN examining pt with systolic dysfunction. Using bell nurse hears extra early diastolic sound at apex of heart. Sound?
Split S2
S3 gallop
S4 gallop
Split S1
13
An RN is auscultating apical and palpate radial pulse simultaneously and note apical pulse is faster what does this mean
This is a normal finding
THis is not possible the RN should remeasure
This is an abnormal finding and indicates weak ventricular contraction
14
RN preparing to auscultate for heart sounds in an elderly client presenting with cough & fatigue Which technique is best
Auscultate all heart sounds with client in right side lying position
Listen by inching stethoscope in Z pattern from base of heart to apex
Listening to sounds only at aortic, tricuspid, pulmonic and mitral areas
Listen to each valve site for a full minute
15
RN assessing carotid arteries on a pt. The RN should do all of the following except?
Simultaneously palpate the arteries for a thrill
Auscultate in three areas bilaterally
Listen for bruits using the bell
Assess the pulse for a 0-3+ scale
16
During cardiac auscultation of healthy adult RN hears intermittent extra early diastolic sound at 2nd L ICS. Next step?
Document diastolic murmur
No further assessment is needed because RN knows this sound is an S3
Watch the patients respirations while listening for effect on the sound
Utilize a Doppler area over the device
17
During health history interview pt with hyperlipidemia feels pressure in chest during activity and stops after rest
Peripheral arterial disease
Coronary artery disease
Transient ischemic attack
Normal age related chest pain
18
The RN is preparing to preform a cardiovascular exam on elderly pt. What age associated change does RN expect to find?
Wider pulse pressure
Third heart sounds
Carotid bruit
Decreased resting heart rate
19
During check up exam of 86 year old pt the RN assess a slower gait, slower pupillary response and 1+ DTR. How RN note?
Normal changes attributed to aging
Consistent with Parkinson’s disease
Peripheral nervous system dysfunction
Increased intracranial pressure
20
RN is assessing 36 wk pregnant pt & hears extra early diastolic sound at apex of heart. This sound is most likely?
A split S1
A normal finding
An early sign of heart failure
A pulmonic valve dysfunction
21
RN assessing pt with “left shoulder pain” to assess for rotator cuff injury what should RN do?
Check for a positive bulge sign
Evaluate muscle tone bilaterally
Assess the patients ability to abduct the arms
Assess arm span with a tape measure
22
Which deformity is not typically associated with Rheumatoid arthritis?
Swan neck deformities
Ulnar deviation
Herberdens nodes
Boutonnière deformities
23
RN examining pt w/ diastolic dysfxn Auscultation w/ bell RN hears late diastolic sound at 5th ICS L midclavicular line
Atrial gallop
Midsystolic click
Split S1
Split S2
24
The RN is educating post menopausal women on ways to prevent osteoporosis. Which is best way to prevent bone loss?
Assessing bone density annually after age 30
Avoiding hormone replacement therapy
Eating plenty of Vitamin C rich foods
Preforming physical activity such as fast walking
25
The RN is preforming a complete neuro exam on an adult. How should RN assess cognitive function?
“Tell me where you are right now”
“Walk heel to toe across the room”
“Tell me when you feel the cotton wisp touch your skin”
“Close your mouth and don’t let me open it”
26
Pt presents to clinic with swelling in legs Exam reveals distended neck veins and pansystolic murmur at 4th ICS????
Pulmonic stenosis
Tricuspid regurgitation
Mitral stenosis
Aortic insufficiency
27
Which of the following is not a type of murmur?
Paradoxical
Innocent
Pathological
Functional
28
If an S2 split is physiologic the sound should appear only with:
Rest
Inspiration
Exercise
Expiration
29
RN examining elderly pt with HTN. During cardiac auscultation using bell RN hears extra late diastolic sound at apex
Atrial gallop
Split S1
Split S2
Ventricular gallop
30
RN is reviewing risk factors for venous disease. Which of these situations best describes a person at risk for venous dz
Older adult taking anticoagulant medication
Client with BMI of 38 and a sedentary job
Pt with hypertension and hyperlipidemia
Person with 5 year, 1 pack per day smoking habit
31
RN examining school aged child Using bell, RN hears midsystolic soft blowing whooshing at L middle sternal border……
Systolic murmur
Diastolic murmur
S3 gallop
S4 gallop
32
RN hears loud rumbling murmur right after S2 at apical site. Palpable thrill present. How would RN document?
Grade 4/6 diastolic mitral murmur
Grade 3/6 diastolic pulmonic murmur
Grade 5/6 late systolic tricuspid murmur
Grade 6/6 early systolic apical murmur
33
The RN notes a 10 degree lateral rotation to the spine. The RN knows
Okay as long as it doesn’t affect ADL’s
This is normal
This is an abnormal finding
Assess flexion of the spine
34
The left ventricle normally pumps blood directly to the
Left atrium
Aorta
Vena cava
Pulmonary artery
35
The RN wants to examine a pt’s apical impulse, where should this be found?
5th ICS L midaxillary line
5th ICS L MCL
2nd ICS R sternal border
6th ICS
36
During assessment of pt at annual exam RN unable to palpate ulnar pulses. Cap refill is 1 sec. What should RN do next?
Check for presence of claudication
Preform a modified Allen test to check patency
Consider this finding normal and proceed with peripheral vascular eval
Refer individual for further evaluation
37
The RN is preforming a neuro assessment on a 7 year old. What would the RN include in the cranial nerve portion of exam?
I’m going to use my finger to tap on your arm
I’m going to make some silly faces and I want you to copy me
Hop up and down on one foot
Walk across the room like you’re walking on a tight rope
38
What should RN incorporate when assessing motor coordination of a 10 month old infant?
Denver II screening tool
Deep tendon reflexes (DTR’s)
Ensuring startle, rooting and tonic neck reflexes are still intact
Rapid alternating movements (RAM)
39
A pregnant female in her third trimester is in clinic for “leg pain and swelling” How should RN assess for DVT?
Assess for increased pain with dorsiflexion of foot
Observe for atrophy of lower leg muscles
Check ankle brachial index (ABI) on affected leg
Assess for elevation pallor bilaterally
40
A healthy 75 year old male asks RN why he is getting shorter as he ages. How should RN respond?
Long bones in the arms and legs shorten with age
Lordosis can cause you to appear shorter than you are
As you loose weight you appear shorter
The spinal a column shortens
41
During assessment with Glasgow coma scale nurse depresses clients sternum and notices flexion and upper extremities
Decerebrate posturing
Motor response 2/5
Withdrawals from painful stimulus
Decorticate posturing
42
During a cardiac assessment on pt with “chest pain” nurse finds bilateral JVD, dependent edema, and distended abdomen
Severe dehydration
Peripheral vascular disease
Right sided heart failure
Left sided heart failure
43
During an exam the RN notices severe nystagmus in both eyes of pt. What conclusion by the nurse is correct?
Indicated disease of cerebellum of brain stem
A normal occurrence
A sign the patient is nervous about the exam
Indicates visual problem and a referral to an ophthalmologist is indicated
44
RN preforming assessment on elderly pt with limited ROM in knee. Which assessment finding is consistent with this data?
Quadriceps strength is 4/5 bilaterally
Client displays a limping gait
The patient has a deliberate gait with a wider stance
Absence of bulge sign
45
A pt is reporting pain in most of his joints worse in the morning but gets better after moves around. RN assess for what
Osteoarthritis
Gout
Rheumatoid arthritis
Intermittent claudication
46
During assessment pt reports being treated for osteoarthritis What finding alerts RN to presence of Bouchard’s nodes?
Proximal intertarsal joint swelling of big toe
Proximal interphalangeal joint nodules
Non tender enlargement of distal interphalangeal joints
Frozen non movable phalangeal joints
47
Adult pt with flank pain and blood in urine. During exam RN notices hard painless nodules on great toe, one burst…
Rheumatic fever
Bunions
Gout
Osteoarthritis
48
RN testing DTR on adult for annual physical. What response does RN expect to find when testing Achilles reflex?
Flexion of the knee
Plantar flexion
Dorsiflexion of foot
Extension of the lower leg
49
An RN is auscultating with diaphragm and hears an S1 split. Where in cardiac cycle would this be found?
Late systole
Early diastole
Early systolic
Late diastolic
50
RN is assessing the jugular veins, which technique is correct?
The jugular veins should be auscultated for bruits
A penlight should be used to highlight distention or pulsation
Unilateral JVD consistent with right sided heart failure
The RN should keep the head of bed flat when assessing for JVD
51
Which sign or symptom is most consistent with severe mitral valve stenosis?
Weight gain
Pulmonary edema
Bounding peripheral pulses
Jugular vein distention
52
RN examining pt with severe HTN and coronary artery disease. How should RN auscultate for S4 gallop?
Using diaphragm of stethoscope in aortic area with patient sitting
Using bell of stethoscope at base with patient leaning forward
Use diaphragm of stethoscope in pulmonic area with pt supine
Use bell of stethoscope at apex with pt in left lateral position
53
Which of the following is not a component of the GCS?
Eye opening
Motor response
Reflex response
Verbal response
54
RN preparing to examine client with stage 3 lymphedema affecting the right leg. What does the nurse expect to find?
Pallor of right leg with absent pulses
Redness and swelling of the calf
Nonpitting edema that feels hard and lumpy
Severe edema that leaves an indentation when palpated
55
While performing a head to toe assessment on a bedridden pt with diabetes, RN unable to palpate pedal pulses. Next step?
Use a Doppler to check blood flow
Palpate pulse points with legs dependent
Apply a heating pad to both feet to stimulate blood flow
Notify healthcare provider
56
Using the diaphragm the RN hears intermittent extra early diastolic sound at base of the heart. This is most likely
Split S2
Split S1
Atrial gallop
Ventricular gallop
57
RN examining pt admitted for pancreatitis. Vital signs are 98.6 F pulse 98 respirations 18 & cap refill 4 sec bilateral
Consider this a normal cap refill time that requires no further assessment
Ask pt about history of frostbite
Consider delayed cap refill time and investigate further
Suspect that pt has venous insufficiency
58
Which statement best describes the S1 heart sound?
Indicates beginning of diastole
Coincides with carotid artery pulse
Louder than S2 at the base of the heart
It is caused by closure of semilunar valves
59
When assessing 68 year old pt presenting with L leg pain RN notes L femoral pulse is very weak. What should Rn do next?
Ask pt to stand and palpate again
Document finding as normal in older adult
Auscultate the site to identify partial occlusion
Palpate for enlarged lymph nodes in the area
60
RN completing neuron exam on elderly pt. Which finding is expected?
Smaller pupils with absent light reflex
Asymmetric tracking of the eyes
Hyperactive deep tendon reflex
Slower more deliberate gait with a wider stance
61
RN completing neuro assessment of 68 yo pt with “difficulty walking” How should RN assess muscle tone in this pt?
RN asks to relax his muscles completely and then moves each joint full ROM
Observe overall muscle bulk of client when standing
Utilize percussion hammer to assess reflex responses
Ask pt to resist your attempts to move his extremities
62
A nurse is assessing a pt admitted for severe hyperthyroidism. When assessing pt pulses, what should nurse expect?
Nonpalpable
Bounding (3+)
Normal (2+)
Weak, thready (1+)
63
Which is not a symptom of L sides heart failure?
Tachycardia
Dependent edema
Cough
Orthopnea
64
A pt tells RN that her fingers often “go numb & then burn” when she is very stressed or goes out in colder weather. ????
Deep vein thrombosis
Chronic arterial insufficiency
Lymphedema
Raynaud phenomenon
65
Pt recover from MI & complains of “sharp chest pain” on exam RN hears high pitch scratchy sound during S1 & S2 at apex..
Systolic and diastolic regurgitation
Ventricular atrophy resulting from muscle damage
Increased cardiac output
Inflammation of pericardial membrane
66
When the RN is testing the biceps reflex what is the expected response?
Flexion of the arm
Flexion of the fingers
Extension of the forearm
Supination of the hand
67
Pt presents to clinic with a “swollen knee”. What test should RN use to check for large amounts of fluid around patella?
Tinsel sign
McMurray test
Lasegue test
Ballottement
68
RN preparing to preform modified Allen test on hospitalized pt. A nursing student asks why test is necessary. RN says?
Used to evaluate adequacy of cap patency before venous blood draws
used to evaluate adequacy of collateral circulation to cannulate radial art
evaluate venous refill w/ occurs after ulnar & radial arteries temp occlude
It is used to measure rate of lymphatic drainage
69
RN examining a newborn who was born with assistance of forceps. Which finding alerts RN to possible fractured clavicle?
Limited movement on one side during Moro reflex
Absence of a rooting reflex
Positive Ortilani sign
Heart rate 136
70
During an assessment of a 67 year old man RN notices pt has stooped posture, shuffling gait and resting hand tremor…
Multiple sclerosis
Delirium
Parkinsonism
Hemiparesis
71
The nurse is gathering a health history nurse. Which of following is a risk factor for peripheral vascular disease?
Occupation requires a lot of walking
Age > 70
Consumption of 1 alcoholic drink per day
High levels of HDL cholesterol
72
A nurse is caring for a stable pt with significant swelling from a musculoskeletal injury. The nurse would be prudent to
Check for poikilothermia
Check for varicose veins
Have the pt elevate the limb to reduce swelling
Check a respiratory rate
73
RN auscultate loud murmur after S2 over pulmonic valve area. Slight thrill palpated over area. Nurse documents
Grade 6/6 systolic murmur present at L midclavicular line
Grade 5/6 systolic murmur present at L upper sternal border
Grade 5/6 diastolic murmur is present at 4th L intercostal space
Grade 4/6 diastolic murmur present at 2nd L intercostal space
74
A positive Homan’s sign might indicate what?
Myocardial infarction
PVD
Heart failure
DVT
75
RN examine pt w/ “leg weakness” Guillian Barre is suspected What might RN find when testing reflexes in lower extremitie
Hyporeflexia
Hyperreflexia
Normal reflexes
Positive babinski
76
A pt complains of leg pain waking at night but pain disappears when dangles them over the bed & sore on great toe. ?????
Problems related to arterial insufficiency
Pain related to lymphatic abnormalities
Problems related to venous insufficiency
Pain related to musculoskeletal abnormalities
77
Assessment of pt with “fatigue” RN notes apical impulse easily palpable over 5th and 6th ICS anterior axillary line…??
Cardiac atrophy
Dehydration
Ventricular dilation
A normal functioning heart
78
A pt has been diagnosed with tricuspid stenosis. What s/s would the nurse expect?
Chest pain
Dependent edema
Narrow pulse pressure
Orthopnea
79
During exam of pt with “back pain’ after car accident RN notices lateral lifting & forward flexion of spine. RN suspect?
Pelvic fracture
Herniated nucleus pulposus
Scoliosis
Effusion of knee
80
The RN preparing to assess posterior tibialis artery. Where is correct location for palpation?
In the groove behind the medial malleolus
Behind the knee
Lateral to extensor tendon of great toe
Over lateral malleolus
81
Which sign or symptom is most consistent with left sided heart failure?
Dependent edema
Cough
JVD
Weight gain
82
RN preparing to examine pt with severe HTN and coronary artery disease. How should nurse auscultate for S4 gallop?
Use diaphragm of stethoscope in pulmonic area with pt supine
Use diaphragm of stethoscope in aortic area with patient sitting
Use bell of stethoscope at apex with patient in left lateral position
Use bell of stethoscope at base with patient leaning forward
83
The RN places a key in the hand of a pt and he identifies it as a marble. What term would RN use to describe finding?
Abnormal point location
Extinction
Failed monofilament test
Astereognosis
84
Which pt should you preform a complete musculoskeletal exam on?
A diabetic pt with a new injury on his right toe
A patient with a head injury and one sided weakness
A pt who is having trouble standing in the shower
A pt with severe stomach pain
85
During an assessment of a health pt where would RN expect to palpate the point of maximal impulse?
4th ICS at sternal border
5th ICS at or medial to midclavicular line
3rd L intercostal space at midclavicular line
4th L ICS at anterior axillary line
86
During neuro assessment of pt with a stroke RN places two pins on client skin pt feel 16 mm one point on R index finger
A normal response in the middle aged adult
An abnormal response as a result of a sensory cortex lesion
Suspicious of a cerebellum lesion, RN should assess their gait
Consistent with occipital lobe damage
87
While assessing a 3 month old infant RN offers finger to baby’s palm and baby tightly grasps it. How RN report findings
Persistence of Moro reflex can indicate neurological damage
This is consistent with frontal lobe damage
This reflex should have disappeared after birth
This response is expected at this age
88
When auscultating over a patients femoral arteries the RN notices the presence of a bruit on the left side Which is true
Occurs with turbulent blood flow indicating partial occlusion
Femoral artery bruits are caused by hyper metabolic states
Often associated with venous disease
Occur in presence of lymphadenopathy
89
Where would the nurse expect to hear the loudest sound from S2?
Base
Apex
90
RN preforming exam on pt who says “always dropping things & tripping” RAM are slow and frequently misses. RN suspects?
Lesions on cranial nerve XI
Vestibular disease
Cognitive dysfunction
Dysfunction of cerebellum
91
RN examining 3 month old because he “isn’t gaining weight”, to screen for cardiac dysfunction what question is important
Does he seem to get short of breath or sweat while feeding?
Does he pee more at night than during the day?
What formula are you using this time around ?
How many poopy diapers is he having per day?
92
When RN is auscultating the carotid artery for bruits which of these statements reflects the correct technique?
Listen with the bell of stethoscope, pt asked to take a deep breath & hold
Lightly apply bell over carotid artery pt to deep breath exhale & hold it
Place diaphragm firmly over carotid artery & pt tk deep breath, exhale hold
Auscultate one side with bell & palpate carotid artery on other side
93
RN testing function of CN III. Which best describes the response the nurse should expect if this nerve is intact?
Both eyes move vertically with extra ocular movements
When pt sticks out tongue it is midline and without tremors or deviation
Pt moves head and shoulders against resistance with equal strength
Pt demonstrates ability to hear normal conversation
94
During systole which valves are heard closing?
Aortic valves
SL valves
Pulmonic valves
AV valves
95
A 65 year old pt experiencing pain in left calf when he exercises which disappears after resting for a few minutes….
Ischemia caused by the complete blockage of an artery
Claudication due to venous abnormalities
Partial blockage of an artery
Venous obstruction
96
While assessing a 7mo infant nurse clasps hands and notices abduction and flexion of arms & legs & bring legs to body…
This reflex should have disappeared by 4 months of age
This response is normal as long as the movements are bilaterally symmetric
This reaction is an expected startle response at this age
This tonic neck reflex should have disappeared at 6 months
97
Exam of older pt presenting with “cough & weight gain” reveals bilateral edema in legs. What should RN do next?
Obtain ankle brachial index (ABI) bilaterally
Assume chronic venous insufficiency and notify the provider
Observe neck veins for distention
Suspect coronary artery disease as cause for these symptoms
98
RN is auscultating a pt with the bell of stethoscope and hears early diastolic sounds which is S3 what does this mean?
Transient ischemic attack
Systolic heart failure
Diastolic dysfunction
Right sided heart failure
99
When assessing muscle strength RN observes pt maintain bicep flexion against resistance. How should RN document strength
Bounding
5/5
Full tone
2+
100
When listening to heart sounds which valve closures are heard best at apex of the heart?
Mitral and pulmonic
Mitral and tricuspid
Aortic and pulmonic
Tricuspid and aortic